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As metáforas podem ser categorizadas em diferentes tipos: de imagéticas e conceituais a puramente linguísticas (Lakoff E Johnson 1980, Lakoff E Johnson 1999, Lakoff 1986, Lakoff 1987, Moura 2007). Podem ser estruturadas a partir de sensações físicas e psicológicas e, portanto, construídas através de noções cognitivas, corpóreas e emocionais. Em determinadas línguas, a experiência sensório-motora pode se gramaticalizar, expressando conceitos cognitivos mais abstratos de movimento, estado, espaço e tempo. Tendo isso vista, o presente trabalho objetiva categorizar metáforas do Xerente, língua brasileira pertencente ao tronco Macro-Jê, tais quais: (i) metáforas de partes, através das quais experiências física e psicológica podem ser expressas a partir de referentes para partes do corpo humano, de animais e plantas; (ii) metáforas de cores, as quais contribuem para a composição nominal; (iii) metáforas posicionais, cujos lexicais designam a posição de um corpo no espaço; (iv) metáfora de forma e aparência, caracterizada por nomes de qualidade que designam a forma de determinadas espécies animais e vegetais; e (v) metáfora de substância e função: nomes criados a partir das funções que desempenham. Conclui-se que as metáforas são um recurso cognitivo, linguístico e socialmente compartilhado. Elas se referem a conceitos mais ou menos abstratos e podem ser expressas por itens mais lexicais ou, ainda, se apresentar como itens gramaticalizados no sistema da língua. As metáforas, conforme será demonstrado, são criadas a partir de experiências cotidianas para conceituar objetos, seres, estados e experiências, conhecidos e vivenciados, tendo o corpo humano como o principal referente.

Los relatos recogidos por los cronistas españoles de los siglos XVI y XVII sobre los incas han sido tildados, en buena parte, como meras fábulas, carentes de historicidad. En la presente ponencia intentamos demostrar que, gracias al trabajo interdisciplinario, particularmente de la lingüística, la historia, la arqueología, e incluso la genética, algunos de tales relatos, subestimados por la historiografía canónica, constituyen narraciones que contienen un fondo de verosimilitud. Ello es particularmente cierto en el caso del origen lacustre de los incas (procedentes del Titicaca) y de su lengua ancestral, que no fue la quechua ni la aimara sino la puquina.

The main goal of this article is to present a morphological and semantic analysis of the oblique markers and postpositions in Akuntsú (Tupían language), by providing the semantic varieties of these elements and their morphological classifications. In this regard, the typological features of this language are briefly described, focusing on the analyses of the nominal morphology. Thus, it is presented that the nominal grammatical information, in Akuntsú, is signaled by postpositions and oblique markers, which can be nouns, pronouns, demonstratives and, in some cases, adverbs and verbs.

O presente artigo descreve a ocorrência de laringalização nas vogais da língua Tuparí (ISO 639-3), pertencente à  família linguística Tuparí (tronco Tupí). Com a utilização de aparato técnico, metodológico e teórico da fonética acústica analisamos os dados disponíveis, o que possibilitou evidenciar a realização de traço laringal (glotal) nas vogais do Tuparí. Verificamos que a laringalização está presente nas vogais do sistema da língua e que é motivada principalmente pela contiguidade da consoante oclusiva glotal [?] a essas vogais. Parte dos dados usados foram obtidos junto a professores Tuparí na Terra Indígena Rio Branco, em 2018. Outros dados foram gravados em estúdio profissional, em 2016, na Universidade de Brasília.

I present memories of research activities and teaching of two languages once spoken in the State of Rondônia, the Kujubim (Txapakúra family) and Puruburá (Puruborá family, Tupí stock). The activities were carried out in communities Puruborá and Kujubim with the participation of local teachers and reminders of their respective languages. The information provided also reveals the state of the art of the linguistic material existing on the two languages and how the Puruborá and Kujubim conceive the teaching of what is possible to recover from the languages of their ancestors.

This study aims to give voice to indigenous teachers, stimulating thir reflection about the construction of their knowledge in their teaching practice. It is analyzed how and when the knowledge is constructed, observing the didactic organization in multi-serials classes, the didactic materials used, and the teaching of the indigenous languages. The results of the analysis show that in the reflections made by indigenous teachers on the issues at hand there is an appreciation of their academic formation, although they highlight the importance of their experience as students and teachers, as well as their social life in their respective communities.

We deal with the translation of kinship terms from the Tembé language to Brazilian Portuguese, in particular, kinship terms related to 1st and 2nd degree blood relatives - father, mother, children, siblings, grandparents, grandchildren, uncles, cousins and nephews. The data source for this study is the doctoral dissertation of Tabita Silva (2010), which presents examples of names of this semantic field, as well as a lexical comparative table of kinship names in Tembé and Guajajára, collected by this author, from 2006 to 2009; the Portuguese-Tembé Bilingual Dictionary of Max Boudin (1978); and the Dissertation of Marcia Carvalho (2001), which presents a record of the speech of the elders. We investigate kinship names of Tembé, aiming their translation into Portuguese. We show that kinship terms in Tembé, as well other terms of this language, have specificities when compared to Portuguese, demanding special attention from the translator.

The aim of this study is to present a brief account of previously published works on grammatical gender and number in Kayabí, a language belonging to subbranch VI of the Tupí-Guaraní family, Tupí stock (Rodrigues and Cabral 2002). Kayabí has the particularity of selecting third person pronominal forms according to the speaker’s and/or the listener’s gender. Various Brazilian indigenous languages show gender and number marks in their morphology, although the occurrence of the distinction between male and female speech is much less common. In spite of the relevance of this research to improve knowledge on national languages and cultures, it is noticed that there is still little material on the theme in Portuguese language, thus the pertinence of present bibliographic inventory

This article deals with derivational processes of the Xerente language (Jê family). We show that, in this language, derivational morphemes are of different natures, some of them form new lexemes of the same base class, others form lexemes of a different base class. Among the derivational morphemes found in Xerente there are those that are combinable with (a) nominal, verbal and adverbial themes, (b) nominal themes, (c) verbal themes, and (d) nominalized verbal themes. The present description considered previous studies on derivational processes in other Jê languages (Costa 2013; Miranda 2010, 2014; Cotrim 2016) and was referenced in Aikhenvald (2015) regarding the functional nature of derivational processes found in grammars of different languages, as well as in Rodrigues (1953; 1981), and in Rodrigues and Cabral (2012) on nominalizations in Tupí languages.

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Nota sobre a edição deste número da RBLA.

A postulação de uma unidade linguística genética Macro-Jê, compreendendo a família Jê e várias outras famílias e línguas isoladas, tem um caráter altamente hipotético...

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In this paper, we aim to offer a brief description and analysis of the valence-changing operations observed in the Oro Wari’ Language (Pacaa Nova, Txapakura family). We will show two valence-increasing categories: the causative and the applicative. In the descriptive terms, the particle {ara?} conveys the meaning of causation and adds a new agent argument (the causer) to the valence pattern. The language also has the following applicative particles: {win}, {miÊ”}, {het}, {ka} and {pe}, which introduce an argument in the verbal structure with the semantic functions of comitative, benefactive, source, direction/goal and locative. We will investigate three valence-decreasing categories: the reflexive {ʃiye-}, the reciprocal {kaɾakan} and the intransitivizer {maw}. In reflexive and reciprocal verbs, a syntactic structure is used to indicate that someone or something is performing an action on or for itself, but since subject and object arguments are referentially identical, only one participant is expressed. Finally, the particle {maw}, which derives stative-resultative structure, is the valence-changing category which removes the agent argument from the subject position, and the patient argument must take up the subject position instead.

The aim of this paper is to present the state of the art of the Kinikinau language, an Aruák language (Aikhenvald 1999: 67) currently located in the southern pantanal of Mato Grosso do Sul state. This language is in a moribund stage (less than 7 speakers) according to Oliveira (2017). We call attention to the amount of existing descriptive works and present some criticismes on the comparative studies, in order to show this studies as provisional forms of understanding the language and the changes which has undergone over time. The article is divided as follows. In section 1, we give a short presentation on the Kinikinau people, on the critical sociolinguistic situation in which the language actually is, and on the linguistic literature of the Kinikinau language. In section 2, we deal with what was thought to be the only study of that language in the 19th. In section 3, we deal with the studies made in the twentieth century. In section 4, we present the studies made in the 21st century. Finally, in section 5, we make some final considerations on the matter of the paper.

Apresentação de Jorge Domingues Lopes.

InSURgência: revista de direitos e movimentos sociais. Brasília: IPDMS; PPGDH/UnB; Lumen Juris, vol. 1, n. 1, janeiro-junho de 2015, p. 1-3.

InSURgência: revista de direitos e movimentos sociais. Brasília: IPDMS; PPGDH/UnB; Lumen Juris, vol. 1, n. 1, janeiro-junho de 2015, p. 247-279.

InSURgência: revista de direitos e movimentos sociais. Brasília: IPDMS; PPGDH/UnB; Lumen Juris, vol. 1, n. 1, janeiro-junho de 2015, p. 283-287.

InSURgência: revista de direitos e movimentos sociais. Brasília: IPDMS; PPGDH/UnB; Lumen Juris, vol. 1, n. 2, julho-dezembro de 2015, p. 527-537.