RCAAP Repository

O trabalho discorre no objetivo principal da pesquisa é elucidar a maneira com a qual as cidades contemporâneas adquiriram as características que possuem atualmente e sua influência em seus moradores, e desta maneira projetar um fragmento de cidade que englobe as premissas deste modelo requalificando uma área central da cidade de São Paulo, já prevista para este tipo de configuração e estudar sua dinâmica com a interação pública. O propósito então seguirá um caminho de compreensão da evolução das cidades ao longo do tempo com um enfoque na cidade de São Paulo ao mesmo tempo de uma investigação sobre a melhor maneira de inserção de um edifício em um local consolidado, criando hipóteses entre as interações com o existente e com o que virá existir de maneira à perscrutar as mudanças de comportamento e convívio com a cidade...

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The objects of study in this research are projects of residential architecture with capture and use of rainwater. The research aims to address the use of rainwater as a condition for architectural projects; shows how the systems, which captures and use the rainwater, impacts on architecture and in the city; raise, through interviews, the architect´s "design stance" to guide and reference new architectural proposals. The results of the research detects the importance of these systems in architectural projects, shows that its design should be started already in the stage of preliminary study, also shows changes in the architect s design stance ; and concludes that, in São Paulo, the volume of rainwater that can be captured and used in residential edifications, for not potable purposes, is very significant. The research s conclusions and data can support future researches and disseminate the proposition of the use of rainwater in architectural projects.

El objetivo de esta disertación es analizar la aplicación efectiva del principio constitucional de la dignidad de la persona humana en las relaciones de empleo. La globalización de la economía afecta directamente las relaciones entre el capital y el trabajo. El poder económico se puso más exigente, y el trabajo, por las circunstancias, se puso más sumiso. En Brasil, el legislador constituyente el aumento del principio constitucional de la dignidad de la persona humana como derecho fundamental, núcleo esencial de los derechos humanos. El respeto a la dignidad de la persona, en las relaciones de empleo, debe sobreponerse a las exigencias del capital. Así, partiendo de esas presuposiciones, se espera mostrar la importancia del principio constitucional de la dignidad de la persona como límite de los poderes del empleador. Como posibilidad de solución de posibles conflictos laborales, se sugiere la creación de derechos humanos, por ocasión de las negociaciones colectivas de trabajo y, en el ámbito del judiciario, la propositura de acciones que puedan garantizar a los empleados la permanencia en el empleo con tranquilidad y sin constreñimientos. Con esto, se intenta estimular la discusión impostergable sobre este tema que es imprescindible no apenas a los involucrados en la área de Derechos Humanos, pero también a la sociedad en general, que necesita estar consciente de las leyes que garantizan la dignidad del trabajador en el ámbito de los principios humanos.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

For years, the movie Cinderella has enchanted people from all over the world. Since Disney’s first version, in the 1950’s, Cinderella stands for the most celebrated princess of gilrs’ and women’s dreams. However, considering the changes of paradigm which existed in relation to the feminine figure, as well as their social role, it became necessary for Disney to produce a more consistent and significant rereading of the famous fairy tale movie, which should be in agreement to the post-modern world. The objective was to meet the needs of the current new public. It is the namesake live action version. This research has appeared from this context. This study wanted to discuss, with High School students from a private school, matters that concerned to these changes, based on the Feminist Movement, whose height happened from the second half of the XX Century. In this way, initially, it was necessary to study theoretical reference about the teaching of Portuguese Language in Brazil, since the arrival of the Jesuit mission until nowadays. After this, there was a comparative analysis between both Disney’s Cinderella versions – the one from 1950 and the 2015 one – and this primary study enabled the elaboration of a didactical-methodologial proposal, descripted throughout this research, in which the production of a Cinderella trailer considering the version of the story that the students would like to watch. In function of the acknowledgement of the students’ reality, the entire proposal was based on ICTs (Information and Communication Technologies). As theoretical reference, Alloa (2015), Brasil (2000) Freire (2011, 2012) and Pastoureau (2007) were used. Lastly, it was reflected about the need of the teacher, concerned about the significant formation of one’s students, to observe the cultural products consumed by them, in order to use them as an effective tool for the discussion of nowadays transverse themes.

Screening indicators of learning difficulties in the early years of formal schooling is a demand that requires the use of standardized tests. Basic education is one of the appropriate contexts for the implementation of such instruments. The general objective of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity of a standardized model for the use of Basic Education teachers in the identification of students with complaints of Specific Learning Disorder (SLD). The sample was composed by 32 teachers from 16 schools (a classroom teacher of 2nd year and one of the 4th year); the respective students who presented signs of SLD, but without diagnostic report according to the school records; and parents of these students. The instruments for data collection were the Checklist for identification of signs of SLD; Brief Problem Monitor/Form for parents and teachers (BPM-T and BPM-P); Wechsler Abbreviated Intelligence Scale (WASI); Word-Pseudoword Reading Competence Test (WPRCT), School Performance Test (SPT); Phonological Awareness Test. The instruments WASI, WPRCT, SPT, Phonological Awareness Test, BPM-T and BPM-P were corrected according to the specific standardization. Kappa coefficients were calculated for the analysis of the agreement between the teachers and parents in the checklist, and the student's t test was used to compare scores in the tests between the children of the 2nd and the 4th grade. The teachers identified 31 students with suspected SLD, 4 had indicators of intellectual impairment by the WASI, they were excluded of the sample and evaluated for intellectual disability. The results showed that 64,28% of the 4th grade students classified in low and very low range at Phonological Awareness Test. The t-student test results showed that there were statistically significant differences between students in the 2nd and 4th grades in alliteration test (p = 0.007), phonemic segmentation (p = 0.02), syllabic manipulation (p = 0,02), phonemic manipulation (p = 0.01), syllabic transposition (p = 0.00), phonemic transposition (p = 0.008) and total score (p = 0.003). In the WPRCT, both groups had the best means in the strange pseudowords (the 4th grade had the highest mean with 9.71 of 10 score). On the other hand, the lowest performances were observed in the pseudowords homophones with 4.46 and 4.71, in the 2nd and 4th grades, respectively. The performance of all students in the SPT writing test was low, only 7.14% (2nd grade) and 3.85% (4th grade) of the students were classified into the middle range in the test. In the mathematic test, 16 students had a confirmed suspicion of SLD (11 children of the 4th grade and 5 children of the 2nd grade). The Kappa coefficients indicated concordances with statistical significance (from low to moderate quality) between parents and teachers in most signs of the checklist of the SLD. The best indexes of agreement with statistical significance were in comprehension difficulties (Kappa = 0.66) and grammar difficulties (Kappa = 0.61). The t-student test did not identify statistically significant differences between parent’s and teacher’s reports on behavioral and emotional problems. The model identified 9 children with confirmed impairment in reading (33.33%), 18 children with confirmed impairment in written expression (69.23%), 9 with reading and writing impairments (34.61%), 16 with impairment in mathematics (61.54%), and only 4 students did not show any impairment according to the tests. The data confirmed the sensitivity of the model evidencing the importance of the teacher having skills and appropriate instruments for an objective evaluation of students with suspected SLD.

This Master’s Dissertation has as objective to present a new approach about the fight against Slave Labor in products sold by Supply Chain in Brazil. Having as paradigm the Traceability in Supply Chain, the Dissertation, analyzing the Kimberley Protocol, states that with certain policies it is possible to eradicate from the market, goods which offend the human dignity and the own lives of those who produced it. Brazil, one of the most important countries on fight against the Slave Labor, despite of its policies, still does not have one rule about Supply Chains and legal and constitutional guarantees of labor. Analyzing the Brazilian Federal Laws (12.097/2009 and 11.903/2009), the Dissertation presents the possibility of tracing all Supply Chain, from raw material to sale, and its efficiency on public policies (São Paulo State Law nº 15.276/2014). However, even in countries (USA and United Kingdom) where there are laws to disclose the Supply Chains, those legislations are still far to represent a Global Governance on the fight against Slave Labor. The conflict of interest between those who defend a common labor rights standard from those who see in those standards, commercial restrictions, causes several damages on stipulation of legislation involving Supply Chains and Slave Labor. This dissidence leads us to the conclusion that only the Sovereignty holds the fundamental part on regulation of Supply Chain as a form to eradicate the Slave Labor in Brazil and in the world.

O presente artigo pretende analisar, sob uma perspectiva crítica, os limites da atuação do Ministério Público, por meio da Ação Civil Pública, como “guardião” do meio ambiente, em especial, no que tange ao processo de licenciamento ambiental, haja vista que, muitas vezes, o Ministério Público ultrapassa os seus limites previstos em lei, visando discutir o mérito do ato administrativo perante o Poder Judiciário. Para tanto, será apresentada uma breve introdução sobre o que se trata o licenciamento ambiental, a sua complexidade e, por fim, a sua dinamicidade que, muitas vezes, se confunde com o não cumprimento das obrigações que são impostas ao empreendedor.

Brazilian state Policies for Science Technology and Innovation are analyzed by the presente PHD thesis, considering legal doctrine and constitutional grounds for national development. Assuming the primacy of Science and Technology at development process and its special role in the national legislations, with a broad constitutional contrast, this thesis looked to evince adopted paths in the last decades for its substantiantion and its structural contradictions that many times generated a mismatch between scientific and productive-technological agendas in the country. Understanding national development as a challenge and purpose of the Brazilian State, the thesis finally reaffirms the pedagogical foundations essencial for the establishment of educational strategies necessary for the achievement of national development

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The proposal of this study is to analyze the formation of a homoerotic masculine look that had being built since the XIX century (time when the terms heterosexual and homosexual ) were forged, having as a temporal cut the period from 1969 to 1984. The perspective is to identify the changes happened in the construction of this look from 1969, a year marked by the conflicts happened at the bar Stonewall Inn, in New York, resulting in a change of attitude concerning the gay segment, that brought to the surface an entire way of being built in the secrecy of the ghetto, until the year of 1984. A relationship is set up with the fashion as a social phenomenon that points out these transformations, especially with the work of the French fashion designer Jean-Paul Gaultie. This creator incorporates the universe of the masculine gay desire and the camp aesthetics, getting, this way, to streamline the rigid conventions of the masculine dressing, through the contributions of this homoerotic look.

This study aims to think the linguistic identity in the high school students universe, from schools with different realities: a private and a public one. The basis for the analysis is through observation of knowledge / ignorance of Lusophone term perceive the historical background and geographical expansion of the Portuguese language and what it represents in the construction of their identities and also the spaces where Portuguese is official language. For reflections on the identity in postmodernity will be highlighted the studies by Bauman (2005) and Stuart Hall (2006). In order to think about the concept of Lusophone the researchers conducted by Brito (2010, 2013a e 2013b); Brito e Bastos (2006) e Brito e Martins (2004), Lourenço (2001) e Martins (2004 e 2006). Therefore, to check and make the comparison of language and Lusophone perceptions in its socio-geographic scope, we proposed to the 02 groups, as motivation, first to watch the documentary Língua – Vidas em Portuguese, (realization 2001, launched in Brazil in 2004, led by Mozambican Victor Lopes) which shows speakers and language specificities in each continent and to what extent socio-cultural and geographical influences act and determine the identity building process.After watching the documentary students of both groups, each one in their school environment, commented and discussed with one another and with the teacher various issues addressed in the documentary. Then answered a questionnaire about social, geographical and identity and some specific issues mentioned in the film. Besides, with this research, it was intended to suggest a possibility of didactic and pedagogical practice for high school teachers, to work in view of the legislation, issues of African -Brazilian culture and stimulating debate about the linguistic varieties of Portuguese.

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar algumas alternativas para solucionar o conflito que ocorre nos julgamentos populares de grande repercussão entre o direito à informação e a imparcialidade dos julgadores. O fascínio social por temas relacionados a fatos criminosos se apresenta de forma sedutora para a mídia. A imprensa, guiada pelo interesse econômico, acaba colaborando com a construção da convicção coletiva pré-processual sobre os sujeitos e suas condutas. Com isso, o veredicto é diretamente afetado pelos juízos de valor pré-idealizados por meio de julgamentos paralelos sobre o caso. Nesse contexto, o avanço tecnológico demanda uma nova abordagem normativa do instituto do Júri, considerando-se que as medidas previstas no ordenamento brasileiro se mostram insuficientes para assegurar a imparcialidade do conselho de sentença ao mesmo tempo que se possa exercer à liberdade de informação, garantias essas que são indispensáveis para a manutenção do Estado Democrático de Direito.

The main theme of this dissertation is the concept of person in Thomas Aquinas and the possibility of rescue metaphysics as the legal basis and limit of state action. We describe the context of Christian thought of Thomas Aquinas, specifically with regard to the concept of person in theological debate. Analyze the Thomistic philosophical anthropology, in particular the question of the image of God, clarifying the reason, the foundation and extension of human dignity, in St. Thomas thought, and its consequences in his theory of law. It´s analysed also the metaphysical and ontological consequences of actions (virtuous and vicious). It also analyzes the process of critique of metaphysics as the foundation of moral order and suggests his redemption as a way of keeping the content of the principle of human dignity, compatible with the system and constitutional values. It is suggested that it was precisely this abandonment of reference to an objective external reality, as imposed limit on the right that led toward the coherent development of the theory of Enemy´s Criminal Law.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

The human visual attention and cognitive processes involved still arouse interest in investigations and have gaps. Perform a reading task or look for a parking spot are common actions of our day-to-day life that require the recruitment of our visual attentional system. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) over Posterior Parietal Cortex (PPC) in the performance of visuospatial attention tasks, such as Bisection of Lines test and Visual Search test in young healthy volunteers. In order to analyze differences and similarities between different types of stimulation (anodic and cathodic simulation) as well as the pseudoneglect phenomenon, participated 21 young adults of which 90.47% female, 95.23% with incomplete higher education; right handed and with a mean age of 22.66 ± 3.04 (mean ± standard deviation). The results showed that participants were faster in the second assessment compared to baseline for both tasks. In addition, volunteers were faster in the Line Bisection test when the large lines was at left. Another important finding of the study was the longer fixation time in the left visual hemifield when faced with larger lines on the left in the Line Bisection Task. Furthermore, similar results when there are target to the left or right was find in the Visual Search test. Was also observe an increase in fixation time on right hemifield after cathodal stimulation in the Visual Search test compared to baseline. Therefore, these findings come against pseudoneglect phenomenon, as well as inhibition of the right posterior parietal cortex with the Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation can have induced a decrease in this phenomenon. The present study brought important contributions to the understanding of pseudoneglect phenomenon, and showed that tDCS can be an important tool for research and future intervention possibilities.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Photonic crystal fibers have been proposed as single-polarization (or polarizing) fibers with important applications being demonstrated, for example, in telecommunications, sensing and georeferencing. Although the vast majority of reported studies have focused on the numerical analysis of the performance of PCFs with specific and unconventional designs, post-processing PCFs also allows for great flexibility in altering the characteristics of guidance. In this work, the structure of a commercial, highly birefringent, PCF, with different holes diameters, has been locally changed using a tapering technique, which reduces the transverse dimensions of the fiber, with the application of pressure in the holes. This process was implemented to create 1-cm-long sections with a 66% reduction in their cross-sectional dimensions, through the application of pressure using two different schemes. It is numerically and experimentally shown that the two resulting structures are polarizing. In the first scheme, the same pressure is applied to all holes, resulting in a polarizing PCF at a wavelength of 633 nm, with an experimentally obtained polarization extinction ratio (PER) of 6.44 dB. In the second scheme, the applied pressure was different for the large and small holes, resulting in a polarizing PCF for the 1510-1590 nm wavelength range, with an experimentally obtained PER of more than 30 dB. Both the simplicity of the method and the resulting PER compares favorably with alternative methods to create polarizing conventional and photonic crystal fibers.