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This dissertation aims to discuss the interpretation of the birth of the republic according to three works of Brazilian writer Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis (1839- 1908). Will be analyzed in two series chronicles Good Day! (May 27, 1888 and June 29, 1889) and the novel chronicles Esau and Jacob On, Polycarp, the narrator, makes objection to the idea of federalism, one of the defenses of the Republican campaign. Regarding the novel, we will stop to chapters 60-64 we show the position of Counselor Aires uncertainty about the rise of new political regime. The relationship between history and literature will allow us to discuss the nascent republic by the Brazilian Machado characters. Will Machado considered the birth of the republic as a positive? In the following pages, we present this and other issues in this work, which is premised analyze the triad Literature-History-Politics, the change of political regime in Brazil at the end of the nineteenth century.

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In this dissertation I aim to understand the proximity between the creative process of Clarice Lispector and the writing of History. To do so, I use as source and object of study the book Água viva (1973), the typewritten copy of this same book, which is under the guard of FCRB, and the paintings made by Clarice in the sixties and seventies, belonging to the collections of the FCRB and IMS. Through the documents relating to the creative path of Clarice Lispector, we realize that Agua Viva is a work prepared in every detail contrasting to an automatic style of writing, because of this, I highlight the importance of the analysis of the creative process for the study of the book. In this dissertation, I aim to weave the relations between History and Literature with focus on the fact of a writing being a \"become\" and on the creative process of the textual production, in which there are, both, inspiration and work.

Between 1967 and 1978, Brazilian culture and music were reevaluated. Also in this period, Clube da Esquina a musical group from the state of Minas Gerais whose musical production is this work s subject matter begun its activities. Our goal is to understand the songs written by this group in its historical and production context, identifying characteristics that distinguish it as a cultural movement. For that, we try to understand cultural industry and the development of capitalism and arts during military regimen in Brazil with a focus on censorship, technical, aesthetical changes in the field of arts and music, ideologies of the main groups opposed to the dictatorship in Brazil, and artistic universe with its vicissitudes. Methodological procedures included bibliographic reviewing and analysis of Clube da Esquina s discography sleeves, lyrics, arrangement structure and orchestrations produced between the beginning of AI-5 and the political opening in the late 1970s. With this study, we succeeded in verifying certain lack of researches on the Clube da Esquina, above all works dealing with the formal elements of the group work. Our analysis suggests that this movement has kept a dialogue with literature, dance and cinema; it also suggests that many of the group s songs establish a dialogue with the listener and a relationship between artistic production and historical time. Besides, this study shows that, in incorporating Minas Gerais popular culture, Clube s music places this cultural movement between world culture e Minas Gerais culture, in an elastic frontier that separates and unites popular and vanguard characteristics.

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Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais

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This research is about the return of the acceptance of the insanity speech, which appears in activities in general, as the social-recreative , occupational, therapeutical, familiar, productive and artistic ones, from changes in the insanity understanding form and from the action forms of the insanity intitutions permeated by the action of the State, through the law. Considering the insanity not only as an organic affection, but mainly as a result of social interactions, it´s nothing more logical than treat it ( by the therapeutical, which involves the clinic and the disease notion or the behaviour deviation) or accompain it ( by the knowledge of the human science) through the ways that would focus on the social relationships in order to rescue the subject interaction potential. So, we were initially guided by the insanity epistemological field as deviation of the comportamental norm, according to Focault and Sasz, either by environmental or organic delinking, and lead, in a sociology, for a notion of the historical construction of the individual fighting for his surpassing and composing of an individuality/ identity. The first step to such surpressing is the construction of the authentic individual, through the acceptance of the expressivity of the mad one by the society and by the medical knowledge in the therapeutical workshops, specially the plastic art ones.The acceptance of the insanity speach was studied through the experience with Therapeutical Workshops in the psicholycal clinic of UFU in the period of 1991 - 1998 , identifying the involved speeches in this subjectivity experiment of the insanity subject, examinig for this reason the context in which the psychiatrist medical knowledge is placed, the voice of the State through the rules about mental health , the psychologist scientific speech, from the philosophy and the activity of the municipal, state and federal mental health net, that established the practice of workshops through the Psycho-Social Attention Centres, CAPs, which integrate the attention net for the mental health services users. We tried to meet insanity and art, object and therapeutical form from a humanization understanding of the institutions which deal with human beings

This work aims at considering superstitions both in the context social, cultural changes and as an essential part of human being, since it makes part of culture. We search to discuss the transformations of superstition in the modern society based on the oral accounts of people who moved from countryside to the city of Catalão, State of Goiás. We has tried to identify how these people consider superstitions now and understand their rural past, marked by oral tradition and popular beliefs, and so to know how popular culture rereads superstitions in the present. In these individual s speech, we have noted some conceptions of past countryside/hindrance and present city/progress which led us to rethink of theses spaces as different and complimentary.

In the early 1990s, the student movement in the State of Goiás was retaken with the publishing of former movement leaders memories, focusing on the period of action (the 1960s), and of political agents in the present of remembering (the 1990s). Firstly, interviews made by researchers from the Universidade Federal de Goiás History Department under the guidance of on of its professors (he himself a student militant in the 1980s) brought to light the rebuilt memories of former student militants who acted in the city of Goiânia. Secondly, two former student militants published a book with interviews with former militants to paid homage to their brother that disappeared during the military government. The accounts reveal a re-evaluation of these former student militants past according to the interest in rebuilding their own image of the militancy and of the political responsibility regarding the students action. The setting of remembering includes political discussions in the national sphere dealing with the student reorganization in the so-called movement Caras pintadas ( painted faces ) contrary to the Brazilian president at the time Fernando Collor and the transmission by Rede Globo of the soap opera Anos rebeldes, on the youth action during the military government in Brazil. Besides, the end of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (URSS) and the fall of Berlin Wall, in 1989, gave directions to the search of a student and political identity, menaced by new images of the student movement and the Socialist propositions discredit, which stimulated social movements during the military regime. In this regard, the images revealed by the former militants memories focus on the students action demonstrations and decision making and the attribution of meaning to the condition of being a student militant heroes and society representatives, justified by the student consciousness in the 1960s.

This research analyses the speeches referring to deaf people education. These speeches, in their constitution, were outlined through medical and educational understanding and they indicate a think way, of conceiving and acting about people with deafness. Such speeches are based in the necessity of putting these people in the society with the goal of improving the practices that initially were destined to rehabilitation, normalization and discipline of the deaf people; later the speeches moved out influenced by conceptions based in points that serch not only the integration of these people in the society, but the overcoming of the educational difficulties, expressed in the communications barriers and in limits in the pedagogical practices. This study analyses as the local public power in Uberlândia oriented the deaf people educational practices and as such practices were developed in Institutions that guided their works for attending of the deaf children, young people and adults. From this moment, were built speeches that became possible to notice and see these social people and the speeches also influenced straighstly in the pedagogical practices that were destined to rehabilitate and to normalize the deaf people and later include them educational and socially. The investigation also observes the experiences of a deaf group and searches to understand the senses they attribute at their social relations, as deaf people as listener people, the identification with the pairs, at the interest, at the dreams and at the perspectives that revealed a specific way of living of one deaf group in Uberlândia.

The purpose of this dissertation is discuss some conceptions present in Maria Lacerda Moura´s thought (1887-1945), among them the consciousness objection and the woman´s independence . An activist during the 20´s and 30´s decades, Maria Lacerda has declared herself a selfish, anti-social, anticlerical and anti-fascist person, follower of free love, of aware motherhood and of woman´s independence rom both man and the capital. In the first chapter on this work, I discuss the consciousness objection notion in the author´s writings. I intend to analyse the lacerdian thought setting it against the libertarian ideas. Through this movement, I inquire the issues discussed by her, in order to comprehend her world ´s view and changing predictions. In the second chapter, I try to focus on the women´s images built in that period., as well as the author´s ideas about the woman´s independence . The documenting used in this research can be found in Arquivo Edgard Leuenroth in UNICAMP, in the archives of Centro de Cultura Social from São Paulo, in the Biblioteca Pública Municipal de São Paulo and in the Dicionário-Biográfico do(s) Arnarquismo(s) no Brasil , presented as a report paper research to FAPEMIG. The documents are books, articles, magazines and leaflets from Maria Lacerda de Moura, a rebel strongly influenced by the libertarian thoughts and committed to the construction of new life paradigma by her discoursive action.

THIS PAPER AIMS to research historical artistic events such as Theatre and Cinema, theater text Oleanna by David Mamet (1992), as well as the film adaptation (1994) and the stage adaptation Brazilian (1995) by Ulysses Cruz. Through the work and its adaptations is made a detailed analysis of each language and the context in which they were reworked. For this it was necessary to think of the role of the author and theater director and film as well as the aesthetic and thematic choices in making an adaptation, among the questions: who wins materiality in this process? Moreover, among the discussions, such work also focuses the thematic study of the work, involving topics such as: the power, the politically correct, the student-teacher ratio in university and the issue of harassment, which allow us to think in contemporary society while a society increasingly fragmented and individualized, in which conflicts are increasingly evident, particularly the lack of otherness. In this context, where the ideals of social transformation? Where are the utopias? These are some more of the issues present in this work.

This paper is the reflection axis movements of dispute set around the memory, between the late twentieth and early twenty-first century. Based on the investigative procedures and placements of Social History, analyzes the corporate memory developed in contemporary social reality - such as establishing space investigative Memory Center Votorantim with their collections and exhibitions - in its relations with the struggles established by labor movements and movements social, especially from the 1980s, the right to history and memory. Political practices of preserving the experiences of workers occurred in that context - which were transformed in documentary sources, the preservation of which projected the construction of a particular social memory against hegemonic - business groups lobbied to systematize and recount their stories and memories, basing and the legitimized them by incorporating oral history from which consist historicities that articulated the specific heritage and educational processes, consolidate hegemonic social and cultural forms in contemporary reality. This contradictory movement, unions have established experience of confrontation embodied in the organization of the documentation centers and memory association to reopen discussions and recompose memory as a field of social and political struggle.

This study aims to contribute to the reflection on the self-managed processes which occurred during the Spanish Revolution (1936-1939), a process that occurred in parallel to a cruel and bloody civil war. This research tries to understand the origin of self-management in Spain, in the 1930s, and to comprehend the causes of its expansion and contraction, influenced by both internal factors the civil war context, political-ideological disputes, economic issues, class struggle etc. and external factors mainly international diplomatic issues on pre-World War II context, although seeing the Spanish conflict as just a rehearsal for the War is questionable, and on the policy of weapon supply to the Republic . Upon getting into the study of Spanish collectivization as the self-managed properties were called we may also understand the ideological disputes from within the labor movement, not just in Spain, but also internationally particularly the relations of the labor movement with the Stalinist ideology and practice. The self-management spread whilst the predominance of heterodox revolutionaries lasted (not the ones who were inspired by the Moscow regime, as they were not only the anarchists, but also some communist dissidents). It retracted when the Stalinist communists and republicans reached political predominance. However, attributing the decadence and ultimate defeat of collectivization only to the communist actions would be questionable. It is necessary to appreciate its limitations and internal contradictions. This is exactly what guides this research, which seeks to contribute to the study and comprehension of the Spanish revolutionary process.

This study represents a discussion about the social practices that are found on compulsory isolation, in asylums-cologne and preventions, of affected people through leprosy and healthy children. A practice that was considered the principal measure of fighting the disease, which was adopted by the Brazilian government from 1930 to 1986, period understood by the research. There was a public campaign that propagated the possibility of a unique quality of life, such as the objective of encouraging the hospitalization of the maximum of the \"sick\"as possible. As a matter of fact, the asylums-cologne were designed and constructed for that all of the necessities of the \"lepers\" were answered within the insulation. Those lepers stayed completely far away from the \"city\" and the \"healthy\" part of society. The provision of basic services such as housing and food, the performance of various social events, leisure activities and culture had been properly registered through different measures and was also confirmed by their own \"internal\" of the season. It was practically a life without burden for the residents of this area. Therefore, all of these qualities of life that are properly structured, was not sufficient to compensate for a life of confinement. Interviews, documentaries, photos and even poems written by \"ex-internal\" militate against authoritarian practices and hygienists, on behalf of which many subjects have lost their families, had homes torched, were caught by the police health as criminals, being thus robbed of their own lives and from the bosom of \"society\". Such social practices brought irreparable damage, on aspects of the social, psychological, financial and moral. Produced memories of horror, marked by fear, insecurity, frustration, pain and various traumas. Despite the isolation have become officially extinct in mid-1986, the terminology of the disease have been replaced officially by Hansen\'s disease by force of law, and the government has granted special pension indemnity of character to the subjects who were isolated on the basis of the disease, these memories that are still in dispute. It is in the development and redevelopment of experiences in isolation, in the fight for the right to this memory, which often manifests itself in patrimonial conservation of the old asylums or until the creation of museums within these spaces. Acknowledgement and for compensation for the children who have been deprived of the company of country, a fact that reverberated in the trajectory of their lives or in the search of new social practices, decoupling the idea of leprosy and approaching the current concepts about leprosy.

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This work aims at a discussion of history, memory and oblivion from the reflective reading of the work of the Italian writer Primo Levi, considering his tales and chronicles published in the newspaper \"La Stampa\" of Turin, meeting later in the book \"71 Stories \"interested primarily in this dissertation,\" Lillit-near past. \"Alternative, will be consulted as works Is this a man?, And The Truce The drowned and the survivors. Also intend to discourse on the political struggle waged by Primo Levi, mainly through articles in Italian periodicals, against revisionism and Holocaust denial. Finally, discuss the ethical and political dimensions of the Holocaust, seeking from the work of Primo Levi and Zygmunt Bauman, scale the Holocaust with current issues, highlighting what we can learn from the traumatic experiences of horror. It further discussion of extending the concept of testimony, that all through a sensitive awareness and ethics, on contact with testimonies of inhumanity and horror, are also considered witnesses.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the working relationships and the living conditions of mines\' workers in Roraima, located in Amazon\'s northern region . In dealing with the dominant discourses we privileged the sorces\' intersection, in particular the workers\' narratives. Through their experiences we tryed to question stereotypes and stigmas, as well as the past, from the experiences and disputes engendered in the present. This perspective of analysis was intentional and its purpose was to focus our study in the sectors and classes that have few opportunities to express their views. Therefore we stand before the complex analysis of an area in dispute in which the researcher\'s own image is placed as an object of reflection. Thus, we seek to demonstrate the subjects and groups with divergent interests vying for the same areas. In this intricate interplay of interests, the miners\' image is forged according to the needs of groups to respond to social pressures, conflicts and disputes. We also discussed the mine\'s structuring as a territory in dispute in which indigenous peoples, along with the organizations and institutions that support them, face an emblematic war against miners and other invaders. In this same area workers also experience the intense exploitation, the poor working conditions and lack of labor rights and public policies. This neglection, in turn, seems to serve to those who are interested in maintaining these working conditions and conflicts that have endured for decades in indigenous areas. The mining experience remodelled these working men and women, constituting themselves as new social subjects who maintain their elusive relationships in a maze of fights and disputes.