RCAAP Repository

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

The Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) belongs to the group of the neurodevelopment disorders, although it does not have any biological markers defined. It is found since early childhood and entails debts in the social-communicative and behavioral areas. In this study, the autistic person’s familiar environment and its surroundings have been considered as indicators of his or her biopsychosocial development process. The analysis of the familiar environment has taken into account the experiences acquired in the daily routine and events occurred in other environments and directly related to the social and family context. This descriptive research aimed to achieve autistic pupils’ social-familiar characterization, who are assisted by a philanthropic institution in Rio de Janeiro state interior. This study involved 49 families assisted by the Integration Department of APAE (Portuguese for Association of Disabled People's Parents and Friends) in Itaperuna City, and it demonstrated that the variables of income, socioeconomic and sociodemographic conditions, and scarcity or absence of public policies interfere in life quality on one hand and influence the stress levels and a family’s responsibility overload on the other. Aiming at overcoming this condition, professionals are supposed to investigate the processes, which can cause different manifestations that, by their turn, involve the promoters and the obstacles of social inclusion. Moreover, researches that aim to achieve the socio-familiar characterization of certain family groups can also provide relevant information to guide professionals of a social-assistance network who seek to meet the needs of autistic individuals and their families.

The present job intends to show the ideological impediments to the effectiveness of the economic, social and cultural rights, using the critical theory of the human rights and its consequences in the effectiveness of the worker s rights, in special in regards to the clauses of agreements and collective conventions of work. We look for to demonstrate as the theoretical constructions concerning human rights, fundamental rights and worker s rights are marked by elements of the bourgeois liberal hegemonic ideology and which way these theories allow the construction of practices that only are compromised with the reproduction of the status quo. On the other hand, with a hermeneutic proposal which is compromised with the political decisions which had chosen the principles which are in the Constitution of the Republic, we elaborate a proposal of criterions of validity for the conventional clauses that import in negotiation of conditions of work related to human and fundamental rights of the worker human being.

A perspectiva de que a educação escolar é um direito inviolável em quaisquer circunstâncias é assumida nesta tese. Destarte, defende-se que não se pode continuar permitindo que os sujeitos abandonem a escola ou concluam-na sem desenvolver, de modo adequado, as competências fundamentais para seu agir social. Agregasse-se a essas considerações que o aprendizado de línguas estrangeiras na instituição escolar é legítimo e, quando promovido à luz da Dimensão intercultural, contribui com a formação de alunos dotados de competência intercultural, logo, preparados para conviver em um mundo globalizado e multicultural. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo interpretar como a Dimensão intercultural se configura nos Documentos Curriculares de Inglês para o ensino dessa língua estrangeira na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA). Para se atingir tal propósito, foram analisados Currículos de Língua Inglesa de cinco estados brasileiros para a EJA. A fim de se abordar a temática da EJA, recorreu-se a documentos legais e estudos recentes apresentados por Catelli Júnior (2017), Basegio e Borges (2013), Di Pierro (2017), entre outros. Para se refletir sobre o Currículo Escolar, partiu-se das contribuições de Silva (2019), Moreira e Tadeu (2011) e Sacristán (2017) como subsídios e, por fim, a Dimensão intercultural foi abordada, pautando-se nas pesquisas de Byram (2008; 2019), Hanna (2013; 2019), Jackson (2014), Giddens e Sutton (2017), Williams (2007), entre outros. Da análise realizada, concluiu-se que a maioria dos objetivos de ensino responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento da competência intercultural não são contemplados adequadamente pelos Currículos Estaduais nas diferentes regiões do Brasil, distanciando os estudantes de Inglês da Educação de Jovens e Adultos da oportunidade de repensar sua posição de sujeito individual e coletivo.

The teaching of science found in most Brazilian Primary and Preschools is characterized by low level science education. Teachers lack of deep knowledge of scientific concepts and the mechanical use of didactic guides, without deeper understanding of the field, result in unmeaning teaching for the children who loose the opportunity to acquire a good start in science education. This research analyses the contribution of science education workshops, The teaching of Science in an interdisciplinary approach developed in January and July of 2004 at the School of Education of the University of São Paulo, as part of a Teacher s Education Program (PEC- Formação Universitária) with the goal to help Primary and Preschool teachers to reflect upon and transform their ways of teaching Science. We want to found out the contributions of the workshops for their scientific education and for their work with the children in classroom. The research is a descriptive and analytical study developed in two phases: first, the development and analyses of the workshops and second, two case studies, one preschool teacher and one primary school teacher in their classrooms. The data collected and analyzed give evidence that there were important gains in teachers science education, related both to the acquisition of specific science knowledge, as also pedagogical teaching methods and approaches. On the other hand it also points out the need for public educational policies that include continuing education for teachers, pedagogical supervision and support for the development of collective team work in the schools, which are essential for each teacher to develop better ways of teaching.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie

This work consists in the analysis of the novel Everything was good-bye, by Gurjinder Basran, having the perspectives of Cultural Studies as the focus for the research. It centralizes the analysis of this literary work in the discussion about the divided identity of the protagonist character of the novel. It specifies within the concept of culture the questions related to cultural identity, that being important for the identity analysis of the main character, Meena, as the protagonist in question puts in doubt her Indian traditions when she compares herself to other Canadians with whom she is sociable. It presents the distinction between multiculturalism and interculturalism, to highlight the significance of the contact between the different cultures and what it results from this approximation. It discusses the diasporic movement, from narrative main family’s perspective, which has an Indian origin, but it resides in the Western side. It evidences the autofiction marks present in Gurjinder Basran (2010)’s novel, reinforcing the protagonist’s identity formation that it discusses. It analyses the protagonist’s position towards her family, her school and work colleagues and her three great loving relationships.

Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie

Rua Amaral Gurgel, Avenida São João, Praça Marechal Deodoro and Avenida General Olímpio da Silveira: above these roads and green areas was built in 1970 the Elevado Costa e Silva, popularly known as "Minhocão" -­‐ an elevated highway that caused a profound change in the urban landscape of these streets and their surroundings. Buildings got deteriorated, others were built. Much of the population who lived there abandoned their apartments, bringing poorer people moving in. New residents were attracted over the last few years. Green and empty areas that opened visual perspectives to important landscapes of the city were blocked. Sao Paulo received its first zoning in 1972, a new one in 2004 and the last -­‐ recently approved -­‐ in March 2016. This thesis will examine the changing of the urban landscape which the region has passed through in the last 45 years after the construction of this elevated highway, comparing the patrimony built (the conservation state of important old buildings and the construction of dozens of new developments in the recent housing boom), the urban design (streets, squares, subway implementation, bus and bike lanes), social modifications (resident population, regular visitors and activists) and the administrative and legal changes (planning legislation and administrative discontinuity). In order to show a more relevant comparison, it will shortly show the 45 years prior to the construction of Minhocão, as well as a brief history of the streets and their constructions.

This work deals with the lifestyle and the habits built and developed by the leaders of the Assemblies of God in Brazil and imposed upon its members over the years called uses and customs. Such practices were created and introduced in the community to separate it from the world and to help the believer in the process of sanctification. Very stringent in the early decades of the Twentieth century, these rules went through a process of relaxation due to industrial development and technological and social changes occurring in Brazil in the last decades. The prohibitions with respect to how to dress, sports, the use of television, movies, dances and various practices of entertainment still cause tension between the old and the new leaders of the Brazilian Assemblies of God. This work presents the historical roots of the modern Pentecostal movement, its insertion in Brazil, the birth and growth of the Assemblies of God in Brazil. It studies its main characters, the mechanisms and documents that show the creation and the effort to protect its followers from the worldly influences around him. This work also addresses the issues that challenge the Assemblies of God in the post-modernity, especially those related to bioethics.

Cerebral Palsy is characterized by a clinical picture impactful to development, bringing delay in the acquisition of motor skills, which can be or not, associated with other functional difficulties, necessitating therapeutic assistance throughout the cycles of life. For this, different strategies and therapeutic resources have been studied in order to provide development opportunities. Objectives: Identify the effects of a riding simulator on balance and respiratory function in a group of children with spastic cerebral palsy. Materials and Methods: Seventeen COP-affected children between 3 and 12 years of age took part in this study. The participants were divided into two groups, G1 (classified as GMFCS I and II) and G2 (GMFCS III and IV). All were evaluated before and after an intervention program with a therapeutic riding simulator that counted with 10 sessions of thirty minutes, in weekly frequency. For the assessment of the balance was Loran Engineering® baropodometric platform was used to analyze pressure spots in seated positions, both with open and closed eyes, in a stable situation (with footrest) and unstable situation (no support). The measurements of respiratory muscle strength pressures were made by using an analog manometer with calibrated WIKA® model, with operating range between 0 and ± 300 cmH2O and equipped with an air exhaust valve, in order to measure MIP and MEP. For pulse oximetry, a Fingertip Pulse oximeter was used to measure SpO2. Functional classification system GMFCS was used to functionally classify each child 10 therapy sessions were done with the riding simulator, for thirty minutes as movements to the step. Results. After statistical analysis, the effectiveness of the use of the simulator was witnessed in all the analyzed variables, which demonstrated improvements in the results for the COP X context, both unstable and stable. Para o COP Y, in the unstable situation with open eyes, there was statistical significance for the G1. When G2 was evaluated, a statistically significant response was observed only for COP Y, in the situation with eyes open, unstable and stable, as well as in variables and oximetry respiratory pressures. A significant difference was observed between the initial and final SpO2 measurements, in the 5th and 10th sessions, with respective 0.002 and 0.005 p-values. Expressive results in respiratory pressures were also observed, PImax and PEmax being significantly different in the mean PEmax between the 5th and 10th riding sessions in G2. Analyzes demonstrate significant intra-group differences in the 5th G1 session and the 5th and 10th G2 sessions. Conclusion: The equitation simulator proved to be an efficient means of improving balance and respiratory function.

Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie

Although we can not see any compatibility between the police activity and an active and healthy religiosity, "the tip of the iceberg" appeared when we became aware of the "Jesus Police Group" (GPJ), a consortium of civilian police aimed at providing spiritual support not only to officials of its category but also to other public agents of the security forces. In this sense, we will do a research by the Sciences of the Religion, which we will try to interpret if the religious message that the leaders have proclaimed is relevant to the policemen who participate of him, to the point of changing his police view of crime, the criminal and his own modus operandi, or if it is just another whimsical institution. In order for us to reach this conclusion, we will take the group as an object of study and investigate whether the agents of the Paulista Judicial Police (Civil Police of the State of São Paulo) and other public security agents and who are part of the Police of Jesus Group GPJ) have their practice shaped by a religious ethic that set them apart from other police officers, with a more pacifist discourse, but without cooling down in their legal duty.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

This thesis studies The Silmarillion, a work by J. R. R. Tolkien, in order to identify the mythic structure that underlies the fantasy literature. Myths reveal the sacred and the actions of the heroes and gods in illo tempore and, when taken to the literary work of J.R.R. Tolkien, they allow some thinking about the diferente aspects that are part of the fantasy literature. The Silmarillion can be understood both as a mythological compendium of myths and narratives, and as na expression of fantasy as a genre, what composes the foundation to the thought concerning the the creation of the Secondary World known, in the scope of Tolkien’s work, as Arda. The theoretical studies by Norhtrop Frye regarding the mythological structure presented in literature and the meaning and purport of myths, as well as the theoretical perspectives on fantasy literature as developed by Rosemary Jackson, Lucie Armitt and Farah Mendlesohn, provide the toolsto this study along with the essay by Tolkien known as On fairy stories, that delas with the functions of fairy stories, which can be harmonized with fantasy literature in this study. It is possible, thus, to verify that not only does Tolkien create a World which is the stage to the events in his Works, but also creates, even more specifically, a way to think and write myths in literature aiming to think about importante aspects of the Primary World, that is, the World understood as real. In order to understand the relationship established between the Primary and the Secondary Worlds, three categories which are based on the narrative are presented: the fall, the redemption, and the hope. When considered in the light of the mythological themes and the biblical narrative, they allow the understanding about the dianoia that underlies Tolkien’s narrative, mainly in The Silmarillion.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

O presente trabalho tem como motivação as iniciativas governamentais sobre a região conhecida como ‘Cracolândia’, mais especificamente, aquelas que marcaram o mês de maio de 2017, busca-se entender, através de uma volta ao passado, como a cidade se transforma permitindo a consolidação de uma dinâmica transitória em seu centro...

Acesso online; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tGZztUxvvJQ