RCAAP Repository

The present article aims to understand the arrival and growth of the rubber tree (Hevea spp.) in the western plateau of the São Paulo state, Brazil. To understand how the rubber tree experienced a boom in this region from the end of the 1980’s it will be necessary to go back few decades and recover the history of this important plant species in the most industrialized state of the country. This will be done with an approach defined as techno-environmental, that is, that puts in dialogue the environmental history with the anthropological and historical studies of the techniques.

The article presents aspects related to the creation and consolidation of the newspaper O Conciliador do Maranhão (1821-1823), one of the most regular and long-lived of the Portuguese-Brazilian world. Then, identifies, from letters, extracts from other newspapers and sessions of the Portuguese Court, the spaces that deserved special attention of the newspaper, highlighting Pernambuco and the region of the Prata, that allowed the newspaper to articulate the political dynamics of the captaincy / province of Maranhão to diverse political experiences, almost always taken as a counterpoint to the defense of the Portuguese constitutional monarchy and of the groups that made possible the existence of the newspaper. In order to explore such articulations, it prioritizes the end of the year 1821 and the beginning of 1822, time of regulation and election of the Government Councils in the Province of Maranhão; and the first months of 1823, a moment of political and military advance of the project of independence conceived from Rio de Janeiro, and that had as one of the unfoldings the incorporation of the province of Maranhão to the Empire of Brazil in July, 1823.

The present work aims to present the discourses produced on the natives in Santa Catarina through the press, especially in the press of Blumenau/ SC, in the context of the creation of SPILTN (Service of Protection to the Indian and Location of National Workers), which was inaugurated in 1910 by the federal government. The newspaper was the Der Urwaldsbote in the time cut from 1910 to 1914. Newspapers are to be apprehended as historical sources, not as an “expression of the truth” of an age or as impartial conductors in the “transmission of information”, but as one of the instruments by which society interprets and re-elaborates their perceptions, therefore produces speeches. The article analyzes how indigenous people were perceived in the press at the threshold of the elaboration and implementation of a national policy for the indigenous issue, concomitantly with the progress that was under way in the country and the issue of immigration and colonization.

The present article proposes the reflection not only on the office of the historian, but of his activity as a political agent. Starting from a brief rescue of the etymology of the words history and politics, in this research we discuss the role played in the writing of history and the force of the political decisions of those who produce it. The activity of the historian occurs from the delimitation of several prisms, such as the choice of objects, methodologies and theoretical contributions, which contributes to the identification of the position of the professional, in the same way as the political character of the historian’s activity. This paper tries to present some answers to questions about the activity of the historian as a political gesture and the writing of historiographical texts, as well as the impossibility of being considered exempt or neutral.

The sport, during the 19th century, was one of the main cultural manifestations worldwide spread by the British. As an important custom, it was usual to create clubs where they settled. The practice also spread out by the ships of his mighty navy (merchant and war). Faced as a sign of civilization and progress, in various cities the habit was emulated, since own readings that considered the material limits and cultural peculiarities. In this study, we are interested in the apprehensions about what happened in other countries by those who were involved with the conformation of the sporting field in Brazil, especially those positions that were spread by the press of Rio de Janeiro. We consider that, in 19th century, newspapers and magazines became important public arenas, forums for publicity, discussion and formation of opinions. Thus, the purpose of this article is to discuss, in the sporting periodicals published in Rio de Janeiro in that century, the circulation of ideas about sport from England, France and Argentina, nations in which the field was better structured. Because of its profile, special attention was given to Semana Sportiva magazine. In these research efforts, we try to take a look at our process of adherence to the ideals and imaginary of modernity.

The Caio Prado Júnior´s speech for the Juca Pato prize, read in the auditorium of the Folha de S.Paulo, during the night of march 28, 1967, is, in this article, an opportunity of incursion into the intellectual history of a period marked by the transition from a democratic public sphere to an authoritarian public sphere. The award came from the repercussion reached by the book A revolução brasileira, the first major reflection on the errors committed by the progressive sectors, in the final conjuncture of the Republic of 1946. In your speech, the historian dealt with the responsibility of the intellectual to face the closing of horizons and future perspectives of a country that still lived an unfinished modernity. The expectation as to the future of Brazil, in a moment of crisis of institutions of democratic representation, leads to a reflection on historical time in social thought.

The typographers, by the very nature of their activity, which presupposed the mastery of reading, writing and of the process of production of printed matters, were among the most active professional in the launching of publications, whether as managers or collaborators. Their periodicals were designed to deal with specific issues of their occupation, but there were also those that extrapolated the problems related to the graphic workshops and discussed the conditions of workers in general. Thus, in different latitudes, these typographers were among the first ones to organize themselves into associations and to articulated their demands and criticize social order. In this article, we focus on Revista Tipográfica, which circulated in Rio de Janeiro between 1888 and 1890. We will analyse the publication from a historical perspective, when providing an overview of its organizers, characteristics and trajectory. It is important to highlight the perception that the typographers had towards their profession, their own representation and the current standard of typographic art in Brazil. During the period that the magazine circulated, the more sophisticated publications, with regard to the physical quality such as A Ilustração (Paris, 1884-1892), had to be produced beyond national borders.

This article argues that during the first half of the twentieth century, alongside the effort to construct a “scientific and modern” narrative of Brazilian history, it was also produced a historical narrative that could be taught to a large audience. It mobilized many intellectuals – historians, writers, editors, plastic artists, etc. – creating a matrix that became part of the political culture and republican historical culture of the country. Here we analyze a paradigmatic example of this type of narrative: the historical novel A Marquesa de Santos, written by Paulo Setúbal and published in 1925. 

La decisión del caricaturista portugues Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro de trabajar en Brasil en 1875 presentó desafíos y experiencias importantes para la carrera del artista. En su colaboración en el periódico ilustrado y satírico O Mosquito (1869-1877) fue necesario conquistar al público de un país que, aunque culturalmente cercano a Portugal, tenía sus peculiaridades. Convivió con otros caricaturistas, compartió vivencias y experimentó un medio periodístico competitivo, a veces hostil a su condición de “extranjero”. A partir del concepto de “transferencia cultural” el cual propone analizar las relaciones entre América Latina y Europa desde una perspectiva no jerárquica, pero como “intercambios multilaterales” (COMPAGNON, 2005), la propuesta del artículo es analizar algunas de las estrategias de Bordalo en sus momentos iniciales en Brasil, así como sus diálogos con otros artistas y periódicos ilustrados.

In this article, we will evaluate the importance of the Anhanguera newspaper as the main media vehicle for the dissemination of the ideology of the Flag Movement in the middle of 1937. To this end, we will discuss the ideological bases of this movement, its members and the way of disseminating its ideas, at the same time, we will point out how this newspaper was received between military and civilians. A final highlight of this article will be the way the editors of the newspaper Anhanguera criticized the figure of Getúlio Vargas and defended the candidacy of Armando de Salles to the Presidency of the Republic. In order to develop this study, we will count on the contributions of Norbert Elias, Roger Chartier and Tania Regina de Luca, so that these authors will help us to understand the articulation of a “society of individuals” through the Anhanguera newspaper, which has as social habitus the appropriation of the literary representations of the bandeirante paulista stuffed by political representations.In this article, we will evaluate the importance of the Anhanguera newspaper as the main media vehicle for the dissemination of the ideology of the Flag Movement in the middle of 1937. To this end, we will discuss the ideological bases of this movement, its members and the way of disseminating its ideas, at the same time, we will point out how this newspaper was received between military and civilians. A final highlight of this article will be the way the editors of the newspaper Anhanguera criticized the figure of Getúlio Vargas and defended the candidacy of Armando de Salles to the Presidency of the Republic. In order to develop this study, we will count on the contributions of Norbert Elias, Roger Chartier and Tania Regina de Luca, so that these authors will help us to understand the articulation of a “society of individuals” through the Anhanguera newspaper, which has as social habitus the appropriation of the literary representations of the bandeirante paulista stuffed by political representations.

This is a study of cultural history that intends to analyse the importance of the international gatherings for the history of the press and journalism. The congresses and their theoretical work provided an important contribution to the exposure and the deepening of those issues that, in the Lisbon Congress, led to the approval of a directive by which each national association should promote journalism within higher education. Centred in this event demonstrates how, without losing completely the sense of mission, journalism became a regulated profession and the journalist a professional with rights and duties inherent in that condition. In connection, the beginnings of the press as mega-industry and the position of the journalist as an employee in the cultural and political global context, with all the class associations, the alliances and social cleavages that this growth caused along the 20th century were patent in the debate occurred in Lisbon, substantiating it in a particularly decisive period of the evolution of democratic society. As a symptom of growth and adaptation, the debate during the Congress crisscrossed several important positions regarding the evolution of journalism, both as an idea and a concept, and as a profession. In addition tobeing a contribution to the research of the history of the press and its main actors in a little-studied chapter the international relations of the press, the relevance of this study lies in the fact of opening for current debates and reflection helping to understand the failures and achievements of contemporaneity.

Resenha de: MILLER, James Rodger. Skyscrapers hide the heavens: a history ofIndian-White relations in Canada. University of Toronto Press, 2017.

Transatlantic e/immigration in the nineteenth century until the middle of the twentieth century, in addition to population displacement, put into circulation the writings of itself - letters, travel reports, autobiographies -, with the purpose of sending news to those who remained. These private writings contributed to promote emigration and the propaganda of the colonies in formation, or to denounce the situation of emigrants abroad. In this context, the present study deals with German e/immigration and private colonization in the northwest of Rio Grande do Sul in the beginning of the 20th century. Its objective is to analyze the representations of the colony and its settlers present in the writings of German immigrants, established in the private colony Neu-Württemberg, municipality of Cruz Alta and Palmeira, gathered and published in the Korrespondenzblatt von Dr. Herrmann Meyer’s Ackerbaukolonien, published in Leipzig, Germany, in May 1903, with two numbers. This is a reproduction of articles and letters from German immigrants published in the German press and in the ethnic press of Rio Grande do Sul, selected by Herrmann Meyer, owner of the Colonization Company Dr. Hermann Meyer, put into circulation with the aim of publicizing their colonization enterprise and attracting/convincing potential emigrants. Therefore, the material studied brings signs of the colonization project; delimits the place of speech and the social networks of Meyer; opens space for speech of the immigrant, represented by the colonist and the woman; and highlights the role of the press in the popularization of possible destinies for German e/immigrants in the South of Brazil.

The paper aims to analyze narratives published in 1991 and 1992 by the Journal of Entre Rios in commemoration of the 40th’ birthday of the district founding, in Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil. Entre Rios’s district was founded between March 1951 and January 1952, with the settlement of 2,500 refugee immigrants of World War II coming from areas of the former Yugoslavia, Hungary and Romania, who collectively identify themselves as Danube Swabian and had been exiled since 1944 in Austria. The focus of this paper is to analyze how the events are narrated by the referred newspaper, articulating them to different temporalities. The narratives involved about: the past of the group of Europe, the early years in Brazil, the present of the community and their expectations of the future, relating ideas about time, history and agricultural development of Entre Rios.

The objective of this paper is to describe the different ways in which the reception and circulation of the ideas of the left (freedom, equality, union and resistance) occurred, within the framework of the mobility of two popular intellectuals from Brazil and Colombia, during the first decades of the twentieth century. From a comparative perspective I will locate the forms of circulation through the deployment of both spatial and temporal scales, establishing rhythms, continuities and ruptures as constitutive elements of the circulation processes. For the Brazilian case, I will turn to the figure of Abilio de Nequete (Fiha, Líbano, 1888 - Porto Alegre, 7 de agosto de 1960). In Colombia, I will identify the trajectory of Raúl Eduardo Mahecha (El Guamo, octubre 13 de 1884 - Bogotá, julio 17 de 1940). Based on this comparison, I will maintain, in terms of hypotheses, that the circulation of ideas at the individual level made it possible that, around ideas, circulation networks were created that enabled their appropriation within the popular sectors. Process that was not only given by the intrinsic strength of the ideas themselves, but by the charisma of the subjects and their image as intellectual-popular. In this way, a double process of intellectual and popular constitution was organized within the framework of the circulation of ideas.

The article deals with the dissemination, translation and recreation of the book De la Liberté des Peuples et des Droits des Monarques Appelés à les Gouverner (1818) by author Civique de Gastine (1793-1822) in the publications of Correio do Rio de Janeiro of 1822. His editor João Soares Lisboa is considered one of the most radical writers of the province who acted in Brazil’s Independence process and was the first and only to be condemned for “republican collusion” in the history of the Empire. Thanks to the dissemination and participation in the writing of the Representação do Povo do Rio de Janeiro, which asked for the convening of Cortes in Brazil to the Prince Regent D. Pedro, his career became a mandatory mention in the narratives about the history of the Independence process Brazil, both to value its initiative and to explain his radicalism. Nevertheless, it is possible to analyze his engagement and development of the ideas of citizenship, participation and popular sovereignty in a constitutional monarchy through the dissemination, circulation, cultural exchange and recreation of Ibero-American publications, especially the work of Civique de Gastine. An author barely published in the periodicals of the time, he is remembered as “abolitionist” because of his works which advocated the abolition of slavery and the indepenence of St. Dominic. Given this scenario, João Soares Lisboa is responsible for his translation and rereading, in order to disseminate his ideas as his main theoretical reference and, at the same time, make them possible as a constitutional monarchy for Brazil in the eyes of a writer and dealer belonging to a group of liberals formed by the mercantile practice and printed in circulation, especially in the late eighteenth century.

The Plano Real from abroad: an analysis of the Anglo-American economic press on Brazil’s economic stabilization. The following paper intends to analyze how the world’s most influential publications with a focus on economic affairs (The Economist, Financial Times, New York Times e Wall Street Journal) perceived the unveiling of the Real Plan. The main focus here will be to analyze the Anglo-American perception about the Brazilian economy at that time. The time frame of the analysis spans from early 1993 until mid 1994, after the Real Plan was in full motion and the presidential election was concluded. This research intends to highlight the preconceived notions about Latin America and its lack of economic development, as well as the way all these aspects have shaped the publication perception about the Brazilian events.

This article will address a topic still little explored by historiography: the political thinking of the Brazilian press in the post-war “democratic period” (1946-1964). Analyzes about the political positioning of the main newspapers of the country are quite frequent. However, such works are mainly devoted to identifying the partisan political affiliation of the periods and the possible strategies of “information manipulation”. In some cases, we find research that focuses on the ideological preferences of print, but even here, the principle that newspapers are only reproducers of the interests of the groups and / or social classes that would control them prevails. Contrary to this general trend, our article aims to explore the newspaper Correio da Manhã’s view of Brazilian political democracy during the Second Vargas Government (1951-1954). Our intention is not to identify the positioning of this journal on Getúlio’s management, already well explored by historiography. On the contrary, we intend, based on the arguments used to evaluate the democratic regime, to present the negative diagnosis that this important carioca print makes of this regime, indicating, even in the 1950s, its fragile commitment to the existing democratic institutions. As a key reading about this position, we will relate the newspaper’s view in its spaces of opinion with the ideas of thinker Azevedo Amaral about Brazilian politics in the 1920-1930s. Remember that Amaral was an important writer and editor of the Courier and had a great influence on its main journalists, notably Pedro Costa Rêgo, editor of the newspaper during the period studied.

This article reviews the cultural landscape of the first half of the Cuban twentieth century from a perspective anchored in the historical sociology of scientific knowledge, the history of literature, science and thought, art theory and the sociology of culture. It takes as an excuse the cultural essay of Jorge Mañach and his link with editorial projects such as the advance magazine and intellectual initiatives such as the Universidad del Aire to delimit the impact of these moments in the gradual process of autonomy and legitimization of the Cuban cultural thought evident in the work of this author. It also helps to reveal the specific forms of intellectual sociability, generated from the life and work of this author,

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