RCAAP Repository

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Educação Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, Mestrado em Educação Física, 2013.

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo, 2013.

The bioactive compounds content and the antioxidant activity (AA) of twelve fruits native to the Cerrado were compared with the Red Delicious apple by means of the antiradical efficiency (using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil assay/DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and the b-carotene/linoleic system. The antiradical efficiency (AE) and the kinetic parameters (Efficient concentration/EC50 and time needed to reach the steady state to EC50 concentration/TEC50) of the DPPH curve were also evaluated for comparison with the Trolox equivalent (TE) values. A strong, significant and positive correlation was observed between the TE and AE values, whereas a weak and negative correlation was observed between TE and EC50, suggesting that the values of AE and TE are more useful for the determination of antiradical activity in fruits than the widely used EC50. The total phenolic content found in the fruits corresponded positively to their antioxidant activity. The high content of bioactive compounds (flavanols, anthocyanins or vitamin C) relative to the apple values found in araticum, cagaita, cajuzinho, jurubeba, lobeira, magaba and tucum corresponded to the high antioxidant activity of these fruits. Flavanols and anthocyanins may be the main bioactive components in these Cerrado fruits. The daily consumption of at least seven of the twelve Cerrado fruits studied, particularly, araticum, cagaita, lobeira and tucum, may confer protection against oxidative stress, and thus, they may prevent chronic diseases and premature aging. The findings of this study should stimulate demand, consumption and cultivation of Cerrado fruits and result in sustainable development of the region where this biome dominates.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Educação, 2008.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, 2013.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Relações Internacionais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Relações Internacionais, 2013.

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciência da Informação, 2013.

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, 2013.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, 2013.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Centro de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação Sobre as Américas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos Comparados Sobre as Américas, 2013.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Economia, Centro de Estudos em Regulação de Mercados, 2013.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Departamento de Antropologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social, 2014.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, 2013.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, 2014.

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciência da Informação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação, 2013.

Flooding throughout the Pantanal is seasonal. The complex vegetative cover and high seasonal productivity support a diverse and abundant fauna. A gradient in flood level supports a range of major habitats in a complex mosaic with annual seasonality. The rivers and streams are lined with gallery forests, and other arboreal habitats exist in the more elevated areas. The remainder is either grasslands or seasonally flooded grasslands. The regional flora and fauna are adapted to annual water fluctuation. However, an inter-annual series of higher or lower rainfalls has caused either severe floods or drastic dry seasons. Large scale climate phenomena such as greenhouse gases, El Niño and La Niña influence the seasonality of floods and droughts in the Pantanal. Knowledge of severe floods and droughts, which characterize natural disasters, is fundamental for wildlife management and nature conservation of the Pantanal. Plants and wild animals, for example, are affected by tree mortality in riparian forest after extreme flooding, with consequent habitat modification for wild animals. In addition, human activities are also affected since cattle ranching and ecotourism are economically important in the region, and when seasons with unusual floods or droughts occur, areas with human settlements are impacted.

The Pantanal is fed by tributaries of the Upper Paraguay River in the center of South America, mainly in Brazil. The landscape is marked by contrasts between the seasonally floodplain (Pantanal) and the surrounding highland (Planalto). The floodplain regulates highland riverine discharge by temporarily storing water during flood season and can enhance water loss by evapotranspiration and infiltration. The flood level gradient creates a range of major habitats in a complex mosaic of annual and pluri-annual seasonal patterns. The Pantanal ecosystem is characterized by recurrent shallow water flooding near the surface of the substrate, due to the slow drainage of the vast plain inundated for longer, with variable conditions regarding to physical, chemical, and biological traits. Water discharge, geomorphology, type of soil and biodiversity are the main ecosystem components of the Pantanal. The complex vegetation cover and the seasonal productivity support a diverse and abundant fauna. Many endangered species still occur in health population conditions, including jaguar (Panthera onca). Waterfowl are exceptionally abundant during the dry season. Deforestation with the loss of natural habitats and their associated biodiversity in the Pantanal has been drastic during the last decades, particularly in the upland region of the Cerrado plateaus surrounding the flooding plain. Another threat is unsustainable agricultural and cattle ranching practices, which convert the natural vegetation into pastures and plantation crops such as soybean, especially on the surrounding plateaus where the river springs are located. Fires caused by humans are severe and have become part of the annual productivity cycle for cattle ranch owners. Recently there has been river flow modification due to implantation of small hydroelectric plants on the upland plateaus. The aim of this study is to put together a comprehensive report on the role of the flood pulse on the biodiversity using our research experience in the region and also reviewing published information. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, Faculdade de Tecnologia, 2013.

Cinco saguis-de-rabo-preto, Callithrix (Mico) melanura, foram acompanhados por radiotelemetria como parte do projeto de monitoramento da fauna translocada pelo enchimento do reservatório do rio Manso, Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil (14° 52’ S e 55° 48’ W). Os animais foram monitorados por até oito meses, entre outubro de 2000 e agosto de 2001. Registrou-se apenas um óbito entre os animais translocados. Os dois casais restantes estabeleceram áreas domiciliares estáveis após algum deslocamento que se poderia chamar exploratório. O tamanho das áreas domiciliares variou entre 0,72 e 4,27 km2. A sobreposição das áreas domiciliares de macho e fêmea, em cada casal, foi de 0,59 a 2,30 km2, e os deslocamentos dos indivíduos não eram aleatórios, mas sim na mesma direção, indicando que os animais andavam juntos, e não dispersos. Os resultados demonstram ser viável a translocação de Callithrix (Mico) melanura sem comprometer a sobrevivência da maioria dos animais translocados. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Ciência da Computação, 2013.