RCAAP Repository

Concrete is one of the most consumed materials in the world. However, the use of conventional aggregates added to the mixture is related to a series of environmental impacts resulting from the extraction of the raw material. The use of expanded polystyrene (EPS) in the concrete dosages constitutes an effective way of guaranteeing greater lightness to the mixture, since it allows the economy of conventional aggregate. Although it is a relatively new composite material, lightweight concrete with expanded polystyrene has been studied in several universities around the world, mainly due to its low specific mass and thermal insulation capacity.

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This study evaluated the chlorine consumption of the Microcystis aeruginosa species present in blooms in water supply sources, since the legislation requires the minimum maintenance of free residual chlorine should be 0.2 mg.L-1 or 2 mg.L-1 of combined residual chlorine and a residue from 3 to 5 mg.L-1 after 7 days. Chlorine gas analyzes were performed in laboratory scale: 8 dosages for 30 minutes and 24 hours tests and 7 dosages for 7 days. The results showed high chlorine consumption, what can be related to by-products formation of chlorination in the water treatment.

The Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Fluminense, despite its wide academic experience in the environmental sciences, carries out environmental management, separately. The aim of this study is to evaluate the sustainability level of the Quissamã Campus, guided by conventional Ecological Footprint (PE) methodology. CO2 emissions from fuel consumption, electric power, water, paper and built-up areas were evaluated. In 2014, the campus issued 99.8 tCO2, which could be neutralized by plants grown in the region, such as eucalyptus (PE = 8 haG), pasture (PE = 16 haG) or sugarcane (PE = 4 haG). Preventive measures (consumption of less polluting items) and mitigation measures (crops) are proposed to minimize the PE of this educational institution.

This paper analyzes the limits and perspectives of access to health services for diagnostic investigation and treatment of abnormal Pap smears. It presents research conducted with women at the Reference Center for the Treatment of Women (CRTM) in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes (RJ), Brazil. Its results show scheduled appointment within a period of no more than 30 days, and follow-up in accordance with national cervical cancer control guidelines. However, there were difficulties related to a defect in the examination device and misplaced exams, as well as related to the articulation with the hospital network, for the purpose of procedures and/or treatments, including oncology ones.

The debate on cultural diversity has been one of the main topics of discussion in the field of education. Law 11.645 / 2008 establishes as mandatory the inclusion of the theme "Afro-Brazilian and indigenous history and culture" in the National Education Guidelines Law of 1996 (LDB 9394 / 96) and in the official curriculum of the educational network. This implies the need to address the issue in the teaching and curriculum of basic education, which covers elementary and secondary education. In this sense, the present study seeks to reflect on the importance of education in the intercultural perspective, facing the presence of different peoples, social groups and cultures in the school context. Faced with this, we are challenged to think how important it is that educational processes work in the perspective of valuing these social groups, their different customs and their ways of being in the world. Starting off this premise, and seeking to contemplate also the aforementioned law, we propose possibilities of working contents that value the indigenous culture and the reality of the students.    

This article aims to analyze the main determinants of income inequality in Brazil for the year of 2015. The Fields method, which consists of regression-based decomposition, is used. The results show that education and labor market are the most relevant factors to explain the income inequality in Brazil.  

The article aims to analyze the work of social workers at a hospital in a city in the northern region of Rio de Janeiro State (Brazil), through the study of the professional profile, routine work and demands targeted to Social Work. Methodologically, it was based on bibliographic and field research. The results indicate that the work of social workers can be characterized by administrative and assistance activities, based on the immediate and singularity of the subjects, through information and, to a lesser extent, an attempt to understand the social determinants of their illness. In this context, the institutional organization, centered in the medical-biological treatment of the disease, is presented as one of the objective determinants of the work.

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In the forest harvesting activity, regardless of the degree of mechanization, human labor will always be present, which requires proper planning to reduce the rates of accidents and occupational diseases that have accumulated in Brazil. In the period from 2007 to 2016, there were a total of 18,934 records in planted forest activities in the country. Despite the variety of risk assessment techniques available in the literature, the forest sector, especially the forest harvest, lacks its own process that can carry out this planning and it is easy to understand and apply. Thus, the objective of this research was to establish the matrix as a support tool to assess the level of risk, which includes the analysis of the frequency of the activity, the likelihood of the risk event and the severity of the injury, according to national parameters already observed. The construction of the matrix used as methods the study of Brazilian researchers and the British standard of occupational health and safety management. As a result, a matrix with four risk categories was obtained: low, moderate, high and critical, ranging from 1 to 36 in order to establish a risk assessment process that considers the frequency of activity and probability and severity of the accident.  

This essay presents reflections about the sociability rules established in societies, which historically reify relations of hierarchical powers among the different social segments. It discusses the paradox between the legally achieved progress and social disparities in the country. It addresses the recognition policies as an important inequality reduction device, indicating that they seek to give materiality to contemporary democracy, recognizing the unequal treatment of subordinated groups. The reflections raised in the study also warn about the exercise of the investigative and political nature of the social worker's practice as a condition for the construction of emancipatory proposals and the promotion of social equality.      

The noise consists of an important environmental risk in the routine of the workers in a grain storage facility. Its most common effects on the worker involve hearing loss, sleep problems, heart problems, stress at home and work, and difficulty communicating during his activities. Thus, this work investigated the noise levels to which workers are exposed in a medium-sized company that operates in grain storage in the southern of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). In this way, at first the survey and characterization of the company's facilities were carried out; then, the noise indices were collected. Finally, the collected data and the discussion of the results were processed. Evidence indicates that actions of improvements aimed at reducing noise exposure should take precedence over external elements of the company's infrastructure, in this case represented by the flow of heavy vehicles (trucks) at its facilities.  

This study aims to evaluate the incidence and damage of onion thrips in two systems of soil management with no-tillage in the straw in the organic system and in the conventional system with soil tillage, and its relation with productivity. The onion cultivar used in the study was Epagri 362 Crioula Alto Vale. The study was conducted in 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017. The incidence of thrips in most evaluations was lower in the organic system with no-tillage in the straw, presenting lower density of plants compared to the conventional one. Leaf damage caused by thrips tended to be similar in the two systems. Productivity was not negatively correlated with incidence and damage of thrips. Productivity was superior in the conventional system.  

The leaves of the species Guapira pernambucensis were submitted to chemical profile analysis and evaluation of antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. The presence of triterpenes, steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins and phenolics was identified. The antioxidant activity and flavonoid analysis showed an EC50 = 280.90 ± 1.15 ?g/mL and 20.4 ± 0.50 mg ER/g extract, respectively. The cytotoxicity against Artemia salina larvae presented an LD50 = 171 ?g/mL. The study showed a low antioxidant capacity, despite the presence of flavonoids, and a moderate cytotoxicity.  

This review article, product of bibliographical research, problematizes the naturalization of social inequalities as a Brazilian sociocultural heritage. The paper provides an analytical review of the rural society (Colonial) and the ascendancy phase of the city’s culture (Republican) in the country. The objective is to identify elements of this inheritance that shape the main dualisms and antagonisms in the 21st century. The assumption is that Brazilian modernity, presided over by personalistic values of an enslaved rural aristocracy, failed to transform the individual into a universal category. The result is emergence and naturalization of the phenomenon of sub-citizenship as a consequence of the abandonment of economically, socially and culturally disinherited subjects.

The objective of this study was to estimate sludge production in the decanters at the Funil Water Treatment Station, located in Ouro Preto, Brazil, in order to provide subsidies to comply with current legislation regarding the design of Waste Treatment Units. To estimate sludge production - in the form of total solids and volatile solids - empirical equations found in the literature were applied, using, as input parameters, the data from the Funil Station, provided by the Municipal Water and Sewage Service. Among the equations used, those formulated by Franco (2009) presented greater proximity to the model suitable for the Funil Station.

The article derives from the union of professors of campus Arraial do Cabo, IFRJ, around the creation, existence and bankruptcy of the Companhia Nacional de Álcalis in the municipality of Arraial do Cabo (Brazil). It is a preliminary effort to create a corpus that allows common actions: teaching, research and extension activities related to the imbroglio caused by the company. There is an immense environmental liability, made up of social and identity changes, pollution and landscape transformations and legal processes. Under the developmentalism, Álcalis was created; the rise of neoliberal policies has privatized it; today the bankrupt estate agonizes and causes intense disputes.  

The aim of the present study was to contribute to the graduate training program of the students of the Pedagogy Course of the Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF). For that purpose, mini-courses were carried out, addressing the theme "Types and Textual Genres", combining theory and practice during content exposition. The theoretical basis was the assumptions of Textual Linguistics. For data collection and analysis, questionnaires were applied before and after the mini-courses, in order to evaluate and compare the knowledge of the participants about the proposed theme. The mini-courses were carried out for students from different periods of the Pedagogy Course, but all of the mini-courses addressed the same didactic content. It is worth mentioning that the participants entered higher education in different ways: the first group, hereinafter referred to as Pedagogy, entered through SISU - Unified Selection System; the second group, referred to as PARFOR, has entered higher education through the National Teacher Training Plan (PARFOR). Regarding the performance of the classes, it was noticed that the students from the Pedagogy group demonstrated better understanding of the content compared to the students of PARFOR group, which caused some astonishment since PARFOR representatives are already education professionals. It is understood, therefore, that this work contributed to a re-evaluation of current pedagogical practices in the training process of these professionals.

The Distance Education modality has become a relevant tool to consolidate access to education and promote digital inclusion of populations with low access to technological resources. The “Centro de Educação Aberta e a Distância da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto” offers this modality for the “Sustainable and Alive Schools” course, which includes the states of Acre, Amapá, Minas Gerais, Pará, Bahia and Rio de Janeiro providing sustainability practices to academic communities of municipal and state schools. In this context, this study sought to optimize resources and provide economic and environmental gains in the Araguaia student support center, in Pará.

  The article aims to address Latin American environmentalism, represented in the counter-hegemonic struggles of environmental and rural education. After the 2008 financial crisis, the US turned its attention to Latin America, interested in the exploitation of primary resources. In this context, environmental education and rural education have had an important role in creating critical awareness of individuals and environmental knowledge. The first part analyzes environmentalism as a resistance movement. Then, the emancipatory character of environmental education and rural education is emphasized. Finally, it is proposed a rural education opposed to the agribusiness model.