RCAAP Repository

Work activities can expose workers to various occupational hazards in the Brazilian forestry segment. More specifically in the semi-mechanized forest harvest, the activity of chainsaws is one that deserves to be highlighted, considering the variety of risk agents to which this function is daily exposed. Among the several risks the chainsaw operator is exposed to, this research carried out the evaluation of the physical agent occupational heat at the Municipality of Almeirim in Pará State (Brazil) in two consecutive days in July 2017, and related the results to the highest level allowed according to current regulations. It was observed that exposure to occupational heat exceeded the limit allowed in several periods of the workday, indicating the possibility of damage to the workers' health. This research also showed that it is impossible to apply the results of the evaluation of occupational heat from one region to another, because they may vary according to the climate, the day and the time of the year.  

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Brazil has great solar radiation due to its geographic location; therefore, photovoltaic solar energy (PVSE) is a sustainable alternative for electricity production. Among the applications of the PVSE is the pumping of water for irrigation. Thus, the present work has the objective of analyzing the efficiency of a photovoltaic system of water pumping for irrigation of a greenhouse located at the Federal Fluminense Institute campus Campos Guarus, as well as to scale and implant such a system in the campus facilities. This study was structured into four stages: sizing, assembly, monitoring of physical and electrical quantities, and calculation of the system performance. Regression Analysis method was applied using BioEstat software version 5.3 in order to identify the correlation between solar irradiation, flow rate, efficiency and ambient temperature variables. With this methodology, it was possible to verify that the average efficiency of the pumping system was 49.41%, meeting the requirements for irrigation. In addition, it was observed that the solar irradiation influenced both the flow rate and the efficiency of the system. However, the ambient temperature had no influence on flow and efficiency. Therefore, the data were not conclusive, requiring a longer period of measurements to validate the relationship of the variables with the temperature.  

This study aimed to disseminate the role of the Social Workers in the Male Family Planning Program carried out at a public hospital in the city of João Pessoa (Brazil), a reference in vasectomy, a permanent birth control method. The charts of men who underwent this procedure were analyzed. The study confirmed the importance of this program in the dissemination of information and the need for its expansion and restructuring. It was noted that it is necessary to train health professionals to assist men, implementing strategies so that they are more active in family planning actions, as well as a change of paradigms with respect to vasectomy.      

The objective of this work is to provide a broad application methodology for the identification and treatment of building pathologies and to promote the relevance of predictive maintenance in the technical environment, aiming to reduce costs. For that, six original methodological studies about the study process of pathologies in buildings were analyzed. It was verified that the better the inspection of a building, the less the chance of errors when prescribing the corrections. The methodology developed has a pyramidal configuration in order to indicate the dependence among the stages of the pathological study. They are from the bottom up: inspection, diagnosis, prognosis and intervention.

This text presents reflections about the “Escola sem Partido (ESP)” movement, which had its genesis in 2014. Like other conservative movements that have taken place in North America, the “ESP” states to fight against “the political and ideological indoctrination of students by teachers”, and the “usurpation of parental rights in the moral and religious education of their children.” Behind the naive assertion of a neutral school defense there are banners that are poorly understood, but very well-articulated with religious conservatives, market, and elitist sectors that see public education as threatening to their privileges.

Poultry farming in agroecological-based systems is considered a viable option for the diversification of income in family agriculture, with the sale of quality meat and eggs, contributing to the food and nutritional security of the consumer market. However, it presents a certain complexity, requiring knowledge of the recommended management techniques to obtain successful rearing. Therefore, this work aims to show, through bibliographical research, the requirements and recommendations inherent to the breeding of birds in agroecological-based production systems according to the recommendations of the current legislation.

The objective of this study was to compare the characteristics of the cabotia experimental hybrid (HC05) with commercial Tetsukabuto F1 (TET). The genotypes were divided according to their mass (kg), and were evaluated for quality properties. The color parameters evaluated did not present a significant difference, although the hybrid presented visual difference from the commercial variety. It can be concluded that the fruit mass did not influence the concentration of the compounds, but an inferiority of HC05 was observed with respect to the relevant quality characteristics in pumpkins, such as soluble solids content, carotenoids and vitamin C.

La ecología acústica, considerada una nueva ciencia, estudia los patrones de sonido de un entorno mediante el análisis de los factores biofónicos, geofónicos y antropofónicos del paisaje acústico, que se pueden cuantificar y calificar. En este trabajo, se desarrolló un sistema autónomo para capturar y registrar el paisaje acústico de dos fragmentos en un área de restinga de Río de Janeiro, y se elaboró un pequeño catálogo con la caracterización primaria del paisaje acústico de estas áreas. Este trabajo nos permitió comenzar una base de datos para el monitoreo futuro de la calidad ambiental de la restinga de la Región de los Lagos, además de señalar algunas sugerencias para futuras investigaciones.

La cultura Hip-hop se organizó en los guetos estadounidenses en 1970 y con el proceso de globalización pronto llega a las periferias brasileñas. A partir de la ciudad de Curitiba (Brasil), se verifica que los mismos agentes que criminalizan al Hip-hop, como los grandes medios, se apropian y utilizan sus elementos en la industria cultural, en pro de intereses propios, en general, políticos y financieros. Considerando que al principio este movimiento fue herramienta de respuesta a la represión social, ¿qué significa tal apropiación en la manifestación y en la dinámica del Hip-hop con el individuo? Esta investigación busca problematizar esa apropiación utilizando métodos cualitativos en nuestro recorte urbano.  

Este artículo tiene como objetivo comprender las prácticas religiosas de los jóvenes católicos en el contexto de la Jornada Mundial de la Juventud (JMJ), celebrada en Río de Janeiro en 2013, a partir de una investigación empírica realizada con un grupo de jóvenes católicos de la Parroquia del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús, en Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ, Brasil. Presentamos inicialmente los aspectos demográficos de la población joven de este municipio delimitados por el perfil religioso según los datos del Censo 2010 del Instituto Brasileño de Geografía y Estadística (IBGE) y la tendencia a la baja del catolicismo identificada en este censo. Considerando este marco analítico, enfocamos algunas dinámicas religiosas en la preparación de jóvenes campistas en la JMJ.

Este artículo busca comprender el papel de la filosofía, las teorías de la educación y el conocimiento en la construcción de la sociedad y en la formación del individuo. Este estudio objetiva dilucidar los ideales de educación y formación del hombre a través de un aspecto histórico y filosófico. Se presentarán las concepciones teóricas de algunos pensadores clásicos, desde la antigua Grecia, a través de Alejandría, hasta la modernidad, y, finalmente, se destacarán las tendencias y perspectivas actuales sobre la educación y la sociedad. La educación está objetivada, y en este sentido la filosofía demuestra su importancia, colaborando en la reflexión sobre el tipo de formación adecuada.

Este artículo presenta los resultados de la investigación sobre abandono, permanencia y éxito escolar en el curso Técnico en Informática Integrado a la Escuela Secundaria del Instituto Federal de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología de Río de Janeiro (IFRJ). El objetivo fue evaluar la influencia de las dimensiones socioeconómicas y académicas en el abandono de los cursos técnicos integrados en la escuela secundaria. La población de estudio consistió en 122 estudiantes que abandonaron el curso desde marzo de 2011 hasta diciembre de 2017. Se realizaron búsquedas bibliográficas y documentales para recopilar información sobre el abandono escolar en el IFRJ, Campus de Arraial do Cabo. El análisis de los datos fue cualitativo y cuantitativo. Los resultados indican que las dimensiones socioeconómicas y académicas están articuladas e influyen en la deserción. Por lo tanto, invertir en políticas sociales y pedagógicas que aborden estos temas se convierten en estrategias importantes para la permanencia y el éxito escolar. Además, los esfuerzos para publicitar los factores que causan el abandono escolar y las formas de abordarlo pueden contribuir a mejorar la permanencia escolar y las tasas de éxito.

This article aims to identify and analyze perceptions and pedagogical reflections  of Intervention Projects in a continuing education  program  conducted  by  School Managers in the Zona da Mata Mineira, Brazil. To answer the research questions, the qualitative approach is adopted as methodological  perspective,  as well as literature review and document analysis. Results indicate that school challenges are many and, although  schools are present in different contexts, management of problem situations by school managers are always quite similar. From the specific literature and data obtained, it is concluded that the themes discussed in the study surpass the skills and possibilities of immediate  solutions in the school environment.

This work aims to describe the morphological aspects of the fruits, seeds and seedlings of Adenanthera pavonina L., besides verifying alternative methods for overcoming seed dormancy. These aspects will help in methods of propagation of this species, and also in its identification, still in juvenile stage. External and internal aspects of fruits and seeds and external seedlings, besides biometric measurements were performed. Pre-germination treatments were applied to verify the most efficient method. With the results it is concluded that the fruit, a legume type, presents on average nine to ten seeds of the globose and double seed coat type, with endosperm remnant. The embryo is a crypto-radicular type, with germination of the epigeal type, occurring three days after sowing, with complete formation of the seedling at twenty-two days. The mechanical scarification with sandpaper method was the most efficient to overcome the A. pavonina seed dormancy. The described and illustrated aspects were reliable for identification of the species and contribute with useful information for the productive mean. The alternative tests to the mechanical scarification of the seeds were not efficient to overcome the dormancy of A. pavonina.

Este trabalho trata de uma análise das formações identitárias de três professoras iniciantes da educação infantil interpretadas através de suas narrativas do memorial de formação. O estudo foi desenvolvido por meio das seguintes questões: as narrativas da trajetória no início de carreira podem contribuir para identificar as dimensões pessoais e profissionais que estruturam as formações identitárias? Como ocorre o processo de formações identitárias no início da carreira profissional docente? A partir disso, fizemos uma leitura das vozes narrativas dessas profissionais docentes que evidenciaram dimensões profissionais e pessoais de suas constituições identitárias do processo de indução à carreira docente.

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Na colheita florestal,  independente  do grau de mecanização, o trabalho humano estará sempre presente, o que exige um planejamento para diminuir os índices de acidentes do trabalho. Nesse contexto essa pesquisa aplicou a metodologia denominada de Processo de Avaliação de Risco em Colheita Florestal (PARCF) para identificar, analisar e avaliar os riscos ocupacionais que se originam na atividade de colheita florestal semimecanizada e mecanizada, de forma a contribuir para o planejamento e implantação de um sistema de controle. A aplicação do PARCF em colheita florestal em atividade semimecanizada indicou a seguinte categoria de risco: quatro baixos, três moderados, oito altos, e nenhum crítico. A operação de corte com motosserra foi considerada a de nível de risco mais elevado. Para a avaliação da atividade de colheita mecanizada  o  resultado  indicou  a seguinte categoria de risco: cinco baixos; sete moderados; onze altos e nenhum risco crítico. A operação de corte e carregamento de árvores e o deslocamento da máquina foram consideradas as atividades  com nível de risco mais elevado. Os principais controles para a proteção ao trabalhador são os treinamentos, realização da atividade conforme procedimento estabelecido previamente, manutenção das máquinas, utilização dos equipamentos de proteção individual e sinalização sonora das máquinas.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of activated carbon for removing haloacetic acids in synthetic water in order to simulate its formation in supply system. From a validated method by liquid-liquid extraction associated with gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LLE-GC-MS), synthetic solutions were prepared in concentrations 58 and 116 μg.L-1, being the first below and the second above the maximum allowed value (80 μg.L-1) by Consolidation Ordinance n° 5 of September 28th, 2017 of de Ministry of Health. The analyzes were made on a laboratory scale and from the results obtained it can be proved that the filtration with granular activated carbon is efficient to remove haloacetic acids, since at least 77% of the by-products were removed.

El objetivo es caracterizar la realidad experimentada en el segmento privado de la enseñanza, con el fin de comprender los principales desafíos del trabajo docente en este espacio. Para ello, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas con dos docentes que trabajan en instituciones de educación infantil en Naviraí (Brasil). La metodología se centra en el campo de la investigación cualitativa y los datos se analizaron con bases teóricas de la literatura especializada en la perspectiva de plantear características y problemas experimentados en el contexto privado. Los resultados demuestran que la práctica pedagógica ocurre de manera diferente, las confrontaciones diarias son diferentes y que el maestro parece tener menos autonomía en el desempeño de su trabajo en comparación con las dificultades de los maestros principiantes que se insertan en el sistema escolar público.