Repositório RCAAP

This essay intends an interpretative reading of dramas experienced by the character Samara Delia, of the Milton Hatoum novel, Relato de um certo Oriente. Considering the spatial and temporal disjunction established between Samara and his family, the analysis priorizes, ultimately, the value of expressiveness of the silence in that separation. For this purpose, are detached the character's connections with space and with the injunctions which it is submitted.

This article will provide a theoretical reflection from the concepts of bilingualism, interference, interlanguage and change of codes. This theoretical approach is highly relevant to understanding the process of acquisition of second languages, in both formal, and informal. Regarding the languages in contact, the different contexts in which Brazilian Portuguese maintains contact with other languages will be cited, however, the discussion will be central in the case of contact of Portuguese with Spanish. It will discuss the issue of stigmatization of some linguistic varieties and ideological preconception instilled in this context.

This article develop an epistemologic outlining about the articulation of the communicative action theory in front the perspectives from a cybernetic State that grows in the XX century first half. The communicative action theory problematizes the notion of subject and contradict cybernetic models to propose a reading that is in the same time rational and articulate with social demands. In this way the critic to scientificity from state models contain too a critic to the mind models inaugurated by the psychology, whose Habermas argue like instrumentals. Then, understands like first element of contact with the communicative action a orderer in the social relations’ ethic, what possibility a good performance for social politics more egalitarians.

The post-modern society watching a deepening of the discourse of a healthy diet, which produces, as it circulates in the social environment, meaning effects whose relevance, not infrequently, by anchoring itself in a scientific discourse, conceived as historically true, presents is undeniable, diffusing power. The subjects, immersed in this discursive network, in which rises the concern about the eating habits is a key aspect to life, they are instructed to adopt new lifestyles. In this context, covering the identity as a construct pervaded by power relations, startles to the genre media propaganda, since this device is presented as a disseminator, based on socially constructed paradigms, of discourses, of subjectivities. For the analysis of some advertisements for healthy foods, it was understood that these promote the discursive construction of a "healthy subject" involving, on the power relations underlying a syncretism iconic-language, the idea of a balanced diet with food flavors, the health and beauty body.

The act of reading requires a complex cognitive processing – especially when it comes to reading in a second language (L2) –, because there are many factors that impact on the proficiency in this skill. In this paper we discuss three relevant factors: type of instruction, frequency of exposure to L2 texts, and the influence of the reading skill in first language (L1). These factors contribute to the teaching of L2 reading, since they give support to the teaching practice, especially in an environment of non immersion such as English learning in Brazil. We use neuroimaging data to support our discussion.

The aim of this study is to identify the main actions taken by elderly people to contribute for the enhancement of brain plasticity in these individuals, focusing on bilingualism and on the process of learning an additional language. In order to do that, we have researched about the development of brain plasticity in the elderly, focusing on the learning of a second language at this age. In addition, we have carried out a field research, where we applied a questionnaire to five subjects asking them about activities that they do that may contribute to their cognitive preservation. Data analysis has shown that, although there is not an evident concern about memory preservation for the majority of the participants of this study, the elderly have carried out activities that, in some way, contribute to memory preservation, such as the practice of reading and physical exercises

The present work is a qualitative analysis of data collected during the application of morphological awareness tests, under the light of the Representational Redescription model (KARMILOFF-SMITH, 1986, 1992). These data are from Lorandi (2011). In the present work, we suggest an individual analysis of the responses, not a group analysis as in Lorandi (2011), trying to take into account the developmental trajectory of these participants in relation to their morphological knowledge, or, more specifically, to their skills on derivation, extraction of the base and inflection of nonce words, as well as their judgment on the acceptability of these nonce words, followed by an explanation of their knowledge about real morphemes, which were organized in morphological variant forms that were used by children in the process of morphological acquisition (LORANDI, 2007). We have randomly chosen two participants of each grade – from the 1st to the 4th –, all of them students of a regular school, whose data were analyzed to the purposes of this work. The results show that development is not age-related, a conclusion that is corroborated by the Representational Redescription model, and the results also show that other factors may interfere on the linguistic knowledge development and in its mental representation. These factors will be investigated in our current research. In our considerations about the results, we stress the relevance of a model that is capable of transcending the implicit-explicit dichotomy, as the RR model does, since it is efficient on the explanation of data provided by children.

The aim of this paper is to present the characteristics of text comprehension in written and oral form and the impact of each modality in comprehension in L2. This literature review addresses the reader / listener as an active individual who interacts with the text with their linguistic and extralinguistic knowledge. The understanding of the written texts is benefited from the possibility to review the text, unlike what occurs in text comprehension in the oral mode, since the text is volatile. Although there are differences in decoding oral and written texts, evidence suggests that the level of comprehension of the input mode is not as crucial as the language proficiency.

How does our brain represent and organize words? Researchers believe in the existence of something like a word inventory in the brain, which they call mental lexicon. This structure is the center of most cognitive models of speech, listening, writing and reading, through which one can have access to word forms and meanings. This paper aims to provide a general view of what the mental lexicon is. Primarily, the concept of lexicon and how this denomination was born are presented. Similarities and differences between a conventional dictionary and the mental lexicon are discussed. Questions such as how many words people know and how research evaluates this number are addressed. Then, different models on lexical organization are presented, approaching the connectivity relations between lexical items.

This essay examines the novel Minha mãe morrendo e O menino mentido, by Valêncio Xavier (2001). The narrative strategy employed by Xavier, plotting word and image in the preparation of your text, discusses the possibilities of apprehending reality by verbal and graphic aesthetic codes, the same way that puts himself under suspicion status text of literary fiction as a means of recovery time and memory. The concepts of fictionality (inherent characteristic of verbal language) and a-fictionality (inherent in the photographic image) proposed by Roland Barthes (2006) constitute themselves as theoretical support in order to understand the intricate relationship engineered by Xavier in the fabric of a narrative that, while intended to retrieve imagery from a time past, this needs to invent a time that is not betrayed by memory.

The objective of this paper is to analyze the literary thoughts over the writer Altair Martins’ creating process through his statements in some interviews. Furthermore, it was possible to support in the concatenation of what the author said he has done what the manuscripts can demonstrate in the “A Parede no Escuro” novel’s constitution. Thus, it was also used authors that, in the same way, reflected on the process itself and wrote about their impressions and findings, helping in this analysis.

The relationship between bilingualism and cognition has been investigated by several researchers, both in Canada, as more recently in Brazil. Bilingualism can be associated with better maintenance of inhibitory control and conflict resolution (BIALYSTOK, 2009). The goal of this paper is to review Brazilian and Canadian research on the positive effects of bilingualism. The cognitive benefits found in Canadian bilinguals have not been always found in southern Brazil bilingual speakers of Portuguese and a variety of German called Hunsrückisch. It is possible that the lack of identification of the advantages in Brazilian bilinguals is related to the tasks used in the studies and multiple factors as a distinct socioeconomic reality, schooling, unbalanced bilingualism, among other factors discussed in this article.

Presentation of the issue: Discourse studies

Presentation of the Literature issue on Portuguese-language literature

Based on three texts by Thomas Mann (a short story, a novella and a novel), the author tries, narratively, to express the tensions which are in the work of this German writer, establishing a dialogue with his contemporary interlocutor Theodor Adorno. The objective is to light the relationships that are established here between literature and philosophy.

This work aims at bringing up some discussion about the analysis of statistical data, and a priori conclusions, highlighting the importance of considering, among other issues, the orthogonality in the distribution of data, since some reflections were generated by some of the results obtained with the VARBRUL program. Therefore, we will present the (i) results from the analysis of tu/você switch in the localities of VARSUL where the process exists, and (ii) analysis of Noun Agreement (NA) in the Paraná cities - Londrina, Irati and Pato Branco. In the analysis of NA, we realized that there are differences regarding the selection of variables, depending on the type of colonization of the analyzed region (for Londrina and Pato Branco, internal colonization; for Irati, external colonization) - the reason why Curitiba city, the "old" Paraná, was not considered in this paper. In the analysis of tu/você switch (LOREGIAN-PENKAL, 2004), we emphasize the importance of considering the analysis of the variation in the individual which, mutatis mutandis, can be applied to individual results of the NA in the three cities. The data analyzes followed the quantitative sociolinguistics steps with VARBRUL package, and took into account extralinguistic and linguistic factors. We hope to demonstrate how the VARSUL database has been contributing to the description of the variable phenomena in Brazilian Portuguese.

In Brazilian Portuguese oral falling diphthongs, the glides [j] and [w] may be deleted according to a variable rule, as in peixe~ pexe, caixa~caxa and ouro~oro. In our study, we proceed to the real-time analysis of the switching variable [ej] and [e] in the speech community of Porto Alegre, RS. We select a sample of 14 informants in the city of Porto Alegre (RS), from the NURC Project database, interviewed in the 1970s and recontacted in the late 1990 by VARSUL Project, thus totalizing 28 interviews. We proceed to the collection and coding of 1.791 data. The coded data were submitted to statistical analysis program GoldVarb 3.0. In order to observe the behavior of the variable in terms of stability or change in progress (LABOV, 1994), our real-time analysis of the results identified the monophthongization of [ej] as a stable phenomenon of variation.

The present work proposes a reading of the narrative structure of the Novel based on the concept of conspiracy, as established by Ricardo Piglia in 2009. This secret conjuration which underlies the apparent functioning of reality replaces the fatalistic notion of destiny present in Greek classic tragedy, introducing politics in the Novel under the form of human articulations. In addition to the function of the conspiracy in the development of the narrative, this essay proposes the approximation of the idea of an extreme exacerbation of the possibilities of human articulation to the considerations proposed by Gilles Lipovetsky about the consequences of the time of the hyper individualism. The game of associations that sets the structure of the plot intend to work as a indirect way, provided with the necessary distance to unveil what the logic of the organizations of the liberal system hides, functioning as a possible tool to investigate the current reconfigurations of the relationship between literature and market.

The literary history have been thinking about its methods in order to reach new forms for organize its object. One possibility came from the literary historiography through literature itself: the esthetic learning of history. Join this, the concept of “world literature” (form Goethe to Franco Moretti) and the work of Enrique Vila-Matas (whom creates a literary history inside his fiction) can help in the goal of to comprehend the contemporary models of literary history and its exhaustion.

This study presents an analysis of the phenomena of vowel reduction and deletion from speech data by an adult and two children aged six years from Florianópolis. Stressed vowels ([i, , u]) and unstressed final ([ɪ, ɐ, ʊ]) are observed in order to determine whether the factors stress and age influence the acoustic parameters of duration and frequency of resonance (F1 and F2). The results have indicated influence of stress such that the end groups carried out vowels unstressed final lower and a reduction in area F1-F2. The data have also shown cases of unstressed vowel deletion which occur predominantly with high vowels and after unvoiced consonants contexts. By comparing adult and children, the relative duration does not show significant differences. On the other hand, for F1 and F2, the results corroborate partially studies that point out the frequencies decrease when the age increases. This study aim to contribute for both the research about the children´s speech and the research about Florianópolis´s speech.