Repositório RCAAP

Memory is represented here as the dehiscence of perception, and the concept of dehiscence based on its phenomenological dimension, that is, as opening or creative encounter that makes the existence of the double possible. That is the memory that, conceived apart from the existence of each textual formation, that, depending on each discursive dimension that has generated it, will present repertories, or harmonic sets of interpreters, different ones. The memory is, this way, projected in its noble way, or form: the one that is conceived by the Wild Spirit or by the Brute Being (concepts found in MerleayPonty’s work); is, this way, history of life, that gets the discursive formations as an excess of what one wanted to do, say or think, this excess opens the possibility of retaking and creating to others. The corpus to the analysis was made of Hilda Hilst’s texts, mainly the ones found in Júbilo, Memória, Noviciado da Paixão; and the analysis had, as its principal epistemological base the Discursive Semiotics; the theoretical base of this work is also composed by the Philosophy and the Phenomenology – Bergson and Merleau-Ponty.

Review of “Espaços da recordação” by Aleida Assmann

Literature is an artistic practice that tries to capture contingency, diversity, and movement in reality. In fact, literary art is made up of approximating essays. It´s an essayist art. Philosophy, all along history, has almost always shown a contrary tendency, as it reduces the richness of diversity to conceptual units, it tries to discover whatever is essential, and form systemic ideas. In this article, however, we would like to analyse a philosophic text that contradicts such tendency, namely, Menon, a dialogue written by Plato.We intend to show that the dialectic procedures developed by Plato come up with an essay on the central theme - virtue - which motivates the dialogic aspect in Menon. The Platonic concepts that will help to make all this clearer are doxa (opinion), alethésdoxa (true opinion), and eudoxia (harmonious opinion). If philosophizing becomes essay-like, then philosophizing is in tune with the art of literature.

This study approaches the metaphysics’ problematic in the work of the Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges based on the analysis of literary images minted in his short stories and essays, especially those included between 1932 and 1952 (dates of releases of books Discussion and Otras Inquisiciones), time that most closely adhered to the theme, seeking to understand not only the dialogue established with the philosophical tradition, but also the internal logic of efficiency that guides. Are fundamental here, the concepts of memory and translation developed by the author, since break with established traditions and introduce an unsuspected motion in legacy of metaphysical arguments.

Both philosophy and literature looked for, during the last century, the overcoming of conventional, collective time, towards the time of world, or time of consciousness. The concern gave origin to many literary techniques that try to represent time. These techniques are commonly linked to Bergson, even though the French philosopher demonstrated the impossibility of representation by the consciousness of real time. Heidegger also insisted on the necessity to handle conventional time to arrive to effective things time. Graciliano Ramos undertakes, in the short-story “O relógio do hospital”, an experience of inner monologue that intent to represent this effective time, but that ultimately illustrates the unrepresentative nature of this, as pointed out by Ricoeur. This failure causes the literature create new mechanisms of representation, supported by the contractual relationship with the reader.

From the closed world to the infinite universe” – the title of Russian philosopher Alexander Koyré´s work expresses the redefining historical movement of modernity. The “closed world” would be that related to Aristotelian concept of cosmos, still untouched by the revolutionary impacts of scientific methods and language, by the efforts of intellectual redefinitions generically known as Scientific Revolution. In Dostoevsky’s Notes from the Underground a “sick man” reveals a kind of illness untreatable by scientific experts. In this work, Dostoevsky presents several issues concerning modernity and the advancement of the nineteenth century rationalism. In doing so, the author anticipates and develops (giving a strong literary expression to) issues discussed throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, for instance by psychoanalysis and philosophy of science. The purpose of this article is to point out briefly these possible dialogues, highlighting the contradictions, flaws and criticisms directed by Dostoevsky to the "infinite universe" that expanded on nineteenth-century Russia.

The reflections presented in this article aim to indicate the complex relation, which we find flagrant, among text production as a school activity, students’ writings in response to proposed exercises and the teachers’ evaluation of the text production process. Our observations focus on students’ reading comprehension of given text production exercises that lead to written compositions. That reading comprehension is studied through two different theoretical perspectives and it is observed from the concept of creativity. The first perspective focus on school principles in which we base the teachers’ evaluation of students’ compositions, and the second refers to the theoretical and methodological principles of the Theory of Enunciative and Predicative Operations, whose author is linguist Antoine Culioli (1990). Our option for the second perspective is justified by the fact that it is established on cognitive and linguistic issues, in which we base our reflections about language teaching.

Travelling as a method of obtaining knowledge of the world and self-knowledge is present in literature and in Western culture since Homer’s epic verses. The example of Ulysses, a model of a wise man, was from time to time updated by the Arts and by different currents of thought. This paper proposes a reflection on the theme from the approach to philosophical, political and religious principles in the 16th and 17th Century Spain, as well as from the literary works of female authors who present through their main female characters, or in an autobiographical way, experiences related to travelling as a means to make an inner journey of self-discovery. We will observe how the precepts of neo-stoic philosophy that guided the rules of conduct of the Spanish nobility in the above-mentioned period, were mimicked by the Belles-Lettres. Starting from one of the short-stories by María de Zayas (1637), we will point out in works from different times the repeated updating of the dialog between literature produced by women and the classic philosophical propositions that teach how to achieve self-knowledge and wisdom.

This work aims at discussing the notion of relation based on the linguistic theories of Ferdinand de Saussure, Émile Benveniste, and Oswald Ducrot. Such notion, advanced by Saussure from the theoretical primitive stating that language (“langue”) is a system of signs, becomes productive in the foundation of other enunciative theories, such as Theory of Enunciation, of Émile Benveniste, whose concept of language encompasses enunciation, and the Theory of Argumentation Within Language, of Oswald Ducrot, which proposes that the argumentative value is given by similarity and difference in language (“langue”). Thus, it is noticed that both theories are grounded on the notion of relation, to which they attribute the concept of enunciation. This concept brings language into play, and therefore intersubjectivity, since the latter is inherent to language. The notion of relation allows the displacement of linguistic reflection towards teaching, so as to question the role of intersubjective communication between teacher and student and to reveal its implication and contributions to working with texts in the classroom.

This paper takes the Argumentation Theory in Language in its current phase, namely the Theory of Semantic Blocks, developed by Oswald Ducrot and Marion Carel, as theoretical basis for the purpose of engaging in a brief analysis of an opinion article entitled The Brazilian doesn’t read, written by Danilo Venticinque (Epoca Magazine). In order to explain how the language builds the senses introduced in this paper and reflect upon this theory implications in the teaching context, it was sought, first, to approach the philosophical assumptions that support the argumentation theory, through Plato, Saussure and Benveniste, it’s discussed the notions of otherness, respect, value and agency. Then summarizes the main concepts used in the argumentation theory, especially the argumentative thread to conduct the analysis of the article. Finally, some reflections were developed on the implications of this theoretical-analytical route to the teaching context.

The purpose of this paper is to present the study of the book "Campo Geral" (1976) by Guimarães Rosa, centered on the analysis of the character Miguilim while in his training path. There is, in this narrative, a monitoring consciousness of the protagonist and the privilege of knowing the growth of strength and inner freedom of the child in adverse conditions. Beside the nature, the contact with the family microcosm of the boy prepares him for exiting the Mutum and watch the world. The analysis of this trajectory intends to highlight some approaches with the formation novel Emilio (2004), by Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

The aim of this paper is to show how Maurice Blanchot establishes a contemporary theory of the genius on his analysis of the relationship between literary experience and death. At first, we will specify in which terms it is possible to say that Blanchot formulates a theory of the genius, opposing it to text gender theory. We will also investigate how Blanchot’s thought departs from Hegel, Nietzsche and Heidegger towards the articulation of death and ontology of literary creation. At last, we will analyze how Blanthot’s ontology of literary creation institutes itself on the notion that the fundament of being is actually language negativity itself.

The representation of the History in the novel O tempo e o vento has three of the most important philosophical movements that were assimilated by intellectuals in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. In the dialogues among the characters Rodrigo Cambará, Rubim Veloso and Jairo Bittencourt we find references to Augusto Comte's positivism, Spencer's social evolutionism and Nietzsche's superman. These dialogues talks about a crucial period of cultural and political Brazilian History and help to characterize the ideological position of the characters.

Examination of the relationship between hermeneutics and Reception aesthetics, particularly of literary hermeneutics, a branch of hermeneutics, whose methodological organization is required and provided by Hans Robert Jauss, one of the greatest exponents of the School of Constance, the cradle of Reception aesthetics. Corollary of this exercise is the effectiveness of a rich and productive dialogue between philosophy and literary studies.

This article features the possible connection among the poem "Alumbramento", by Manuel Bandeira, Plato's Allegory of the Cave, and the ancient Greeks’ aletheia. The metaphysics’ critique on the destinations of Western thinking and man's relationship with the poetic is combined with the contribution of the original, or pre-philosophical, thinkers; rescuing their key issues. The dazzled (or, in Portuguese, alumbrado) gaze of Bandeiras’ poem is transmuted by the thought of Martin Heidegger, through which the aletheia issue is retrieved as the ancient experience of truth; combined with phýsis and logos, in the dimension of the Being, from the Platonic myth, Parmenides’ poem, “On Nature”, and some fragments of Heraclitus.

Gaspar Pires de Rebelo’s Infortúnios trágicos da constante Florinda was published in 1625. Given its conspicuous success, a sequel, Segunda parte da Constante Florinda, em que se trata dos infortúnios que teve Arnaldo buscando-a pelo mundo, came out in 1633. Constante Florinda (this is the title both parts became known as), largely disseminated in the 17th and 18th centuries, was nonetheless virtually forgotten in the subsequent centuries. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that the profit from the narration of Florinda’s and Arnaldo’s misfortunes reflects 16th and 17th-century stoic-christian doctrine, profoundly advertised by authors such as Justus Lipsius and Francisco de Quevedo. Thus, by analyzing Constante Florinda´s passages, this paper seeks to highlight that the narration is also doctrine, and conveys the (tragic) paths, with stoic exempla, of christian life.

In this paper, we aim at investigating the contributions of Bakhtin’s Circle studies (1998[1975], 2003[1979], 2008[1929]; (VOLOCHÍNOV) 2006[1929]), specifically concerning the discourse genres, and the dialogue between these studies with the contemporary researches about the textual-linguistic analysis (CASTILHO. CASTILHO, 1993; KOCH, 2004; MARCUSCHI, 2008, NASCIMENTO, 2009) to the teaching of linguistic analyses in Portuguese language classes in the Basic Education context in order to understand how (i) Bakhtin Circle studies can contribute to the linguistic analysis through discourse genre; (ii) the stylistic and compositional projections reveled by genre analysis reflect (and refract) the semantic and evaluative potentialities of the different linguistic elements and (iii) the use of linguistic resources are situated by the interaction situation mediated by the genre. In methodological terms, this paper presents a discussion about how a previous discourse genre analysis contributes to the teacher’s work with linguistic analysis in Portuguese language classes at school. To do so, we review the previous research about the advice letter genre in the journalism sphere (ACOSTA-PEREIRA, 2012) to verify how the discourse genre regularities can collaborate to didactic elaboration of linguistic analysis activities at school. We believe that the present investigation is relevant not only because it can contribute to the bakhtinian Applied Linguistic researches, but also it can collaborate to the discussions concerning the reconstruction of teaching and learning practices in the context of Portuguese language classes.

: This article aims to discuss authorship and the possible coercion involved in the production of High School Portuguese Language course books, by observing and analyzing teachers’ guidelines and their approach as far as visual and verbo-visual texts are concerned. For that matter, two course book series indicated by PNLEM 2009 were chosen. For our work, we picked up a reading activity and six excerpts from the teachers’ guidelines. By confronting the data, we aim to understand how the guidelines found in the official documents that deal with teaching the Portuguese Language in High Schools interfere in the production of books, revealing the coercions in the process. Thus, our discussion is founded on Bakhtin’s and the Circle’s enunciative-discursive theoretical framework, which can help us understand how the conflicts involved in book production can be perceived in the edited books and analyzed from a dialogic perspective. Corpus analysis revealed that the guidelines found in teachers’ books were not always dealt with in the authors’ pedagogical proposal, clearly revealing a conflict between the authorial and official voices and a gap between what is proposed in the teachers’ guidelines and what is actually proposed in the reading activities of visual and verbo-visual texts.

What is there which is particularly alive in philosophical writing that materializes elements and literary genres? To where and to what kind of hybridity does the meeting of writings point? Based on these questions, this paper reflects on the literary writing by the philosopher Nietzsche. We explore the relationship between his metaphorical writing and the considerations about the metaphorical nature of language, elaborated by the philosopher. Besides, we discuss the aphorism and the essays in Nietzsche´s work, his constant overlapping and hybridity, the narrative and poetry embodied in essays and aphorisms as well as the narrative that is poetically built in Thus Spoke Zarathustra.

Presentation of the issue: Variationist Sociolinguistics