Repositório RCAAP

The article discusses the political trajectory of Bento de Figueiredo Tenreiro Aranha, an important intellectual and journalist from the Far North of the country, where he stood out as the greatest propagandist of the republican cause. Dividing his long public life of more than 50 years between the cities of Belém and Manaus, he became, around 1870, a pioneer in the defense of the republican regime in Amazonas and Pará, reverberating his ideas of a popular and revolutionary Republic through a journalistic chronicle most intense and incisive. Discontented with the Republic, he became associated with political Jacobinism for turning his radical criticism against the first republican governments and the winning model of Republic of the 15th of November. Bento Aranha, who came to assume several parliamentary terms in the Province of Amazonas, came to the end of his life considering himself excluded and ostracized. His uncomfortable voice contributed to also make him forgotten, not only by the society in which he worked (and fought for), but also by historiography. To accompany him through his chronicles in the press, is to open the possibility for the understanding of how the Republic was thought, received and also fought outside the traditional spaces of power in Brazil.

This article aims to highlight black women in the history of Brazil from a historiographic analysis, having as its starting point the premise that our country is marked by violence undertaken to this portion of the population that sees itself pushed by the reality of subalternization since the time of colonization. By mapping these created narratives that center on the black woman as a historical subject, we will understand what were the paths and mishaps faced and also how developed the forms of resistance found to ensure their survival, of their families and communities. However, we point out that it is not possible to think black women without inserting them in the markers of gender and race, stressing on the latter that historical studies can and should view racial groups as heterogeneous, taking into account the existence of multiple ethnic identities and thus seeking the understanding of their specificities that must be observed in the light of the historicity regime from which racialized groups are entrenched. Thereby, the decolonial perspective and black feminism will help us to reflect aspects inherent to the movement of brazilian black women who over time never conformed to the place of oppression and who through confrontations and struggles aimed to transform their realities.

Taking into consideration black women as a construct, this paper aims, from an intersectional perspective, to reflect on their social, political and identity locations, in order to think if a theory of knowledge, that puts black women at the heart of its researches, tends to stress the importance of other epistemic directions for the production and validation of knowledge, which could question some versions of prevailing truths that claim for universality.

The article seeks to explore the mainly historiographical dimension and the theoretical-methodological approaches, propositions, advances, and limitations of Beatriz Nascimento (1942-1995) in her trajectory as a historian and theoretician of History. From the documentary point of view, we used the book-archive Beatriz Nascimento, Quilombola e Intelectual: Possibilidades nos dias da destruição (2018). In the development of the analysis we elaborate, through an analysis of the history of Brazilian Historiography, the symbolic intertwining of the connection “White hands/Black hands” that emerged from the intellectual relationships between the author and Brazilian historian José Honório Rodrigues back into the 1960s, in Rio de Janeiro, and argue that Beatriz Nascimento’s theoretical articulations amalgamated political, social and cultural discussions that gave rise to the first steps, in the social context of the contemporary Black Movements in the 1970-90s, of a Black Historiography in the Brazil, in a critical, decolonial and undisciplined anti-racist stance of politicization of knowledge and rejection of the colonial foundations of the Western epistemic rationale.

The present study analyzes the correspondences between Mário de Andrade and Tarsila do Amaral, during the years 1922 to 1940. The epistolary exchanges, modernist intellectual sociability networks, are part of a whole set of events in between history. The present study made it possible to understand aspects related to the debate established about the modernist movement, observing the private life of your precursors, and the dialogues and exchanges that were addressed.

This work analyzes the socio-cultural universe of babassu coconut “quebradeiras” from Maranhão, through a collection of songs, to try to understand from a different perspective some elements that make up their worldviews. To this end, it makes a historical reading on the socio-political organization of women's groups in Maranhão territory in recent decades. Then, the text focuses on the songs, compiled in a book, entitled “Canto e encanto nos babaçuais ...”. A reading of these songs is made, in an attempt to reveal more about the world of these women, to reach what can be called “blind spots”, the unintended elements of their expressions. With this, try to better understand the daily life, beliefs, fears and life perspectives of this social group.

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For historian Maria Beatriz Nascimento (1942-1995), historiography has produced over the years a series of distortions and neglects on the past of black populations, thus to (re)Writing the history of the Quilombos, the author proposed that this be done from other temporalities, theories and aspirations, in view of a reconciliation of the black populations with their past and with the possibilities of future opened by this movement.However, despite the importance of his productions to the debates on black subjectivity, race and historiography throughout the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s in Brazil, his work and agency figure little in the historical discipline as a theoretical and historiographical possibility for the writing of history. Thus, we propose in this article to celebrate their productions, taking them as “a possibility in the days of destruction”, for this, we have as a central question and focus the conception of an epistemology that privileges the (re)writing of history before a black perspective, in order to highlight the theoretical power of the historian’s thought for her area of academic training and performance.

Corporatism was one of the most influential authoritarian representation models from the first half of the 20th century. It grew both in Europe and other parts of the world, e.g., Brazil, where several intellectuals developed theories ingrained by the idea of the corporate state as a form of political and social organization. Amidst these intellectuals, Plínio Salgado and Miguel Reale stand out as leaders of the Brazilian Integralist Action (AIB)–a fascist-leaning movement created in 1932 based on the ideals of nationalism, anti-liberalism, and anti-communism whose central objective was to establish the Integral State, guided by its nationalist-corporate content. This work employs a Comparative Historical Analysis–which enables the investigation of singular trajectories as a way of understanding world history phenomena–to analyze how the trajectories of Salgado and Reale influenced their theories on corporatism, given they found common ground over various doctrinal aspects of the integralist movement but also had intellectual peculiarities and divergences.

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The discussion of temporalization within historical discourses presents us, among other nuances, the concepts that orbit it. In this sense, proposing a deeper dialogue on this issue can contribute as a theoretical basis for students, researchers and history lovers in the debate, reflection and problematization of the ways of conceiving the temporalization of history. Thus, this article aims to discuss concepts related to time. In order to respond to this scenario, we used a documental and bibliographic research, which was based on scientific articles, books, dissertations, theses, websites, among other sources, for the survey, collection and analysis of data in a qualitative way. As a result, we dialogued on three characteristics that are correlated to time: temporality, duration, and historical process. In relation to the first, which is temporality, this is made through the human perception of understanding the temporal connection existing between past, present, and future. The second is established by duration, therefore, we consider that this is not regulated by chronological time, but rather, its subjective understanding is relative to the movement and permanence from the present to the new. The third characteristic is the historical process, which is based on the succession of historical events. However, it should be noted that around the historical process gravitate relevant concepts such as: historical event/fact; becoming; and, continuities and ruptures. These concepts are complementary, but at the same time antagonistic, and they fight among themselves in the field of study of each human activity or even among them. Therefore, we perceive them as dialectically united in a flux in which they are established as the driving force of the very movement of history. We conclude, then, that when discussing about the concepts that orbit the issue of time, it allows the widening of the theoretical framework for a generation of historians who were formed without a more consistent reflection on temporalization within the historical discourses.

This research work analyzes the newspaper A Evolução, printed from the beginning of the 20th century, in the city of Bagé, in Rio Grande do Sul, and which focused on the dissemination of precepts and ideas linked to anarchism and the labor movement. The sheet is considered one of the oldest published for this purpose in the border city of Brazil with Uruguay. The work seeks to trace the trajectory of the press and the anarchist and workers movement in Rio Grande do Sul and in the city of Bagé, which was one of the poles of this movement in the first decades of the 20th century. Therefore, excerpts from the texts published in the first edition of this sheet are highlighted. A comparative analysis will also be made of this pioneer printed with other newspapers after A Evolução, published in later years, such as A Defesa, this one with an anarchist editorial proposal and A Dor Humana, a vehicle that served as an informative of the União Geral dos Trabalhadores, but which also adopted in its informative proposal, the dissemination of ideals of this movement. Thus, this article seeks to highlight the vanguard of such social-political ideas in a city with a strong historical link to conservative ideals.

The sacrament of baptism is intended to purge original sin from the soul. In colonial Brazil, baptism took on other meanings besides the original. Between the 16th and 17th centuries, it came to be seen as a healing tool. Among the Indians, however, the theological conception was disconnected from the ritual itself, making the Gentiles believe that baptism constituted, in itself, a remedy against the males of the body. During the 16th century, on the other hand, the church’s first sacrament also took on another meaning among the Indians, antagonistic to the previous one: it came to be seen as a ritual that led to death. In this conflict of views, priests and sorcerers, two social types who exercised traditional domination in their communities, taking the lead in the dissemination of each of these two views, competing to win followers among the natives. The purpose of this article is to show the validity of this thesis, through the chronological exposition of fragments of letters, lives of saints and other writings from the colonial period.

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The following interview was given by professor Dr. Melina Perussato in 2021. The interview deals with the world of work (labor studies), focusing on the interviewee’s areas of expertise, such as emancipations and post abolition in Brazil, as well as current issues related to labor.The interview’s concern was the need to discuss current issues of labor relating them to historiography, and the need to constanly bring up the issue of labor in Brazil: a theme that is frequently present in the daily lives of all citizens and is the subject of constant debate and multiple theoretical and methodological approaches.In the interview, Professor Melina brings her considerations about the theme, and present her own academic trajectory as a starting point for the discussion. Her theoretical and methodological contributions are explained in the text, and her research sources are addressed for further elucidation of the issue. Through theoretical questions and academic references, Melina Perussato provides us with reflective content. A class in the form of an interview is what is presented here, taking us along the paths of recent historiography about labor studies through a critical point of view.

        

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