Repositório RCAAP

Cognitive skills such as Executive Functions (FE) are essential for the consolidation of learning, considering aspects such as operational memory, selective attention, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility and planning. In order to improve the performance of children with learning difficulties, this study aims to verify the effects of the Literacy and Reasoning Program (LRP) on expression of the executive functions and school performance of elementary school children. This program proposes the academic improvement through existing games, as well as those made by the professionals, that combine the stimulation of Executive Functions with the precursory skills of the literacy process. This study was divided into 2 phases. In the initial stage, after an evaluation of the instruments used by the LRP, an evaluation of 10 specialist judges in psychology, neuropsychological evaluation and development was requested to vote on the skills of EF that they thought were recruited to perform each game. At the end, only those games that obtained 70% approval in the same function were used to structure the LRP procedures in 16 meetings. In the second phase of the study, the program was tested. The sample consisted of 18 children, aged between 9 and 11 years, of both sexes divided into two distinct groups: Experimental Group – EG: students with learning difficulties attending LRP (A = 9) and Control Group – CG: students with learning difficulties who did not attend the program (B = 9). For both groups children with difficulties in reading, writing and mathematics were selected. The instruments used were the Attention by Cancelling Test (TAC), the Trial Making Test, the Child Behavior Checklist for ages 6-18 (CBCL / 6-18), The Behavior Inventory for Children and Adolescents between 06 and 18 years old - TRF / 6-18 and the Inventory of Executive Functions and Infant Regulation (IFERI). This phase of the study was conducted in three steps during the 8-week period: pre-test, intervention and post-test. In the intervention stage, two weekly sessions with one hour each, following the procedures defined in the previous phase were performed with the EG, and the CG did not receive any intervention, remaining only with the regular activities. The results indicate that despite the natural growth of both groups, after the intervention period, there is a trend of higher growth in the academic performance of the students of the GE and also a better performance of this in tasks that require the use of the FE. It was also perceived that a longer intervention time was necessary for statistically significant results, therefore, the continuity of the study is suggested, since qualitative results have been obtained that contribute to the improvement of students' academic performance.

The competitive scenario in which contemporary organizations are inserted, takes the need for constant development of professional accounting, so that they can follow and provides changes required by the context. As a result of this need, several authors have been studying and modeling to enable the Professional and organizational skills. This study sought to identify limitations and capabilities that can impact the performance of the counters to the challenges and requirements of the accountings profession. In order to investigate the associations between required skills and competence developed professional accounting, applied a questionnaire to a sample of 70 professionals working in an organization, the activities considered in the context of accounting. The results also show that there is little concern with the skills considered managerial or management. The results of the analysis of the professional skills required, compared to self-assessment of the professional will serve as an inducer for discussions and reflections and trainings.

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Acesso online: https://www.aesperapelavida.com/

This paper aims to investigate the causes of changes in city lighting after the advent of LED (Light-Emitting Diode). To this end, explores the technical and aesthetic potentials of this technology and identifies the application of different techniques in the lighting of urban scenes intended for people, such as: light in street furniture, on the floor, marking of paths and obstacles, image projections, among others. It analyzes the function of pedestrian street lighting, its influence on spatial perception and its importance in enhancing the night landscape. It presents as a case study the Promenade and the Square of the Cidade Universitária Pedra Branca District, located in Palhoça, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. The lighting project is by architect Guinter Parschalk carried out between 2012 and 2014. Based on the case study, the importance of the visual aspects of light for improving the ambiance and identification of public spaces is verified.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

The objective of this dissertation is to point out and evaluate the air traffic area in the Área Terminal São Paulo, specially formed by the Guarulhos Airport and Viracopos Airport. This is made by an analysis of the planning and drawing applied in their accomplishment and development. This analysis is consummated in a censure way, in the architectural and urban point of view, using the conditions and technical rules that are in the specific bibliography, in order to the models and known concepts, as well as the international experiences and theories. The structure of this research contain four chapters: the first and the second deal with the requirements to the airports planning and drawing, establishing the basis to the analysis and comprehension of the studied airports; the third and fourth chapters presents the objects of this research: The Guarulhos Airport an Viracopos Airport. The conclusions make evident that there is an urgent need of incorporating the new parameters to the improvement of the air traffic system in these airports.

The first hotel chains were construed based on the standardization, associated with the 19th century industrialization, and the post 2nd war social-economic movements. By that time, consolidation takes place in this market and those chains expand geographically. Subsequently, in the 70´s, the hotel chains become international. In parallel, another modern concept is developing, which will allow a new hotel category to emerge, focused on unique and hedonistic experiences to their guests. This study aims to identify possible avenues for hotel chains to stablish languages that are identifiable for potential guests and applicable for expansions. In order to do that, supported by case study, this work rationalize possible elements that build units’ ambience, as well as influences received by the action of diverse agents who interact to generate a language, taking into consideration territorial and cultural factors associated with the geographic location of each hotel.

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O presente trabalho tratou de abranger dois aspectos de meio de obtenção de prova em inquéritos e ações penais, no processo penal vigente no país. Trata-se da quebra de sigilo telemático que dividimos em (i) busca e apreensão dos dados armazenados e (ii) interceptação de comunicação. Para tanto, explicamos os tipos de dados existentes no mundo telemático e quais desses estão previstos no Marco Civil da Internet e quais estão sujeitos à Lei de Interceptação Telefônica. Deste modo, procuramos, em ordem cronológica à data da decisão de quebra de sigilo, enumerar certas possibilidades do que pode vir a ocorrer em razão desta, e, posteriormente, separar os tipos de dados existentes e aplica-los nas respectivas leis que os abrangem, e, por fim, apontando uma lacuna na legislação no que se refere à interceptação de dados diversos de comunicação.

The Federal Constitution of 1988, in a genuine way, elevated health to the condition of fundamental right, introducing the unified Health system, which seeks universal, integral, equal care to all Brazilian citizens. This thesis analyzes the realization of the right to health, by the state, to be carried out in cooperation and jointly by the federative units. It focuses on the municipal reality, in the face of the challenges it faces, especially in the underfunding of public policies. It will be addressed the need to implement public management systems that can optimize the results and reduce waste. Against financial constraints, contemporary alternatives such as PPPs and management contracts with OSSs, an agreement with no-profit entities, governance practices and risk management systems will be suggested as tools for directing and monitoring public management, mitigating the Risks of corruption, and enhancing performance in favor of the interest of the collectivity. To this end, data will be collected from the study of the Court of Auditors of Mato Grosso, which addresses 114 municipalities in its territory. With the support of the hypothetical-deductive method and the presentation of updated and cut-off data, it is hoped to reflect on the effectiveness of the unified health system, seen as a relevant instrument of equity, inclusion and social justice, being raised, Therefore, its potentialities and current limits with a view to identifying possible ways of improving the system.

Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie

The study of capital structure is one of the main issues in Corporate Finance. Many researchers, in opposition to the propositions of Modigliani and Miller (1958), suggest that there is an optimal debt-equity ratio. Some authors say that the capital structure has a dynamic behavior and try to build models to identify the determinants of this dynamic capital structure. Some recent papers try to identify the variables that influence the speed of adjustment of capital structure. The objective of this research is to identify the determinants mentioned above in Brazilian companies, by analyzing the financial statements of companies listed in São Paulo Stock Exchange. The academic relevance of this study is to give an overview of the behavior of Brazilian companies regarding their optimal capital structure finding some information that can contribute to future researches.

The general objective of this study is to identify what factors lead medium-sized multinational companies to adopt IFRS Full or IFRS SME. In order to do so, the Institutional Theory was applied as research basis since it provides theoretical ground for the identification of the reason why companies make such a choice. This work also sought to identify which institutional changing mechanisms, whether coercive, mimetic and/or normative, are present when companies look for legitimacy in the process of adopting norms. The sample presented here comprises eight professionals responsible for decision making in accounting processes working for the referred companies, selected according to an availability criteria. This researched was carried out applying semi-structured interviews, which allow a deeper investigation of the issue. Collected material has been analyzed through Bardin's Technical Analysis of Content (2007). From the results, it was possible to identify that the companies have the IFRS Full as their first choice. It was also found that such decision is bound to the technical skill of the professional in charge, along with the growing perspective for the company within a short term. The professionals working in such companies do not analyze the available accounting choices in both cases, demonstrating that there is no relationship between the choice made and the evaluation of the model that best suits operations and results. Little prioritization/relevance by companies in adopting norms, as well as little interference by third parties and little interference by the mother company were found as inhibiting factors. As for the encouraging factor, the study found that the capacity of the professional in charge responds for the adoption of norms, which takes place as a result of normative and mimetic pressure when companies search for legitimacy. In addition, we submitted the results of this research to the Accounting Council (CRC SP) and the Big Four consulting firm, in order to have them validated and deepened, since those two have been often mentioned by the professionals. Such consulting raise aspects mostly approached by the professionals, i.e. the need for a more effective professional class representation and a support from auditing firms with the board of directors of the companies studied, in order to propel the processes of adopting norms and also to generate a sense of responsibility by the companies in such processes, besides holding the accounting professionals responsible.

Global warming is unquestionable, but the resulting impacts of climate change will affect people and places unevenly, since populations with unfavorable socio-environmental conditions experience these impacts disproportionately. In this context, this master thesis aims the analysis of adaptation public policies to vulnerable populations and climate justice at the national level. Starting from the analysis of the concepts of adaptation, vulnerability and climate impacts, we identified that in Brazil the poor people in rural areas of the Northeast semi-arid and poor people of urban peripheries, due to pre-existing vulnerabilities, are more exposed to risks and negative impacts of climate change. For these people, it is the State's duty to ensure the fundamental rights through public adaptation policies, especially preventive, in order to mitigate social inequalities, increase their adaptive capacity and become more resilient. Therefore, were analyzed public policies related to the climate issue at the federal and state level, checking those with potential to promote adaptation and climate justice for these people, through a human rights and human dignity protection approach. We conclude that although there is a climate legal regime in Brazil that enables adaptation actions, the concern about adaptation strategies is still very new. As a result, it is clear that the existing regime is unsatisfactory, with policies that privilege more relief actions than longterm adaptation actions.

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