Repositório RCAAP

This study aimed to find possibilities for the coexistence of digital and analogue media in the independent music scene. In order to contextualize the study it starts by describing the landscape of the musical industry since the beginning of the recorded music. It begins with a chronological review of the recording media to understand the progressive dematerialization levered by de digital technology. The dematerialization and the internet are the milestones for a changing paradigm with an impact on the music industry. Next it describes the way the digital media is changing the graphic design for musical projects. Some aspects are important like the democratization of the production resources and the possibilities of publishing provided by the internet. Some artists, who already grew up on the digital era, are using analogue processes as an inspiration. They produce physical objects which they promote using their digital skills and the potential of the internet. To try to identify publishing and disclosure habits in the independent music in Portugal we created a survey. Having the main findings of the research and the survey as a reference, we created a project entitled Colanimal. The purpose of this project is to spread and promote printing techniques and encourage the collaboration between musicians and designers creating posters and publications

In this work, using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, we present new insights into the genetic diversity, differentiation, and structure of Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima of western Iberia and the Azores and Madeira islands and of B. macrocarpa from southern Portugal. B. macrocarpa occurs only in southern Portugal and frequently in sympatry with B. vulgaris subsp. maritima, showing genetic introgression. B. macrocarpa has a better-defined structure than B. vulgaris subsp. maritima, which has a high degree of admixture. A great differentiation (FST ranging from 0.277 to 0.184) was observed among the northern populations of B. vulgaris subsp. maritima. In contrast, only a small differentiation (FST ranging from 0.000 to 0.026) was detected among the southern B. vulgaris subsp. maritima populations. The inland B. vulgaris subsp. maritima populations (“RIO” and “VMT”) are distinct from each other, which also occurs with the two islands’ populations (“MAD” and “AZO”). The existence of two distinct Atlantic Sea currents can explain the fact that Madeira is related to the southern populations, while the Azores is related to the northern populations. We consider that understanding the relationships existing within Beta spp. is key to future genetic studies and for the establishment of conservation measures. Our results show that the southern coastal areas of Portugal should be considered as a potential site for in situ conservation of the beet wild relatives. Special attention is needed in what concerns B. macrocarpa because this is a rare species that also occurs in a sympatric relationship with B. vulgaris subsp. maritima.

No summary/description provided

Global change and growing human population are exhausting arable land and resources, including water and fertilizers. We present inoculation with the endophytic plant-growth promoting bacterium (PGPB) Herbaspirillum seropedicae as a strategy for promoting growth, nutrient uptake and photosynthetic efficiency in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Because plant nutrient acquisition is coordinated with photosynthesis and the plant carbon status, we hypothesize that inoculation with H. seropedicae will stimulate proton (H+) pumps, increasing plant growth nutrient uptake and photosynthetic efficiency at low nutrient levels. Plants were inoculated and grown in pots with sterile soil for 90 days. Herbaspirillum seropedicae endophytic colonization was successful and, as hypothesized, inoculation (1) stimulated root vacuolar H+ pumps (vacuolar H+-ATPase and vacuolar H+-PPase), and (2) increased plant growth, nutrient contents and photosynthetic efficiency. The results showed that inoculation with the endophytic bacterium H. seropedicae can promote plant growth, nutrient uptake and photosynthetic efficiency, which will likely result in a more efficient use of resources (nutrients and water) and higher production of nutrient-rich food at reduced economic and environmental costs.

Drylands are highly susceptible to degradation and climate change, which has important ecological and socio- economic consequences worldwide. To halt drylands degradation, plant species selection for restoration is starting to include also a functional approach, but does not integrate belowground functional traits yet. Therefore we tested the use of mycorrhizal traits to identify native plant species which host guilds of beneficial microbes and therefore enhance multiple soil functions simultaneously – soil multifunctionality. We used a soil organic matter (SOM) gradient (0.9–1.9%) and evaluated the effect of 14 common and abundant native herbaceous plant species (+bare soil) on soil functionality. We measured several soil functions (soil microbial biomass, metabolic quotient, and enzymatic activities – dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase and phosphatase) and built a soil multi- functionality index. Soil multifunctionality was strongly associated with mycorrhizal traits across the analysed SOM gradient. Bare soils and soils under non- or low-mycorrhizal plant species displayed the lower soil func- tionality (both individual functions and multifunctionality), while soils under Fabaceae species (Medicago truncatula, Astragalus corrugatus and Lotus halophilus) displayed the highest. For each plant species, the highest soil multifunctionality was observed at the SOM-richer site. Soil multifunctionality was strongly associated with all the mycorrhizal traits but mycorrhizal intensity and AMF spores abundance were more correlated with soil multifunctionality than mycorrhizal frequency. Our data show that: i) AM traits can be good indicators of simultaneous multiple soil functions in drylands; and ii) soil multifunctionality in drylands can be improved by management practices promoting SOM accumulation and favouring specific native plant species.

Despite its importance as a component of urban green spaces, as far as we are aware no study has focused on plant diversity in urban green corridors (GCs). Therefore, this study aimed at: (i) characterizing tree and shrub communities in Lisbon’s GCs and (ii) assessing whether GCs’ users value trees and shrubs. We counted Lisbon’s GCs users in the same places where we assessed the tree and shrub community. Along the nine GCs, we observed trees and shrubs belonging to 70 species, distributed across 35 families with most (≥50%) species and plants being trees, exotic, pollinated by insects, with fruit dispersion by animals, evergreen leaves, and producing dry fruits. Most GCs had a similar number of users (20–30 users h−1 survey−1) except for those of Central and Ribeirinho, which were more frequented (60 and 100 users h−1 survey−1, respectively). Most users (≥50%) were adults, walking accompanied, and performing leisure activities. Finally, the number of users was shown to be influenced by: (i) tree and shrub relative abundance, confirming that users preferred greener corridors; and (ii) function(s), showing that users preferred the most multifunctional GCs (i.e., GCs fulfilling ecological, cultural, and recreational functions). Our data suggest that Lisbon’s GCs favor more the inclusion of citizens than ecological functionality and resilience.

Soils are essential to life on Earth but are rapidly degrading worldwide due to unsustainable human activities. We argue that soil degradation constitutes a key Earth system process that should be added to the planetary boundaries framework.

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) inputs in the Mediterranean Basin are projected to increase due to fossil fuel combustion, fertilizer use, and the exacerbation of agricultural production processes. Although increasing N deposition is recognized as a major threat to ecosystem functioning, little is known about how local environmental conditions modulate ecosystem function response to N addition, particularly in the context of Mediterranean-Basin ecosystems. Here, we assess how N addition affects important ecosystem properties associated with litter decomposition, soil physical-chemical properties, soil extracellular enzymatic activity and microbial abundance across three long-term N addition experimental sites in the Mediterranean Basin. Sites were located in El Regajal (Madrid, Spain), Capo Caccia (Alghero, Italy), and Arrábida (Lisbon, Portugal) and are all representative of Mediterranean shrublands. No common pattern for litter decomposition process or other studied variables emerged among the control plots of the studied sites. Nitrogen supply only affected soil pH, a major driver of decomposition, in two out of three experimental sites. Moreover, when we explored the role of N addition and soil pH in controlling litter decay, we found that the effects of these factors were site-dependent. Our results point out to local ecosystem features modulating N addition effects in controlling litter decomposition rates in Mediterranean ecosystems, suggesting that the responses of soil functioning to N deposition are site- dependent. These findings provide further knowledge to understand contrasting ecosystem responses to N additions based on a single field experiments.

The riots of 2005 in Mocímboa da Praia and the current violent attacks in Cabo Delgado province have resulted in a range of unsettling rumors. This article revisits the riots and their aftermath to make sense of the rumors that have spread since then, fueling fears of violence and uncertainty. These disconcerting rumors are especially rich in what they tell us about the perception of the political Other and the narratives that materialize following violent events. The way in which rumors circulated and were believed or discarded draws a rough picture of the local political arena. This article discusses the elusive nature of trust following sudden violence and addresses the role and relevance of rumors as an obstacle to the creation of peaceful trust relationships.

Twenty issues and around 10,000 pages after its launching, Pessoa Plural―A Journal of Fernando Pessoa Studies celebrates ten years. It is not we who do not stop, and it is Pessoa who does not stop nor will stop and will continue to be better known in the years to come. Vinte números e umas 10,000 páginas depois do seu lançamento, a revista Pessoa Plural―A Journal of Fernando Pessoa Studies celebra 10 anos. Não somos nós que não paramos. É Pessoa que não pára nem parará. É Pessoa que continuará a ser mais e mais conhecido no futuro.

Throughout the world, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted family routines, relationships, projects and sociability, threatening the health, income, social cohesion, and well-being of individuals and their families. Lockdown restrictions imposed during the first wave of the pandemic challenged the theories, concepts, and methods used by family sociologists and the intersecting fields of gender and social inequality. By restricting physical interactions to co-resident family members, the household regained a privileged role as a crucial social laboratory for studying the impact of COVID-19 on family life. The difficulties encountered by individuals in maintaining and dealing with close relationships across households and geographical borders, in a context in which relational proximity was discouraged by the public authorities, exposed the linked nature of family and personal relationships beyond the limits of co-residence. The main aim of this article is to investigate the social impacts of the pandemic on different types of households during the first lockdown at an early stage of the pandemic in Portugal. Drawing on an online survey applied to a non-probabilistic sample of 11,508 households between 25 and 29 March 2020, the authors combined quantitative and qualitative methods, including bi-variate inferential statistics, cluster analysis and in-depth case studies. The article distinguishes between different household types: solo, couple with and without children, extended, friendship, lone-parent families, and intermittent arrangements, such as shared custody. A cross-tabulation of the quantitative data with open-ended responses was carried out to provide a refined analysis of the household reconfigurations brought about during lockdown. The analysis showed how pre-existing unequal structural living conditions shaped the pathways leading to household reconfiguration as families sought to cope with restrictions on mobility, social distancing norms, and other lockdown measures. The findings stress that, in dealing with a crisis, multilevel welfare interventions need to be considered if governments are to cater to the differentiated social needs and vulnerabilities faced by individuals and families.

I - In the example of La totalidad imposible are made the assumptions to define site-specific painting. Concepts such as topos / locus are articulated with the problem of musealization in order to formalize the specificity of this painting. The position of the painting on display is determined (also) by its pre-figuration: by a representation where the regime of implementation specified in the citation (in the representation and in the title) allows the cutting, repetition, mise en abyme and the mise en scène to participate in a performative way. II - «In advance of» distinguishes itself by using citation as a constant resource on representation and in the title. The fragment is conceptualised as a part of the representation: fragment as formal statement of a figural order. III - The Museum as Muse: an option to intervene in continuum. Nimium ne credere colori exemplifies how the performativity of a place within the regime of co-presence of exhibitions is achieved from games made in trompe l'oeil to camouflage representation. IV - ConTemplar ou A moldura como limite allows to give focus to the theme / concept of the frame that spans the previous examples: while parergon, as assumed in presence or represented, in whole or fragmented, complete or incomplete. V – Site-specific Painting: five works for the former Convent of San Francisco in Lisbon. Photographic documentation of the corpus of practical dissertation

Este trabalho teve como objetivo implementar, otimizar e validar um método de quantificação de quatro componentes gasosas, monóxido de carbono, CO, dióxido de carbono, CO2, propano, C3H8 e oxigénio, O2, numa matriz de gases de escape. O método desenvolvido permite ao Instituto de Soldadura e Qualidade, ISQ, com uma futura acreditação, certificar misturas destes quatro componentes na matriz de interesse. Para esse fim, iniciou-se com a consulta dos manuais do cromatógrafo gasoso Inficon Micro GC Fusion e dos métodos implementados no ISQ para certificação de misturas gasosas, obtendo uma fundamentação sólida por onde iniciar o desenvolvimento do novo método. Uma vez que a determinação da composição de misturas de gases é regida pela norma ISO 6143, utilizou-se o procedimento descrito nesta norma internacional como referência ao longo do trabalho desenvolvido. Utilizando os parâmetros exigidos pela norma, foram determinadas duas gamas de trabalho que satisfazem os objetivos estabelecidos pelo ISQ. A validação do método desenvolvido baseou-se na ISO 6143 e no “Guia Relacre nº13 – Validação de métodos internos de ensaio em análise química”. As incertezas apresentadas foram calculadas recorrendo ao software xGenline desenvolvido pelo National Physical Laboratory, NPL, e expandidas para um grau de confiança de 95%. Finalmente, avaliou-se a exatidão e precisão do método analisando materiais de referência certificados calculando o coeficiente de variação, erro relativo e erro normalizado para todos os componentes.

This essay is an ethnographic analysis of the life history of a middle-aged man living in a small town in southern Portugal during the “austerity” crisis. Pedro’s initial engagement with caring for older persons eventually led him to a fascination with “things”, to such an extent that his friends jokingly call him a coisista (a ‘thingist’). His life story, as that of someone who has become a specialist in dealing with what happens to domestic objects when households break down, can help us throw light on the complexities of the process of objectification. Taking recourse to a long tradition of phenomenological analyses, the essay focuses on the mysterious relation between things and objects attempting to relate it to contemporary developments in sociocultural anthropology of the notions of personhood, company, and transcendence.

Em decorrência do aumento drástico da tecnologia moderna, a circulação de pessoas entre os países tornou-se fácil e acessível para grande parte da população mundial, principalmente nos países que pertencem à União Europeia. A presente exposição tem como principal foco os conceitos e repercussões da dupla tributação internacional e do regime do residente não habitual criado por Portugal. Para uma melhor análise, passaremos a colocar regime do residente não habitual em comparação com os regimes de benefícios fiscais europeus semelhantes e traremos as atuais divergências com alguns desses Estados-Membros, bem como os seus desfechos. Estes regimes fiscais têm com principal característica a redução da taxa de imposto sobre o rendimento dos contribuintes, sendo utilizado como meio de atração do investimento estrangeiro. Em decorrência deles, assistiu-se, quer a nível Europeu, quer a nível da Organização para Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico, uma tentativa de combater ou controlar os efeitos negativos da concorrência fiscal entre os países. Sendo um tema atual e muito comentado mundialmente, a exposição se concentrará, inicialmente, em delimitar os princípios do direito fiscal internacional, conceitos basilares da dupla tributação, globalização e de residência, como também todas as figuras similares atendíveis para tais assuntos. Passando por analisar mais pormenorizadamente e com mais abrangência os principais aspectos fiscais e legais subjacentes à aplicação do regime do residente não habitual, sendo abordados conceitos e compreensões do que se entende por residente não habitual, como também uma análise do enquadramento legal, características, objetivos, requisitos, vantagens, resultados e números. Assim, nos é possível ter uma visão geral da aplicação do regime do residente não habitual até os dias atuais, bem como tecer críticas, soluções e projeções.

The paper aims to study nominal and locative predication in Upper Guinea Portuguese-related creoles and the West African languages, mentioned in the literature as substrate - Mandinka, Wolof, and Temne - and/or adstrate - several Atlantic languages. We will look at three features that characterize the copular systems of Upper Guinea creoles: (i) the split between nominal and locative predication, (ii) nonverbal predication, and (iii) copulaless predication. The comparison of our findings in the Upper Guinea creoles and in the languages that contributed to their formation and/or to their further development will allow us to assess influences of the latter in the emergence of the predicational system of this group of creoles. Further outputs will be to show, on the one hand, the grammatical proximity of Upper Guinea creoles as to their predicational system and, on the other hand, to uncover possible commonalities and differences among the Atlantic languages.

Weld (Reseda luteola) was one of the main sources of yellow dyes used for dyeing textiles and to prepare artists’ pigments in Europe until the 19th century. For the first time, this work explores the technology of preparing weld lake pigments in the 19th century by Winsor & Newton (W&N), a renowned supplier of artists’ materials. Five recipes were discovered in the W&N 19th century Archive Database and reconstructed in the laboratory. W&N was extracting weld in neutral and basic media, and preparing the insoluble lake by complexation with Al3+ in the form of alum (KAl(SO4)2•12H2O) or hydrated alumina (Al(OH)3). Five yellow lake pigments were successfully obtained and characterized by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Their chromatographic profiles display as main yellows, luteolin 7-O-glucoside (Lut-7-O-glu) or both Lut-7-O-glu plus luteolin 3′,7-O-glucoside (Lut-3’,7-O-glu). In two of the processes, the presence of gypsum (CaSO4•2H2O) was unequivocally detected by FTIR, being formed as a by-product. This work offers the first identification of weld lake pigments’ characteristic infrared bands. The W&N Database proved again to be a unique source of information on 19th-century artists’ materials and their commercial preparation. The knowledge gain is essential to ensure effective conservation and authentication procedures.

A coletividade na reparação por dano, é um tema atual e de eminente interesse prático, que tem como instrumento jurídico em benefício da cidadania, o acolhimento eficaz da teoria da reparação de danos, na perspectiva da responsabilização civil contemporânea, desenvolvida numa abordagem relacional entre ramos diferentes do direito (Direito civil, direitos difusos – área urbanística), na busca de estabelecer a possibilidade de condenação de agressores a interesses metaindividuais por danos “morais” à coletividade, a qual se constitui como o terceiro. O debate sobre essa problemática dá-se a considerar o fenômeno do alojamento local, nomeadamente em Alfama, no Conselho de Lisboa, Portugal, para constatação do dano extrapatrimonial, a partir de situações fáticas concretas, embora hipotéticas, de repercussão jurídica. Nesta perspectiva, constitui objetivo geral discorrer sobre as consequências do alojamento local em Alfama e do processo de gentrificação turística enquanto atividades potencialmente geradoras de lesão aos direitos de uma coletividade, no intuito de reparar esta coletividade vítima de dano não patrimonial. O trabalho apoia-se em pesquisas do tipo bibliográfica aliada à técnica de revisão de doutrinas baseadas nas legislações e jurisprudências portuguesas e estrangeiras. Nessa ordem de ideias, os moradores de Alfama constituem aquela coletividade que se apresenta como um novo ente sujeito de direitos, em decorrência da violação do ordenamento jurídico e da ofensa a valores e bens mais elevados dos moradores, da lesão a direitos ou interesses com grau de prejuízo social, vinculados à projeção coletiva da dignidade da pessoa humana, com atribuições punitivas, persuasivas e socioeducativas.

A presente dissertação tem como objetivo analisar os efeitos das principais vicissitudes das cláusula compromissórias no âmbito internacional. Iniciaremos o estudo com uma abordagem introdutória das principais pertinências envolvendo a cláusula compromissória como a distinção entre cláusula compromissória e compromisso arbitral; a influência do princípio da autonomia da cláusula compromissória; as formas de consentimento com a arbitragem; bem como os efeitos decorrentes da cláusula compromissória; bem como o enquadramento de uma arbitragem como comercial internacional e as questões envolvendo a escolha da lei aplicável. Serão analisados os tipos de patologias que podem afetar a cláusula compromissória e os princípios interpretativos utilizados pelos julgadores, bem como as cláusulas escalonadas. Em seguida, abordaremos situações que autorizam a vinculação de não signatários à cláusula compromissória. O trabalho também abordará a extinção da convenção de arbitragem.

É muito comum surgirem nos noticiários histórias de crianças que são abandonadas em condições sub-humanas, ou de mulheres que, influenciadas pelo estado puerperal, provocam a morte de um recém-nascido, ou, ainda, de interrupções de gravidezes feitas em clínicas clandestinas, com graves desdobramentos à integridade física da mulher e à vida do nascituro. Também é corriqueiro serem divulgados dados demonstrando a morosidade dos processos de adoção, que se reflete na grande quantidade de crianças vivendo indefinidamente em abrigos públicos, à espera de uma nova família. Esses problemas sociais há muito tempo demandam atenção do Estado, que tem falhado na implementação ou no aperfeiçoamento de políticas públicas que possam, ao menos, minorá-los. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar se o parto anônimo, instituto que vem sendo incorporado ao sistema legal de alguns países europeus, ao longo das últimas décadas, poderia ser recepcionado pelos ordenamentos jurídicos do Brasil e de Portugal, servindo como alternativa apropriada à desburocratização do processo de colocação de criança em família adotiva e, também, como meio eficaz no enfrentamento das práticas de abandonos trágicos de recém-nascidos, infanticídios e interrupções voluntárias de gestações feitas em ambientes sem as mínimas condições sanitárias, a partir da disponibilização de um mecanismo estatal de entrega legal de recém-nascidos às mulheres que enfrentam uma gravidez indesejada e que não pretendem estabelecer relação materno-filial com o ser gestado, garantindo-se o anonimato de suas identidades. Parte-se da premissa de que a entrega anônima trará maior dignidade aos envolvidos, através da proteção de suas vidas, da preservação de sua saúde e da ressignificação do direito à convivência familiar, fundada no reconhecimento da importância das famílias socioafetivas, que garantirão a adequada assistência afetiva, moral, intelectual e material ao nascido anonimamente. Iniciaremos o percurso de nossa investigação analisando a chamada “roda dos expostos”, que é apontada pela doutrina especializada como o antecedente histórico da figura jurídica do parto anônimo, que inclusive vem ressurgindo em vários países ao redor do mundo, através das chamadas “caixas de bebês”. Em seguimento, após a conceituação do parto sob anonimato, analisaremos quatro dos modelos vigentes na Europa, cada um com suas particularidades, que serão por nós distinguidas, apresentando ainda o posicionamento do Tribunal Europeu dos Direitos Humanos sobre o tema. Dentro da sistemática adotada, aprofundaremos a discussão sobre os interesses envolvidos, principalmente a dicotomia entre o direito à reserva da vida privada da genitora e o direito ao conhecimento às origens do nascido sob anonimato. No último capítulo, discorreremos sobre os motivos justificantes que embasariam a admissibilidade do parto anônimo no sistema luso-brasileiro e, também, sobre os pressupostos para a estruturação de um modelo lícito nos referidos países, a partir da experiência do direito comparado. Concluiremos afirmando que o modelo derivado do parto anônimo tradicional, denominado parto confidencial, vigente no sistema alemão, é aquele que melhor se adequaria à realidade luso-brasileira.