RCAAP Repository

Urban afforestation is an essential element in raising the population's quality of life. Bearing in mind that urban afforestation is insufficient in most cities in the country, this problem is more visible in the city of Balsas-MA, where a good portion of the streets and avenues are not properly and sufficiently forested. The work aims to carry out a qualitative and quantitative inventory of the species in the afforestation of Balsas-MA and to understand the population's perception of the afforestation of Balsas through the application of an electronic questionnaire. To obtain the data, the study area was delimited as being the center of the city of Balsas, and then a characterization of the species found through field trips was made to obtain the data. Based on the data obtained, it was observed that there are few arboreal individuals and that exotic species dominate the studied area, with Nim (Azadirachta indica) corresponding to 50% of the trees. Regarding the perception of the population, the data obtained show that a large part of the population is unaware of the harm caused by inadequate afforestation, but they recognize the benefits and although they have attributed the responsibility for the afforestation of the city to the city hall, most of the interviewees would be willing to contribute. maintaining the city's afforestation. It is hoped that the study can support the implementation of the Municipal Plan for Urban Arborization in the city of Balsas, covering short, medium and long term actions.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of white-fleshed dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus) at harvest and postharvest to determine fruit quality and the feasibility of harvesting the fruits at different outer fruit color stages. The treatments consisted of four peel color stages – S1 (<25% red peel), S2 (25%-49% red peel), S3 (50% to 75% red peel) and S4 (>75% red peel) – and two evaluation times (at harvest and one day after full red peel color), which corresponded to 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after harvest for the S4, S3, S2 and S1 color stages, respectively. The total, peel and pulp weights, pulp yield, peel thickness, pulp firmness, pH, total soluble solids and peel, scale and pulp colors were evaluated. The peel and scale colors are reliable indicators of fruit quality. It is possible to extend the postharvest shelf life of the fruits by harvesting at the S1 stage, but this negatively affects yield and final quality; the fruits are smaller and less sweet, making harvesting unfeasible at this timepoint. Despite the higher yield and quality of fruits harvested at a more advanced ripeness stage (S4), the postharvest shelf life is considerably reduced. Thus, fruits at stages S2 or S3 should be harvested to obtain higher yield and quality.

The demand for natural foods with biological activities has been growing more and more in the world. In this context, teas are considered the most consumed beverages worldwide because of their phytochemical compositions and biological activities. The present work aimed to evaluate and compare the phenolic composition and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of industrialized and artisanal teas of Camellia sinensis, Peumus boldus and Ilex paraguariensis. The infusions were prepared by adding 100 mL of distilled water at 100 ºC over 1 g of the herb at room temperature for 10 minutes. The analysis of total phenolic compounds was performed using the Folin-Ciocalteau method. For the analysis of antioxidant activity, the DPPH free radical scavenging method was used, and the results were expressed as a percentage of scavenging. For the analysis of antibacterial activity, the agar diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was used. The sample with the highest phenolic content was the industrialized version of green tea, followed by the industrialized version of boldo tea and artisanal green tea, which did not differ statistically. Artisanal green tea presented the greatest antioxidant activity, followed by its industrialized version. As for antibacterial activity, there was no inhibition halo. Due to its higher phenolic content, industrialized teas are a promising option for consumers, however, more research is needed to highlight the compounds of these products, in addition to analyzing other biological activities.

Vitamin D (DV) is a pre-hormone and performs several functions: regulator of bone development, has antiviral, antifibrotic, immunomodulatory activities, and according to studies it may be able to reduce the risk of death from coronavirus infection, virus that was first identified in Wuhan (China) in December 2019 and spread rapidly around the world. Thus, the objective of this integrative review is to know what the world literature has published about the clinical importance of RV in preventing coronavirus infection. To search for the articles, the descriptors contained in the DeCs were used: [vitamin D / Vitamin D], [immunity / immunity] and [coronavirus infection / coronavirus infections], consulted in the Medline database. The inclusion criteria were: complete articles, available in Portuguese and English, published between 2011 and 04/2021. Thirty articles were selected in the English language, in which about 36.4% (11) discuss the factors that influence the serum levels of the RV organism and its implications for coronavirus infection, and 63.3% (19) address the mechanisms of action of the RV in the immune system in relation to coronavirus infection. It is known that the VD modulates the function of immune cells, in an innate-adaptive immune system interaction, regulates the expression and secretion of cytokines, therefore, the therapeutic intervention with VD can prevent and treat this disease, preventing mild cases from becoming serious. Therefore, supplementation would be the effective therapeutic tool to counter RV deficiency, but further clinical studies are needed to effectively prove its effectiveness.

This article discusses a topic that, according to the representative of the company UPTEC Construção e Tecnologia Ltda.  (UPTEC) have been a bottleneck between the production sector and the admission: the release of the worker, even after he has been approved to be admitted to the company. The problem is that some workers tend not to present two types of certificates of mandatory possession in electrical areas, according to the Regulatory Standard (NR), NR-10, item 10.8/Training, posted in  Ministerial Ordinance No. 3.214/Safety and Medicine of the Work (SMT) (BRASIL, 1978): one is related to a basic course, where the basic rules about work in electricity are given, such as rights and duties in areas of prevention and the other course is about the Electric Power System (SEP), where topics related to the profession, such as how to work safely with a view to productivity. In order to carry out this study, data and information were collected via e-mail for some workers in the electrical sector, with a view to knowing how they were presenting / delivering the certificates required in item 10.8 / NR-10. To process the data, the Windows® operating system was used, on the Excel platform, to tabulate and some quality tools, such as the check sheet, the histogram, the Pareto graph. The results of the study pointed out that the use of quality tools can assist in making managerial decisions and as a proposal to improve the admission process, an action plan was developed.

Introduction: Human beings coexist with numerous bacteria, but pathogenic species have plagued mankind for millennia until the advent of the first antibiotics. However, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, both in hospitals and in agriculture, has generated high rates of bacterial resistance and has become a problem with imminent disruption. The present study aims to analyze the multifactorial etiology of bacterial multiresistance mechanisms, the prevalence of the main bacteria involved in this process and its impact on public health. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review about the processes and consequences of bacterial resistance. The inclusion criterion was compatibility with the theme and relevance. Results: 46 articles were analyzed, half of which are original articles. Among these, 6 articles carried out a survey of the prevalence of pharmacoresistant bacteria in nosocomial environments, with a sample of 646 patients in which Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated in 27.11%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 19%, followed by Escherichia coli with 16%, and Staphylococcus aureus with 4.75%. Discussion: With 25 to 50% of antibiotic administrations in hospitals considered irregular, their indiscriminate use and the slow formulation of new therapeutic options, among others, contributed to the development of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains during the antimicrobial era. The main pharmacoresistance mechanisms include antibiotic modification; preventing the action of the antibiotic on its target; alteration of the primary binding site; and producing an alternative target to circumvent the drug's effect. Final Considerations: Bacterial multidrug resistance increases morbidity and mortality, length of hospital stay and expenses with supplies and specialized staff. It was established as a problem that tends to worsen over time, therefore, comprehensive studies focused on bacterial prevalence are necessary to outline public health strategies aimed at its control.

Objective: to describe the appropriate conducts for the management of burn patients, according to the level of assistance (pre-hospital or hospital), the severity and the particularities in the care. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review of complete articles available in the LILACS, SciELO and MEDLINE databases, using as descriptors "Burns", "Burn Units" and "First Aid", published between 2010 and 2020. After a critical analysis, 8 articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria, which comprised the final sample of the study. Results: Adequate care for burn victim patients must follow rigid and pre-established protocols, highlighting pre-hospital care with the injury, according to the type of burn that occurred, as well as continuing with the treatment of a team multiprofessional, respecting the particularities in the conduct of cases of special populations. Conclusion: The management of burn patients requires specific skills, knowledge and clinical assessment for the evolution of a better prognosis.

In the teaching of mathematics, the need to bring proportionality closer to the student's daily life has been increasingly discussed and the Inverted Classroom provides significant learning that can assist in this process. Therefore, the objective of this work is to present arguments that justify the use of the Inverted Classroom in the teaching of proportionality, as it is a methodology accessible to students and that follows the pace of current technologies. This research is a qualitative literature review study for the purpose of theoretical deepening on the subject. The results show that the Inverted Classroom intensifies the relationship between student and teacher, changes classroom management, allows conditions for students to pause and rewind the teacher and helps students to overcome differences. In this way, this research defends the approach of proportionality in a non-mechanized way, and that is closer to the reality of the students, making use of the Inverted Classroom as an instrument to enhance learning.

The present study aimed to analyze intoxications in children and adolescents. This is a descriptive, retrospective study with a quantitative approach, carried out in a public tertiary hospital in the State of Ceará. The intoxication records of patients, suspected of acute poisoning by toxic agents, were evaluated in 2019. 959 records of patients aged <1 to 15 years were analyzed, and it was observed that there was no difference between males (50, 89%, n = 488) and the female (49.11%, n = 471). First, the age group between 1 and 5 years, responsible for 43.80% (n = 420) of the cases, in second place, from 6 to 10 years with 27.84% (n = 267), third place of 11 to 15 years old with 26.80% (n = 257), and in the fourth and last <1 year of age with 1.56% (n = 15). In relation to toxic agents, scorpionism were the most prominent, 78.62% (n = 754) of the cases, followed by drugs with 6.05% (n = 58), venomous venomous animals (snakes) with 3.23% (n = 31), non-venomous animals with 2.92% (n = 28), industrial chemicals 2.61% (n = 25) and household cleaning products with 1.25% (n = 12). With regard to accidents involving venomous animals, 80.65% (n = 25) of the cases were caused by snakes, 1.72% (n = 13) by scorpions and 33.33% (n = 2) by spiders, requiring in some cases the use of antidotes. It is concluded that accidents involving children and adolescents are becoming more and more frequent, which promotes the need for campaign strategies for greater guidance, monitoring and psychological help in schools, public spaces and the internet.

The objective was to conduct a reflection focused on the challenges and perspectives in the fight against obesity in primary care. Obesity is a serious public health problem, considered a worldwide epidemic. Its prevention in the context of primary health care requires the mobilization of a qualified and integrated multidisciplinary team. The professionals carry out food and nutrition education strategies aimed at individuals, families and communities; they contribute to the strengthening of the right to healthy eating and establish links with users of the health system. Care at the primary care level becomes an opportune moment for changes in eating habits. Difficulties related to this theme are recurrent in the professional practice of nutritionists, which requires a change in the view of public management for greater support to nutritional assistance. It is recommended the training of professionals involved in the primary care process in order to reformulate their training practices and adopt new concepts and practices in the work process in order to improve the population's quality of life by promoting health and preventing obesity and its problems.

Objective: To know the perception of nursing graduates about training for work in the area of oncology. Method: Exploratory research, qualitative approach, developed in an Institution of High Complexity in oncology in the West region of Paraná. Data collection took place from April to May 2019, through semi-structured interviews, with 35 nurses being employed in the care of cancer patients. Thematic data analysis was carried out. Results: Three thematic units were elaborated: Challenges in Oncology, Training to operate in Oncology and specialization in Oncology. The nurses pointed out the difficulties to perform this care and the lack of contact with the theme during graduation, seeking specialization to support knowledge. Interviewees’ respondents propose how the topic should be addressed in the curriculum. Conclusion: It is necessary in order to expand the discussion on oncology during the nurse's graduation.

The Assessment is characterized as an instrument capable of defining the student's learning conditions and their relationship with teaching. Thus, the assessment of learning by students with disabilities should have the same function that it has for other students: being formative, procedural, mediating, investigative and inherent to the pedagogical process. In this way, we list as general objective: To analyze the types of existing conceptions about school evaluation in the researches submitted to Revista Brasileira de Educação Especial. For this we have defined the following specific objectives: identify how researchers perceive school evaluation in special education and the prevailing educational paradigms; characterize the type of school evaluation present in the writings of researchers in the period 2006-2020 and understand how research on school evaluation is being developed for the target audience of Special Education in an inclusive perspective. This research has a qualitative approach, and of an exploratory and bibliographic methodological nature. The interstice selected for the Study of Art refers to the year 2006 to 2020, the justification is due to a period in which all published numbers are available in the Scielo virtual library. In this period of fifteen years, 61 editions were launched, and these have made our corpus of analysis. 594 surveys were identified that dealt with special education in a general context, by reaffirming the search for evaluation in special education, we delimit our research corpus with a catalog of 26 surveys. We identify the preference in evaluations that do not contemplate the educational scope.

Abstract Objective: To determine, from an integrative literature review, the prevalence of cerebral palsy in neonates with mothers affected by Zika virus in Brazil. Methodology: Full articles from the Medical Publications (PubMed) and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) databases were used. For the search, the descriptors were used: Infection by Zika virus, Zika virus, newborn and cerebral palsy; obtained according to the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS), with the Boolean operator “E / AND”. After applying the inclusion criteria defined above, nine articles were selected for review. Results: Regarding the place where the study was carried out, 77.78% were carried out in the Northeast region of the country. One of the studies had a sample of 538 individuals. The prevalence of cerebral palsy associated with congenital Zika virus infection ranged from 15.2% to 100%. Conclusion: It is concluded that there is a high prevalence of cases of neonates of mothers affected by ZIKV with cerebral palsy. These data reinforce the need for early intervention services and resource planning to support these families in healthcare and community settings in Brazil. Keywords: Infant; Newborn; Zika virus infection; Cerebral palsy.

Objective: this article aims to analyze the available database on the use of software in nursing care, as well as cataloging and making available a list of articles aimed at this update on doing health. Methodology: this is a review of the literature, therefore, a search was performed in the periodical databases CAPES and LILACS, published in the last five years and with bibliographic information. In addition, Health Sciences Descriptors (DECS) were used: Softwares; Nursing care; Innovation. Results: scientific articles were found focused on assistentialism and modernization of nursing work, demonstrating that the use of this new way of doing health is in the reality of the nursing team, therefore, there is a need for this team to monitor the pace of evolution according to the needs of the labor market. Final considerations: a greater publication of studies in the area is undoubtedly necessary, so that professionals have more scientific basis on the transformations in the health field, in addition to a greater interest on the part of the nursing team in updating the way of doing health.

Tobacco (Nicotina tabacum) is a crop that is present mainly in the southern region of the country, so it can be a good alternative for small producers in the countryside. With this, the accomplishment of a study through questionnaires shared by thirty producers of the Region of Campos Gerais, in the state of Paraná, they could present individually, through descriptive and multiple choice questions, to present their form of cultivation, to point out suggestions and also their main difficulties, such as fertilizing the soil. Thus, generating the possibility of creating ways to take information that is relevant to producers and that can somehow leverage their production, ensuring quality of service and also of product.

This study aimed to demonstrate the scientific productions about the assistance provided to the patient victim of Cranioencephalic Trauma - TBI, especially with regard to nursing and epidemiological data that involve this problem. This is a bibliographic search, carried out from December 2020 to January 2021. The search for scientific articles was carried out in the following databases: Virtual Health Library (VHL), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). 15 articles were selected to compose the current study between 2016 - 2020, later discussions about the studies were elaborated. By reading the articles, it was possible to identify the importance of initial care for the victim of TBI by the nurse, in addition to the care taken during hospitalization and the applicability of the Glasgow scale in these patients. It is concluded that the application of adequate care reduces the risks and possible damages afterwards to the client victim of TBI.

This work presents an environmental geographical approach directly associated with the use of Geotechnologies as a form of phytomass assessment. This analysis is directed to one of the Conservation Units located in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso do Sul, the Private Reserve of Natural Heritage (RPPN) Fazenda Penha, created in 1997. From the Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 images, the analysis was sought of space - temporal behavior in the period of 29 (twenty-nine) years based on images from the USGS, before and after the creation of the RPPN. The spectral index used was the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), in addition to the multitemporal composition from the results of each year, the multitemporal composition for the red bands and the multitemporal composition for the near infrared bands of each year. The evaluation also involved the study of the surrounding areas, with the generation of shock absorbers of 5,000 meters. the images show the loss of phytomass in the Serra do Amolar region. The same occurred in the vicinity of the Unit. There was less reflectance in the near infrared range and greater reflectance in the red range. It is suggested that in 2016 there was a lower incidence of precipitation or greater evaporation in the region, contributing to a severe drought in the Serra do Amolar and consequently lower NDVI value.

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world, with tremor being one of its main symptoms. The existing treatments for tremors have several restrictions and side effects that end up limiting their use. Thus, the idea of alternative treatments, using engineering, arises, which are less invasive and without side effects. The scope of this work will be to present and discuss the main solutions involving engineering for the reduction of pathological tremors that have been found in recent years. For the purpose of following a research methodology, keywords were used to perform searches in some of the main scientific databases, and with some filters applied it was possible to identify 26 articles dealing with the topic we wish to study. As a result, it was possible to notice a considerable increase in the study of the subject in recent years and to observe the existence of 4 categories of alternative treatments: functional electrical stimulation (FES), mechanical actuators, damped systems, and intelligent materials. After the research, it was concluded that the solutions using FES and mechanical actuators were the most studied and those that are in more advanced stages of testing, having products on the market that use FES as a treatment for pathological tremors.

The study aimed to characterize the gross motor performance and motor stimulation opportunities present in the home environment of infants with microcephaly by Zika virus (ZIKV), comparing them with infants without microcephaly from public health institutions in Northeast Brazil, and to verify the impact of microcephaly and associated factors on the outcomes assessed. Case-control study that used infants' birth, gestational, and maternal sociodemographic data, and the tests: Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM), Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development (AHEMD), and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the impact of microcephaly on tests associated with sociodemographic or clinical factors. Forty infants with microcephaly due to ZIKV, mean age 15.3 (3.1) months, and 40 infants without involvement, mean age 14.8 (4.4) months participated. 85% of the infants with microcephaly due to ZIKV classified in level V of the GMFCS. Significant differences (p<0.001) were evidenced for all dimensions of the GMFM, for stimulation variety, fine motricity toy and AHEMD total score, with values always lower in infants with ZIKV microcephaly. Microcephaly associated with infant, maternal and residence variables are factors that may explain the GMFM score (p<0.001). The results reinforce the need for comprehensive, family-centered care, since the resolutivity of ZIKV impacts on motor development and care provided by families is an important public health issue.

Objective: to describe the planning strategies and the development of remote education on the nursing process in the COVID-19 Pandemic. Method: this is an experience report about the remote teaching strategies undertaken in the discipline of Fundamentals of Nursing III on the Nursing Process with data collection period from July to November 2020. The analysis performed was of the descriptive type. Results: interactivity in remote education was essential for the continuous planning of the virtual environment through the use of tools and applications in the face of the social isolation imposed by Pandemia. Final considerations: the possibility of seeking interactivity in remote education in the following aspects: continuous planning; the teacher as the one who mediates knowledge; combining the virtual learning environment with the current needs of remote education.