RCAAP Repository

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of Xpert® MTB/RIF in the state of Goiás, Brazil. Methodology: Cross-sectional study based on records filed in the Mycobacteria Section of a reference laboratory in the diagnosis of diseases of interest in public health in the state of Goiás. Data were collected on samples linked to suspected cases of tuberculosis processed in the period between October 2017 and October 2018. Pulmonary and extrapulmonary samples that presented Xpert® MTB/RIF results and culture were included in the study. The information collected was used to compose a database with the following variables: clinical specimen, result of Xpert® MTB/RIF, result of culture and type of culture (solid or liquid). For calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV), growth in culture was taken as a reference. Results: 3262 samples were eligible for the study, 3068 of pulmonary origin (94.1%) and 194 of extrapulmonary origin (5.9%). The Xpert® MTB/RIF showed general sensitivity and specificity of 87.1% and 97.6% for samples of pulmonary origin and 80.0% and 97.3% for samples of extrapulmonary origin. The test performance varied according to the clinical sample and the type of culture taken as a reference. Conclusion: The Xpert® MTB/RIF test demonstrated in the present study to be an important diagnostic tool for cases of tuberculosis in both pulmonary and extrapulmonary samples, with good sensitivity and specificity. The results, as with any other methodology, should be interpreted with caution and based on the association of clinical, epidemiological and laboratory criteria.

This article presents an application of the SERVQUAL tool adapted to evaluate the service quality provided in an interstate passenger transport company in the state of Minas Gerais. The research sought to identify which factors influence the quality evaluation of service provided to passengers and, for this purpose, the characteristics valued by passengers were evaluated. The study has an applied, exploratory and descriptive nature, being classified as a quantitative work, as it used statistical models to explain the data obtained. This study demonstrated that the adaptation of SERVQUAL scale, with its five original dimensions, presented four factors, in sequence, which influence the quality service provided: assurance and reliability, tangibility, empathy and responsiveness. The study will enable the organization to establish actions in its strategic planning considering the results and the new scenario environment facing the pandemic.

Due to its multifactorial etiology, caries disease is associated with several factors, including behavioral, environmental and socioeconomic factors, eating habits, family history of dental and past medical, previous experience of caries, as well as lack of dental services. Against the large number of factors that exist today that may be related to the onset of injury and the onset of caries disease, it is necessary to investigate the most recent scientific evidence on this subject. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review was to evidence the scientific literature on the risk factors currently related to the development of caries disease. A bibliographic research was carried out in March 2021 using the descriptors "Dental Caries"" Dental Care for Children"; "Health Education, Dental" and "Epidemiology", in electronic databases. After the selection of the articles, the data extracted from the selected articles were included in a standardized table, and the information obtained, synthesized in a table for better interpretation of the available results. Although there are several predisposing factors, most indicate that socioeconomic status, lack of dental access and eating habits are the most prevalent conditions for the onset of the disease. Due to the diversity of articles and conclusions found, comparations are difficult to be well defined. However, it is notorious the emergence of new risk factors associated with dental caries, because it is a complex disease of multifactorial etiology. Despite the variety of associated factors, it is concluded that the main predisposing factors associated with dental caries are sociodemographic and behavioral factors.

Intracanals medications with antimicrobial activity are important as adjuvants in disinfecting the root canal system. Therefore, this study evaluated, in vitro, the pH and antimicrobial activity of a new bioceramic intracanal medication (Bio-C Temp) compared to calcium hydroxide (HC) medications. The determination of pH was carried out by means of a pH meter in the periods of 30 minutes, 3, 24, 72 and 168 hours. The medications Ultracal®XS, Calcium hydroxide with saline (HC/Saline), Calcium hydroxide with propyleneglycol (HC/PG) and Bio-C Temp (bioceramic) were tested against biofilms of two strains of Enterococcus faecalis (ATCCs 29212 and 4083) using direct contact (DCT) and membrane restricted (MRT) tests. Bacterial survival was determined by counting colony-forming units (UFCs) and the data were compared statistically (P < 0.05). The Bio-C Temp paste showed the lowest pH value in the evaluated times. The HC/Saline and HC/PG groups showed greater action compared to the control in the DCT (P < 0.05) against the two strains tested. In addition, HC/PG showed greater antibacterial activity than Bio-C Temp (P < 0.05). All groups showed a difference compared to the control group in the MRT against strain 29212, and only HC/PG showed a significant difference compared to the control against biofilms of strain 4083. Bio-C Temp showed antibacterial action similar to Ultracal®XS, however showed less action in relation to HC/PG. The calcium hydroxide paste associated with propylene glycol showed advantages over the others tested.

The treatment and cure of various infections suffered great advances after the discovery of antimicrobials, however the indiscriminate use of these drugs caused bacterial resistance, triggering public health problems such as increased treatment costs. Among the search for new effective and safe therapeutic alternatives is the use of herbal medicines. The work aimed to evaluate in vitro the antimicrobial potential of the extract of Mikania glomerata (guaco) through the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration. The microdilution technique was performed in order to determine the efficacy of the hydroalcoholic extract of Mikania glomerata against the standard strains of Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC25923). Thus, it was found that the extract showed antimicrobial activity for the gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and for the gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922). The hydroalcoholic extract of Mikania glomerata was shown to be active with inhibition of microbial growth in varying concentrations in relation to all the microorganisms used in the study, with the antimicrobial activity of the extract possibly attributed to the existence of active compounds such as kaurenic acid and cinamolgrandifloric acid.

Basically, the state has the authority to regulate the use of land rights in the territory of Indonesia. However, the problem that often occurs is the disagreement between the Land Acquisition Committee and the holders of land rights in determining the amount of compensation, resulting in problems such as what happened in Palu after the earthquake which flattened housing buildings and required a plot of land for housing construction. Therefore, the aim of this research is to explore legal efforts for land rights that are affected by the acquisition for the construction of permanent housing to meet housing needs after the earthquake in Palu. The research method that used is legal research, while the approach that used in this research is statute approach. The results of data analysis shows the legal action of land rights holders that are affected by land acquisition for the construction of permanent housing by means of certificate cancellation, the cancellation of the certificate is based on law. Land acquisition for the public interest, including the interests of the nation and the State as well as the common interest of the people, can revoke land rights by giving compensation.

In a pandemic scenario due to the emergence of a new virus, a notable expectation has been generated around the performance of healthcare professionals as one of the essential pillars in the fight against COVID-19. However, the mental health of these professionals, who practice their profession under high levels of pressure and stress has been damage. To analyze the impact on mental health of healthcare professionals who work on the front line in the fight against COVID-19. It is characterized by a cross-sectional study of quali-quantitative approach, which aimed to analyze the mental health of 100 individuals who were active in the health service of the city of Lages - SC, applying a questionnaire prepared by the authors themselves. It was evident that 86% (n = 86) of the interviewees had already had previous contact with a patient suspected or confirmed with COVID-19 in the work environment and more than half of the professionals had feelings like anxiety, nervousness, tension and difficulty to relax outside the professional field. It has been shown that healthcare workers, especially those in contact with patients infected or suspected by COVID-19 had an impact on mental health during the pandemic. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new studies to identify in more detail the psychological overload on these professionals, in addition to fostering strategies aimed at promoting their mental health.

The article aims to present reflections on the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform, its historical trajectory and its current challenges, incorporating the understanding that it can be conceptualized as a civilizing process, respecting the citizenship rights of people in mental suffering and not just as a change of structure or health institution. This is a reflection article, with sessions that address important aspects in this context, such as psychosocial rehabilitation, harm reduction and the promotion of mental health care. Faced with a scenario in which the advances achieved in the three decades of the Psychiatric Reform in Brazil seem to be in a process of setback, showing a trend of (re)manicomialization of mental health care, it is emphasized that collective awareness is necessary, promoting a more expanded and humanized mental health care, fighting stigma and prejudice and claiming the achievements of the reform, through continuous social movements.

Chemotherapy cancer treatment is invariably responsible for triggering oral changes resulting from the decrease in the patient's immune response. Chemotherapy is one of the most used and effective forms of cancer treatment, however it triggers countless side effects in all organic systems, including in the oral cavity. Among them, mucositis stands out, one of the causes of greatest discomfort for the patient, also responsible for an instability in his quality of life. It is essential that the cancer patient seek a dental surgeon so that there is a prevention, treatment and monitoring of these changes aiming at an improvement in the quality of life before, during and after chemotherapy or any other cancer treatment. Therefore, it is extremely important to determine the main oral changes related to chemotherapy treatment, as well as to assess the prevalence of each change and its toxic effects.

Antimicrobials are drugs that act by inhibiting the growth or death of microorganisms, being the second most prescribed medication class in hospitals and responsible for 20 to 50% of hospital expenses with medications. This study aimed to analyze the profile of prescriptions for restricted-use antimicrobials in an Intensive Care Unit. This is a descriptive pharmacoepidemiological study with a cross-sectional design, with a quantitative approach of statistical analysis of secondary data from the Pharmacy sector at the Hospital Universitário de Lagarto / SE (HUL), between the months of January to December 2019, approved by the Ethics and Research of the institution Institut Faculdade AGES (Opinion number: 3,758,862). Of the 329 requests for antimicrobials for restricted use for the year 2019, 41.51% of them were elderly patients, 52.83% were male, 26.75% were diagnosed with sepsis and 23.40% were with respiratory tract problems. The use of Carbapenemic Meropenem (35.56%), glycopeptides Vancomycin (20.67%) and Piperacillin + Tazobactam (19.77%) were the most prescribed drugs. This result can be explained by the fact that they are broad-spectrum antimicrobials, initially used as empirical therapy in situations considered serious, and later maintained as a means of having more security and a wide effectiveness against various microorganisms. Subsidizing epidemiological indicators that can be used to improve health care, can provide the efficacy of proposed treatments, in addition to guiding points that need adjustment in the flow of prescription and release of such drugs.

Brazilian agriculture is a world reference in diversification, productivity, employment and development of sustainable technologies and practices. However, its image is also associated with negative environmental and social impacts, which has caused barriers to the sale of products. In the last two years, due to the new environmental policy adopted by the government that aims to soften the current environmental legislation, Brazilian agribusiness has become a central theme of discussions at the global level on the impacts generated by the agricultural market. Based on this, the study intends, by means of a literature review, to understand the historical process of corporate sustainability and the implications of its incorporation in the context of Brazilian agribusiness. Although the projections for the sector are of expansion and economic growth, it is understood as essential for national producers to act in line with the awareness of the consumer market regarding environmental preservation and despite the new environmental policy of easing the legislation, seek to combine production with Corporate sustainability.

The aim was to assess whether the appetite Visual Analogy Scale (VAS) can be useful as a tool for preventing unwanted weight gain or reducing the expected weight loss in patients undergoing gastroplasty. This is a longitudinal study, in which thirty patients submitted to gastroplasty, randomly selected, had their appetite measured in the first and third months after the surgery. The appetite VAS used contained data referring to the subjective feeling of hunger, satiety, fullness and desire to eat foods in general or specific (sweet, salty, spicy and greasy). The scale, for each item, has a length of 100mm, with a number from 0 to 10, where the patient himself marks a vertical line at the point where he feels his feeling of appetite for the item evaluated. The data were analyzed using the Student's t test, at the level of 5%. In the first month, there was stability in the sensations related to all items, compatible with the lack of desire to eat each type of food. However, this fact did not occur at three months after surgery, with less fullness and satiety and greater desire to eat specific foods. This fact can translate into a greater quantitative search for these foods, favoring weight gain or reducing the speed of weight loss. It is concluded that the appetite VAS used is a tool that can be useful in monitoring this type of patient, directing the team's strategies for greater effectiveness.

Introduction: In the north and northeast of Brazil, where the Brazilian Amazon region is located, there is a high prevalence of disease outbreaks caused by pathogenic microorganisms present in food. The improper storage of these foods is a major cause of contamination with consequent infections and food poisoning. Objective: To evaluate the hygienic-sanitary quality of food intended for consumption in vessels on the Coari-Manaus shipping line. Method: This is a research with a quali-quantitative approach, with a descriptive-exploratory design. For microbiological characterization, samples of chicken, fish and beef stored in two vessels were collected, followed by the application of the checklist of storage conditions, which provided fast and reliable results that allowed the monitoring of the microbiological safety of food. Analyzes of the presence of the following microorganisms were made: aerobic mesophilic bacteria, psychrotrophic bacteria, total coliforms, thermotolerant coliforms, Salmonella, molds and yeasts. Results: The analyzes of the samples collected showed positive results for the microorganisms evaluated, confirming their presence in the food stored in the vessels. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study indicate that intensification of inspections on vessels is still necessary, as the contamination of these foods is of great risk to the health of human beings, prioritizing on-site monitoring of the measures adopted to control and prevent contamination.

Research on teaching in certain professional areas is important to understand the learning dynamics, thus revealing the importance of Education in Production Engineering and its impact on higher education courses. Furthermore, although this theme is not as representative in the area, it is of great value for the training of Production Engineers. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the themes and methodologies presented in the articles submitted to the National Meeting of Production Engineering - ENEGEP. To meet the objectives, a bibliographic and bibliometric review was carried out from the annals of the event for the years 2016 to 2020, considering the area of ​​Education in Production Engineering and its sub-areas. The searches resulted in 214 works, among which the Study of Production Engineering Teaching and Study of the Development and Application of Research in Production Engineering were identified as the main areas. As for the research methods used, the Theoretical/Conceptual prevailed. Thus, 214 works were obtained and analyzed to identify the main areas addressed in the period: Study of Production Engineering Education and Study of the Development and Application of Research in Production Engineering.

Objective: To analyze the hospital care capacity through requesting ICU beds in a reference hospital. Method: cross-sectional study, carried out at in a hospital located in the municipality of Sobral-CE, from January to march 2019. The sample was 489 patients. The primary outcome was the attendance capacity, regarding the availability of ICU beds, dichotomized as unattended and attended. Associative variables analyzed were: sex, age, origin, diagnosis, priority, number of requests, waiting time and service situation. The Wald chi-square test and multiple regression were used for data analysis. Results: a significant association was identified with between primary outcome and age, priority, clinical diagnosis, service situation and waiting time. Conclusion: the service capacity was restricted to solving the problems of the municipality, headquarters and surroundings population, in relation to intensive care, and results indicated a low supply of beds in relation to the demand for requests.

From the articles found, the authors made a proposal for guidelines for the use of exams based on scientific evidence, for the most used imaging exams in dentistry. The selection of articles was based on the following inclusion criteria: papers published between January/2000 and December/2020, literature reviews (systematic, integrative or descriptive), main theme related to the indication of dental radiographs and protocols for the indication of exams imaging devices used in dentistry. Collaborating with the public and supplementary health ecosystem and analyzing the rational use of resources, this work also aims to help entities and professionals in the area to carry out a prior analysis based on scientific consensus that considers the patient's age group and clinical situation for ordering dental imaging exams. Before requesting any complementary exam, a careful clinical evaluation is recommended. This process allows the adoption of the best dental practices and evidence-based clinical decision-making that includes not only the best treatment proposal, but also the best treatment opportunity and imaging exam selection. The proposed Guidelines for Image Examinations in Dentistry can be used by all actors involved in the provision of dental services and, due to the advancement of technology and aiming at maintaining in accordance with current standards, data update every two years.

Menopause is defined as the permanent interruption of the menstrual cycle, being diagnosed after a period of 12 consecutive months of amenorrhea. In these women, vitamin D levels can be changed. Thus, some studies have suggested the exogenous supplementation of this nutrient as a therapeutic alternative. The objective was to conduct a literature review on exogenous isolated and/or combined vitamin D supplementation in postmenopausal women. Several articles published between 2016 and 2020 were collected. The following descriptors were used: “post-menopause”, “nutritional supplementation” and “vitamin D”, defined according to the Health Sciences Descriptors - DeCS platform. The databases used were Scielo, LILACS and PUBMED. The selection of articles followed inclusion and exclusion criteria, previously established. 21 articles were included in the study, most of which were published in 2018 (n= 9.42.85%). The selected studies evaluated the effects of this supplementation in different aspects. The high and low doses of supplementation were compared, the effects of a combination of vitamin D with other nutrients were analyzed, as well as the influence of an educational process on the topic with the participants. These women were evaluated for such therapy, considering the practice of physical activity, the serum profile of sex hormones, the risk of cancer in smokers, as well as muscle and inflammatory parameters. In view of the above, it was observed that exogenous supplementation with vitamin D is a therapeutic option under constant evaluation. It was also found that combined supplementation was the most developed approach among studies.

The purpose of this literature review was to evaluate which onco-hematologic diseases are most frequent in alloimmunized polytransfused patients, to determine which are the most common erythrocyte antigens and anti-erythrocyte alloantibodies detected in the study population profile, and to identify appropriate measures to be taken to minimize alloimmunization rates in this transfusion-dependent population. Well-defined eligibility criteria were used, and the search was conducted in the electronic bibliographic data base Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE). Based on the criteria used, 10 articles were included in this review. It was found that the most prevalent onco-hematologic disease in the population studied was Myelodysplastic Syndrome and the most frequently detected alloantibodies were those associated with the Rh, Kell, MNS and Kidd systems. All the papers pointed to extensive erythrocyte phenotyping to minimize alloimmunization rates among patients with hematological neoplasms, as well as to reduce the risks of occurrence of transfusion hemolytic reactions. Therefore, performing phenotyping and genotyping to identify systems other than ABO/Rh, especially for chronically transfused patients who present with Myelodysplastic Syndrome, can minimize the risk of alloimmunization and its consequences with positive reflections on the safety and efficacy of transfusion therapy.

The environment and health relation is a theme that is being highlighted in debates and scientific events aiming at quality of life in our society. The necessary link between health and environmental aspects rose when the WHO (1946) defined health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not just as the absence of disease or illness. In Brazilian education, environment and health themes were initially encouraged through the National Curriculum Parameters, together with other issues through transversal themes, and the idea of promoting emerging issues development in all basic education areas of knowledge. Due initial and continuing training of teachers deficiency regarding the proposed themes, their approach often ends up being limited to specific dates and in a superficial and decontextualized way. Aiming at correct and adequate dissemination of these important themes that can improve the quality of life of society, the present study sought to diagnose how the environment and health themes are approached by teachers from four municipal middle schools of Alegrete / RS. After analyzing the data, it can be inferred that results reflect a scenario in which the environment and health themes approach occurs, however, in a disconnected and decontextualized way most of the time and with the environment theme being more valued than the health theme, disfavoring its link with the environment and consequently the relationship with the students' quality of life.

This article focus on analysing the traffic safety at a BR-020 segment, located in Distrito Federal. To achieve this goal, the highway, accident types and causes were characterized. Using the accidents data provided by the Federal Highway Police Department, it was possible to georeference them. Three methods that identify critical segments were applied to the highway: DNIT methodology, Ministry of Transportation methodology and Meneses’ methodology. After comparing the results from each methodology, flaws were found within each method, being the Meneses technique the most complete. Upon studying the critical highway segments, defective points were identified and improvements were suggested.