RCAAP Repository

The objective of this work was to determine whether preventive consumption of a homeopathic product via drinking water would protect mouse kidneys from a challenge with the nephrotoxic antibiotic gentamicin. We used 40 Swiss mice divided into four groups with ten animals each. The homeopathic product was supplied through water for 30 days in a preventive manner and gentamicin for 10 days to induce an experimental renal failure. The groups were as follows: Negative-CT (homeopathic and gentamicin was not provided), Positive-CT (did not receive homeopathic, but received gentamicin 40 mg/kg), T2 (received 0.002 ml of the product per animal/day, and received gentamicin 40 mg/kg), and T4 (0.004 ml of the product per animal/day and received gentamicin 40 mg/kg). On days 12 and 20, blood and tissue samples were collected from five animals in each group. No histopathological lesions were found in mouse kidneys. However, levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, reactive oxygen species, and nitrite/nitrate ratios in the kidney of the Positive-CT group were higher compared to the other groups. As for glutathione S-transferase, on the 20th day, the groups that used the homeopathic product (T2 and T4) had higher activities than the positive TC. Therefore, the results suggest that prophylactic consumption of the hepatoprotective homeopathic product can decrease lipid peroxidation, nitrous stress, and oxidative stress at the renal level when consecutive doses of gentamicin induce insufficiency.

Aiming to provide aid for planning biodiverse Agroforestry Systems (AF), this paper presents an analysis of the financial viability of four different agroforestry models, in the experimental field of Escola Municipal Rural Benedita Figueiró, Ivinhema – MS county. The analyzed AF arrangements are composed of 45 forest species and 9 species for commercial purposes: Coffee + Banana System, Coffee with Forest System, Pineapple System and Cumari System. After surveying the costs of implementation, maintenance and expected revenues, a financial analysis was made for the period of 20 years, using AmazonSAF spreadsheet. Three models presented final positive net balance, but underperforming in the stability phase. The consortium of Forest Species with Coffee and Banana proved to be viable for recovery with financial return. Coffee favors the peoject´s long-term cash flow. The shortest time to return on investment was obtained in the Pineapple System, as it represents a short cycle culture. The adopted spacing generated an shading excess, indicating the need of selective trimming, int the 6th year, of arboreal individuals who are removing the solar incidence on the cultivable lines. In the system planning phase, it is suggested to insert annual crops between the lines of AF Coffee + Banana, to reduce the period of return on investment. Research should be explored in order to establish guidelines for the composition of biodiverse agroforestry models, which can serve as a reference for farmers to find security in this type of production.

The intestinal microbiota influences important local and systemic processes for the organism, having in its composition probiotic bacteria that assist in the beneficial processes and commensal bacteria, which often cause infections. The aim of this article is to analyze the existence of a relationship between the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria and intestinal inflammation when plasma levels are deficient in vitamin D. For this, a literature review was carried out with a systematic search in order to capture the current information. on the topic, in order to contribute to the clinical direction. As a result of the analysis, it was found that vitamin D sufficiency favors the presence of probiotics and intestinal barrier integrity, and that deficiency is associated with the prevalence of pathobionts and intestinal inflammation. Therefore, maintaining sufficient serum levels of vitamin D favors intestinal health, enabling an enterotype dominated by probiotics, decreasing inflammatory markers and protecting the integrity of the intestinal barrier.

In recent years, Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) have been increasing worldwide, especially among adolescents. Thus, the study aims to investigate the knowledge that adolescents have about the main signs and symptoms of STIs. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, interpretative study, with a quantitative approach. The study was carried out in a Public Technical High School in the Northeast of Brazil through an online questionnaire. This analysis consisted of 595 students. The study shows that most students (73,6%) did not know what the main signs and symptoms of STIs were. Women had more information on this subject than men. The article demonstrates that students do not have adequate knowledge about the main signs and symptoms of STIs and this is worrying because they are in the sexual initiation phase.

Nutritional therapy in inflammatory bowel diseases has been consolidated over time as a very effective treatment and based on a diet aimed at tackling these pathologies. The nutritional means used obey well-structured criteria according to the scientific knowledge acquired in the extensive research history of these aspects of the health of ours. The present article, when trying to clarify these benefits, starts from the assumption that the incidence of these diseases is very high and that for their due treatment, a greater range of methodologies is necessary, highlighting which ones stand out as a nutritional therapy. Chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases are classified as of unknown causes. It is believed that they arise from the interaction of four fundamental factors: environmental, genetic, microbial and immunological. These diseases have a great impact on the patient's quality of life, which is marked by an overload of therapies, hospitalizations and surgeries. Keywords: Nutritional therapy; inflammatory diseases; hospitalizations; surgeries.

Introduction: COVID-19, also known as coronavirus, is the virus that has afflicted the entire world population. Therefore, it is necessary to know the impacts caused by dietary changes that have affected nutrition and food security in this pandemic scenario. In this way, a bibliographic survey was carried out with literature researched on Google Scholar, with ten articles selected within the proposed theme. It demonstrated that the restrictions caused by social isolation affected individuals psychologically and mentally, directly affecting eating habits, as there was an increase in the consumption of ultra-processed foods, a decrease in the consumption of fresh foods, a reduction in physical activities, weight gain. These aspects cause malnutrition, consequently malnutrition and obesity. Thus, the immune system is reaching, generating aggravating outcomes in patients with COVID-19. In view of the above, it is necessary to have a follow-up from the nutritionist, to obtain guidance on good eating behavior combined with the practice of physical exercises that can help metabolism to obtain positive reactions to the treatment of this pathology.

The study investigated the association of anthropometric and hemodynamic variables with the presence of arterial hypertension in sedentary individuals. A total of 3,168 volunteers of both sexes (1,189 men and 1,979 women) who started a gym participated in the study. Body mass, height, waist circumference (WC) and hips, skinfolds, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were measured, and the waist-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-height ratio were calculated, mean arterial pressure and body mass index (BMI). To verify the association between variables and arterial hypertension, binary logistic regression (crude and adjusted) was used. In the adjusted analysis for systolic hypertension, an association was observed with weight, height, fat mass, age group, WHR and diastolic hypertension. Individuals over 40 were 2.5 times more likely to have systolic hypertension than those aged 18 to 29, and subjects with greater body mass and diastolic hypertension were 1.1 and 14.9 more likely to develop systolic hypertension. While in the adjusted analysis for diastolic hypertension, associations were observed with age, weight, HR, BMI and systolic hypertension. And individuals aged 30 to 39 years with systolic hypertension were 1.6 and 14.2 more likely to have diastolic hypertension. It is concluded that anthropometric and hemodynamic variables are associated with the presence of isolated systolic or diastolic hypertension in sedentary people, and that older individuals may be more likely to have hypertension compared to younger ones.

Objective: To understand the routine of activities and the repercussions of the hospitalization of the companions of the pediatric ward in a cardiology hospital. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional research with qualitative analysis. The sample consisted of 7 mothers who were hospitalized with their children. The data were collected in 3 moments: sociodemographic questionnaire, instrument for routine hospital analysis and semi-structured interview. Discussion: Hospitalization involves an intense situation for mothers. Feelings such as anguish, fear and feelings of abandonment are common to arise. Despite praising the hospital's structure and professionals, they were dissatisfied with their activities and care routines. The accompanying mother became fragile and overwhelmed in the face of treatment, feeling vulnerable and, often, abandoned, corroborating the need for support from family members and health professionals. Conclusion: A child's hospitalization directly affects the lives of family members. In view of this, these professionals need to insert the family in their care plans, facilitating their interaction and providing actions that consider the singularities of the companion, such as listening, respect, bonding and welcoming.

Describe the etiology and resistance of bacterial isolates from blood cultures of patients admitted to the Intermediate Care Room of the University Hospital of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina / PE. All blood cultures, performed by the Clinical Analysis Laboratory of the University Hospital, between January and December 2020 of patients admitted to the Intermediate Care Room through retrospective and quantitative analysis were retrospectively analyzed. The data were tabulated in Excel® spreadsheets and an analysis of absolute and percentage values was performed. The identification of bacteria and antibiograms were performed using the automated BD Phoenix ™ system, according to the methodology of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute of 2020. 113 blood cultures were collected, 29 of which were positive (26%) for bacterial growth. The most prevalent bacteria were coagulase negative Staphylococcus (45%), Escherichia coli (17%) and Staphylococcus aureus (10%). Staphylococcus spp bacteria showed resistance to ampicillin and penicillin, while Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii showed important resistance to carbapenems and cephalosporins. There was a predominance of gram-positive bacteria and 55% of the bacteria were Staphylococcus spp, all of which showed resistance to ampicillin and penicillin. In addition, there was resistance from K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii to carbapenems and cephalosporins. Through the study of the microbiological profile of bacteria related to nosocomial infections, it is possible to build adequate empirical antibiotic therapy protocols, as well as the design and implementation of preventive and control measures for these infections.

Objective: To describe the dehospitalization process from the perspective of patients with long-term chronic diseases admitted to a university hospital. Methodology: This is a qualitative research carried out in the Adult Clinical Care Unit of a University Hospital in northeastern Brazil, from August to September 2017. Results: From the data analysis three categories emerged: socioeconomic and clinical aspects that interfere in the process of de-hospitalization of chronic patients; difficulties faced during the process of de-hospitalization of chronic patients in discharge conditions and; proposals for carrying out dehospitalization. Conclusion: As coping strategies for the difficulties encountered, one should (re)know the user, caregiver and family, identify difficulties and seek ways to overcome them effectively and creatively. For this to occur, the support and articulation of other services in the health care network is essential to guarantee the proper monitoring of this user/family and continuity of safe care.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the good manufacturing practices of canteens in elementary schools and day care centers in the municipality of Madalena – CE. The research was carried out in five canteens, three of which for elementary school and two day care centers, corresponding to 100% of public institutions in the city. A checklist of good manufacturing practices based on RDC nº 216/2004 of the National Health Surveillance Agency, with 182 items, was applied in school feeding units. The check list evaluated the building items, facilities and utensils; cleaning of facilities, equipment, furniture and utensils; integrated vector and urban pest control; water supply; food preparation and display, and documentation and registration. The method of evaluating the results was given by the classification into five groups, being these, "very good", "good", "fair", "poor" "very bad", corresponding respectively 91 to 100%, 70 to 90%, 50 to 69%, 20 to 49% and 0 to 19% adequacy of requirements. Microbiological analyzes were also carried out on the water used in the preparation of meals. The results showed that the percentages of adaptations in relation to good practices through the checklist ranged from 7.7 to 76.5% for the evaluated requirements. The water samples analyzed showed total coliform contamination for all analyzed samples. It is concluded that several aspects related to good manufacturing practices need to be reassessed, requiring an intervention for the adoption of pertinent actions, aiming at paying due attention to the preparation of the food provided in these units.

This article addresses the central contemporary issue: digital access to education. This is a bibliographic review study that is organized as follows: initially, the text brings a parameter between what education has been and what has become today due to the closure of educational institutions within the context of a pandemic, showing the primary differences in the way of teaching and learning. It also shows how exclusionary and demotivating the lack of access to new technologies is for students in public basic education, outside the classroom, in an environment that exasperates distractions. It is also observed how the faculty has worked to face the difficulties, as well as possible solutions to the connectivity problems arising from the poor distribution of income. For the purposes of this study, scientific articles by renowned authors, published in recognized journals in Brazil and in the world, were used, in addition to using our own experience within the context of the pandemic, at work, at home and in studies to endorse the project. One of the conclusions of the research indicates how distant the reality is from the desire to have accessibility for all for an equal qualification, which can guarantee a legal dispute in the world of work. It also shows that due to the lack of knowledge, countless semi-literate workers are unable to access their rights, nor help their children with schoolwork online.

The emergence of forest fires may be of anthropic or natural origin, both of which cause significant socio-economic and environmental damage, and in the good part of these occurrences are resulting from Fire Foci (FF) occurrence. In recent years, Brazil has suffered from a significant increase in FF, resulting in large fires. In this way, the objective of the present study was to diagnose the spatiotemporal FF behavior in Brazil between 1999 à 2020, based on the BDQueimadas data of the CPTEC/INPE. The handling and processing of the data used the R version 3.4-1 environment software. After the data storage, it calculated the total, annual, and monthly records. And the composition of the most significant years, in this case, the years 2015, 2017, 2019, and 2020. The results pointed out that the most significant total and average annual accumulations ranged between 10-50 thousand FF and 0.5-1.5 thousand FF, respectively, concentrated in the central-northern region of Brazil, mainly in Maranhão, Pará, and the Tocantins. This pattern of high FC records is related to deforestation and agricultural expansion in these regions. On a monthly scale, the most significant occurrences of FF occur between August and November, with 0.2-0.45 thousand FF, due to starvation. In recent years, the El Niño-Southern Oscillation influenced the annual FF performance through the persistence of long stretches of styling, which resulted in a shortage of rainfall and large fires verified in 2020 in the Pantanal biome.

User absenteeism in the health system consists of not attending the scheduled appointments and scheduled procedures at SUS. The objective of this project was to identify the factors that influence the absenteeism of UBS patients in scheduled appointments. This is an exploratory, descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The collection instrument was telephone interview, which one was taken from the consultation books of UBS Laranjeiras - Marabá / PA. Descriptive statistical analysis of the participants' profile and content analysis were used to research the reasons for absences and the patient's understanding of this act consequences. The profile of the participants was mainly female (75%), non-white (96.8%), with a mean age of 33.9 years and 66.7% were unemployed at the time of the interview. The management of the unit, the inadequacy of the scheduled appointments dates, the difficulty with the users' displacement to the UBS, environmental factors, the doctor-patient relationship and the patient's lack of knowledge about the procedures were found as motivators of absenteeism. Patients' perception of absenteeism consequences showed users who recognized the damage that could be caused to other users or themselves and patients who were unaware of or neglected this damage. Finally, it must be recognized that there are difficulties in relation to the communication between the user and the UBS and, thus, look for alternatives that reduce existing noise and that allow a better contact between the subjects.

In view of the constant environmental concerns in teaching for sustainability, with the intention of protecting rivers and oceans and improving the quality of life, the need to contextualize teaching for scientific literacy is evident. This article is a brief systematic review of the literature within the Portal CAPES periodicals, considering that it is known as one of the main virtual resources of academic research. A survey was carried out on the theme of household solid waste disposal as a generating theme within the perspective of the Science, Technology, Society and Environment (CTS/CTSA) approach. The objective was to address the relationship between the disposal of waste as a socio-environmental theme with the scientific literacy of students through the CTS/CTSA approach. The methodology consists of a systematic literature review, a theoretical study where 3 articles published over the period from 2016 to 2020 were found, with educational approaches that cover the theme of contextualization of waste disposal, in order to identify the research contributions related to this subject. Finally, a data analysis was carried out through a qualitative documental analysis. Therefore, the need for further studies within this theme was highlighted, with the purpose of keeping the CTS/CTSA movement alive as well as contributing to a society with quality and sustainable education.

Objective: to evaluate the influence of the teaching-learning method on the perception of quality of life (QL) and stress among nursing students at a Brazilian federal university. Method: cross-sectional study carried out on two campuses of a public university, data collected through a questionnaire containing items for socioeconomic, academic and lifestyle habits, the WHOQOL-bref and the PSS-10, to assess QoL and perception of stress , respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's Exact, Chi-square, T-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation tests. Results with p<0.05 were considered significant. Results: the sample consisted of 113 students from the active campus and 130 from the traditional campus, predominantly female (194;79.8%), non-white (183;75.3 %), with a mean age of 22.52±4.67 years, residing in the urban area (220.90.5%), who lived with their family (126;51.9%), did not exercise paid work (203;83.5%) and were enrolled in the first three years of the course (158; 65%). The global QoL had an average of 56.44±12.53 and the perception of stress was 23.99±6.71. Although there was no difference between the perception of stress, the active method students had better global QoL scores and in the psychological, social, and environmental domains (p<0.05). Conclusion: the active method students showed better results in the assessment of QoL, but there were no significant differences in the perception of stress between the evaluated groups.

A tomate é uma das hortaliças mais importantes do mercado brasileiro. A produção dessa hortaliça pode ser limitada pelo excesso de sais na água utilizada para irrigação. O uso de fitormônios, como o ácido salicílico (AS), é utilizado para minimizar os efeitos negativos do excesso de sais nas plantas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito atenuante do ácido salicílico no crescimento de tomateiro irrigado com água salina. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial incompleto 5 (doses de AS: 0,0, 0,29, 1,0, 1,71 e 2,0 mM) x 5 (condutividades elétricas da água de irrigação - CEa: 0,5, 1,3, 3,25, 5,2 e 6 dS m-1), combinados de acordo com a matriz experimental Composto Central de Box, com quatro repetições e duas plantas por parcela experimental. As avaliações de crescimento foram realizadas 45 dias após o início da irrigação com água salina. Foram avaliados a altura da planta, número de folhas, diâmetro do caule, taxa de crescimento absoluto e relativo para altura da planta, massa seca da raiz, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca total, índice de qualidade de Dickson, área foliar, área foliar específica e peso específico da folha. O crescimento do tomateiro foi reduzido pelo aumento da CEa. O ácido salicílico, aplicado exogenamente até 2,0 mM, não promoveu efeito atenuante da salinidade em tomateiro.

Objectives: To characterize immediate Transfusion Reactions (RT) and analyze the means for diagnosing these reactions. Methodology: This is a research with a retrospective, exploratory and descriptive longitudinal design, carried out at a Public University Hospital in Aracaju – SE, Brazil. All ethical aspects were respected approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Sergipe, data collection took place between 2019 and 2020. Data on transfusion reactions were extracted from the hospital's notification system and were characterized according to national and international protocols, as to the imputability of a Transfusional Reaction with clinical and laboratory criteria and with the temporal bond. The statistical analysis performed on the data was descriptive and inferential according to the researchers' variables and objectives. Results: The date of the transfusion incident and the notification in the system provided an average time of 3.91 days for professionals to notify the TRs. The transfusion history was not completed in 85% (67) of the notifications. The possibility of RT recurrences in these patients occurred between 1 to 18 days after the initial event and only 27% (n=3) were in different units. Final considerations: Transfusion reactions when notified demonstrate a rich source for more adequate care for patients undergoing transfusion treatment with blood components.

Objective: to analyze the oral health profile of inpatients victims of oral and maxillofacial trauma at the Institute Dr. José Frota Hospital, Ceará, Brazil. Methodology: a study carried out in 2020 started with an examination of the oral cavity at the bedside, application of the DMFT and The Bedside Oral Exam indexes, together with the survey of dental needs and application of the Oral Health Impact Profile Scale (OHIP-14), relating the findings, applying average, standard deviation and calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Spearman's correlation for the OHIP-14 finding. Results: We evaluated 78 patients, mostly male (88%), with a mean age of 32.72 ± 11.63 years old, with hypertension being the most prevalent comorbidity. Besides, 60% of the sample had a fracture in the lower third of the face. The average number of decayed teeth per patient was 5.69. About 62.82% had poor oral health, seen from generalized biofilm and swollen gums. Low-Level Laser therapy was indicated for 94.8% of the sample, periodontal treatment in 58.9%, restorative therapy in 69.2%, and surgical in 42.3%. Regarding the OHIP-14 questionnaire, facial trauma negatively impacted the participants' quality of life, especially in dimensions related to pain. Conclusion: there was a significant prevalence of oral diseases, such as gingivitis and dental caries, which justifies the need for dental intervention before the maxillofacial surgical approach.

The present study has as its theme the challenges faced by nursing students during the internship in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. This theme is a current and necessary discussion, given the difficulties encountered by the changes in education, with the adoption of remote classes and the instability of the health system where several students worked and carried out their internships, contributing to the confrontation of thousands of cases of contamination by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This research was formulated as a bibliographical, exploratory and qualitative study that has as its general objective to highlight the academic context regarding the supervised internship of the Bachelor of Nursing course during the COVID-19 pandemic period, revealing the difficulties and limitations encountered by students in the field. Regarding the results obtained, it clarifies that it was found that both the students and the professors of the nursing course faced difficulties in accessing, knowledge and concentration regarding the use of digital resources, as well as witnessed moments of insecurity, fear, impotence and anguish regarding the performance in the front line in combating cases of COVID-19. Thus, it is concluded that the current context provoked several reflections, mainly in the field of education, which needed to reformulate and adapt its methodologies in order to promote the continuity of professional and academic education. It is important to emphasize that there were positive aspects in this moment, where those students who made themselves available to work in front of the hospitals' front line experienced situations of struggle, joy and overcoming.