RCAAP Repository

Paleontology is the study of the evolution of life on Earth through the records left by the organisms, explaining the changes and dispersion of them as well as the modifications of the planet throughout its geological history. In view of this importance, an importantally in the process of disseminating this knowledge is the Didactic Book, material of a pedagogical nature that helps in approaching knowledge in class in a didactic way. Considering the above, the objective of this work is to investigate the approach of the theme “paleontology” in collections of scientific textbooks from the final years of elementary school. This work has a qualitative and quantitative character in the case of bibliographic research, which consisted of the analysis of Didactic Books of science in the final years of elementary school, in the municipality of Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul. The results analyzed denote a devaluation of paleontology in the materials due to the superficial, incomplete or absent approach to these issues. It was concluded that it is necessary to legitimize paleontology by Didactic Books in their collections, considering the importance of this theme in the articulation in different contents of natural sciences, as well as among the other curricular disciplines.

This article aims to assess the frequency of common mental disorder (CMD) among undergraduate students at a military training school, according to sociodemographic characteristics and behavioral aspects. The study was carried out in 2020, with 194 students between 17 and 25 years of age at a Merchant Marine officers training school (EFOMM). The reduced version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used to assess the presence of CMD. Data analysis showed that CMDs are present in 71.1% of participating students, with a higher frequency among young women, second year students, older, non-white students (brown, black and yellow), low socioeconomic status, non-heterosexuals and those who are most influenced by faith. The results of this study can help to identify more vulnerable subgroups, in addition to creating more focused prevention and management measures in the university environment.

Objective: Analyze the tools used in the non-drug treatment of systemic arterial hypertension in the context of primary care. Method: It is an Integrative Literature Review in which bibliographic survey was used as a methodological resource on the following platforms: Lilacs, Medline, CVSP, Scielo as well as the Google Scholar platform, adding scientific studies covered between the years 2015 to 2020. In this bibliographic survey carried out over the internet the descriptors were used: Arterial Hypertension, Non-pharmacological Treatments and Primary Care. Results and Discussion: Based on the studies used in this research, it was found that non-pharmacological treatments have a valuable importance for the therapy of systemic arterial hypertension, even reflecting the prevention of diseases in patients with risk factors and comorbidity. Conclusion: It was allowed to understand that non-pharmacological treatments have positive effects, but need continuous monitoring, taking into account the social context and personal difficulties of each individual.

Cervical cancer (CCU) is considered a public health problem in developing countries, showing high rates of mortality from this pathology among women of low socioeconomic status and in different reproductive periods of their lives. This article aims to obtain results from data elaborated through research already published on the subject, in which researchers are a key tool in understanding and explaining the problem-question. To carry out the article, a bibliographic review of the integrative literature review type was carried out – the search took place during the month of May 2021. For the selection of studies, an online search was performed in journals and in the following databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Ministry of Health and National Cancer Institute (INCA). The search for materials resulted in the selection of 22 articles, and after careful reading, 15 articles were selected and used in this research, which met the study proposal. It is essential that nurses appreciate and be engaged in the evolution of care, so that there is a change in mechanistic models, which focus only on the disease, and start to defend and provide care in a humanized, welcoming, empathetic, responsible and resolute manner. Valuing the woman as a whole, considering and understanding her experiences, seeking an exchange of knowledge making the environment comfortable and carrying out nursing guidelines as close as possible to the reality in which the user is inserted, so that there is greater likelihood of follow-up and resolution.

Dry needling has the main purpose of inactivating the myofascial trigger points present in the tense muscle bands, which are hypersensitive areas to palpation that have the stimulus of local pain and / or referred pain. The present study aims to report a case of the use of dry needling in myofascial pain syndrome. A female patient complained of temporomandibular disorder and myofascial pain syndrome, with the presence of trigger points in the masseter and / or temporalis muscles. Initially, an anamnesis of the RDC / TMD type was performed, followed by palpation of the respective muscles. The patient marked the intensity of the pain before and after the dry needling session, on a visual analog scale. To analyze the effect of dry needling, the data obtained were organized from the comparison of the results achieved with the techniques performed. It was found that dry needling was effective in treating the myofascial trigger point, considerably decreasing pain immediately after the session.

Candida albicans is the microorganism present in the oral mucosa responsible for about 95% of oral candidiasis. It is considered to be the main etiological factor in denture stomatitis, an inflammation process of the mucosa under the prosthesis. Antifungals are the most predominant treatment against c. albicans and demonstrate great efficacy despite many side effects, such as unpleasant taste, allergies and gastrointestinal reactions. Phytotherapy has been showing promise as an alternative therapy due to its advantages, mainly the antimicrobial effect and the reduction of adverse side-effects. Thus, the objective of this scoping review is to systematically explore the literature, to map and to summarize the available evidence regarding the use of natural products in the treatment of oral candidiasis. This protocol was developed in accordance with the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual and registered with Open Science Framework. The search for the articles will be carried out in three stages, using the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and LILACS databases, as well as additional sources of gray literature and reference lists of included studies. The terms “phytotherapy”, “biological products”, “oral candidiasis", “denture stomatitis", "candida albicans", and their related words will be used in this strategy. The data will be extracted into a form and presented as tables and/or images and as a narrative. This protocol will assist in the development of the scoping review to identify gaps and synthesize knowledge for the conduct of future primary studies. 

Aim: To analyze the results of the use of grafts from donors with the anti-HBc–positive serological marker in liver transplantation recipients. Methodology: Retrospective study with 64 liver transplantation recipients who received grafts from anti-HBc-positive donors, between January 2002 and December 2017, in a university hospital in Fortaleza, CE. Data collection was performed with a custom-made instrument based on medical records, including demographic and clinical data, as the use of antiviral prophylaxis and the development of hepatitis B in the post-transplant period. The data were processed in SPSS with statistical analysis. Results: Males were predominant, the average age was 49.2 years, and the main indications for the transplantation were viral hepatitis B and C. Among the patients who were HBsAg-reactive (25/64) in the pre-transplant, only one presented detectable viral load in the post-transplant period. Among the HBsAg-nonreactive recipients (39/64), nine (23.07%) cases of de novo hepatitis B were observed, five of which had anti-HBs-reactive in the pre-transplant. All nine patients presented elevation of hepatic transaminases, and two died. Final considerations: For greater safety, some strategies are indicated, such as the preferential use of grafts from a donor with anti-HBc–positive in HBsAg-positive recipients, as the use of an appropriate prophylactic regimen and periodic serological follow-up in the post-transplant period.

To get to know the family influence over women’s choice for planned home birth. It is an exploratory descriptive research, a qualitative approach. Data was collected through semi structured interviews, recorded, transcribed and submitted to content analysis. The sample, obtained through data saturation, was composed by six women that delivered at least one child in a planned home birth, in cities in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Emerged two subject fields: family convincing attempt and partner support as a decisive factor in woman’s choice for planned home birth. Empowering, safety and self-esteem are important outcomes when there is support from the partner, much more than other family members.

The nature of the fatty acid presented in each type of vegetable oil will determine the oil’s characteristic. The purpose of this review is to describe the medium chain fatty acids present in vegetable oils absorption mechanism and their benefits for human body, combined with technological advantages in the preparation of food formulations. Highlighting how the source of the raw material and the extraction method interfere with the concentration of fatty acids present in the oils. It is a review of narrative literature, which used as a theoretical framework recent scientific articles in the English language. Oils derived from coconut, palm kernel, and babassu, for example, have a solid or semi-solid characteristic at room temperature. This happens due to the presence of saturated fatty acids with medium-length carbon chains, that is from 6 to 12 carbons. Although medium-chain fatty acids are saturated, they present characteristics that are different from other long-chain saturated fatty acids. They are quickly digested by the body, which favors the absorption and the using of these nutrients, leading an impact on diseases’ control, such as obesity, diabetes and hypertension. In addition, due to their chemical structure, medium chain fatty acids can be used in the food industry as a substitute for animal fat, combining their nutritional benefits with technological advantage, being used in food preparations to impact texture, flavor, stabilize emulsions, and improve the rheological characteristics of the product.

Introduction: Osteoartosis is a degenerative disease that may or may not be associated with inflammatory processes, one of the possible therapeutic resources for the treatment of this disease is laser photobiomodulation. Objectives: This study aims to analyze, through a systematic literature review, the effectiveness of photobiomodulation and exercises in pain and muscle strength in knee osteoarthritis. Methodology: A bibliographic survey was carried out in the Medline, PubMed and Scielo databases, using as descriptors: osteoarthritis, photobiomodulation, physiotherapy, laser therapy. 35 articles were identified with year of publication between 2011-2020, written in Portuguese and English. Subsequently, the abstracts of the articles were read, eliminating 29 articles that did not meet the criteria. Results: 6 articles comprised this review, demonstrated different infrared laser parameters, and different exercise protocols, but all with good results. Conclusion: it is concluded that the use of infrared laser photobiomodulation associated with strength training has great efficacy in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Brazil is a country marked by countless inequalities, as well as episodes and narratives of discrimination against multiple minorities, among them are women.  In the context of this historical and cultural construction, the female subjects result in discriminatory and objectification procedures.  And when these women bring with them some disability they live a double abjection, having their stories marked by invisibility and social segregation.  By deciding to break the vicious circle of denial and to occupy the various spaces, such as joining universities, they face different barriers.  In this sense, we seek to analyze the access to higher education and the conclusion of studies, which are timely for women with disabilities, in order to understand whether these spaces have been a mechanism for guaranteeing the autonomy and independence of these women.  We conducted this study at two universities located in different regions of the country, in the Northwest Fluminense Institute of higher Education (INFES/UFF), located in the city of Santo Antonio de Padua/RJ and in the Federal University of Pernambuco/Agreste Academic Center (UFPE/CAA), located in the city of Caruaru/PE. Among the results obtained, we evidenced that, despite a legal framework, retaining the access and permanence of people with disabilities to higher education, there are still many necessary advances, in order to guarantee the inclusion, in fact, of these people to these spaces.  And when we talk about women with disabilities, these paradigms of inclusion maximize even more, because under them are the various socio-historical constructions that inhibit their effective participation in society and the realization of their rights. 

The structure of a plant community is important for understanding the forest ecosystem, ensuring its sustainable use. The objective of this work was to characterize the Park's plant composition and losses inherent to these types due to anthropic changes. The study area is located in Belém, with 44.06 ha in length. The caculated parameters were the importance value index, natural regereneration, size category, sociological position and expanded importance value. In areas A1 and A2, there was a balance in the values of VIFs for the most important families Clusiaceae, Arecaceae and Fabaceae. It is important to highlight, in Area A3, the families Arecaceae, Fabaceae, Clusiaceae and Caesalpiniaceae. Caraipa grandiflora and Mauritia carana presented higher values of IVIr% in the evaluated areas. Species that gained importance were those that obtained higher values of sociological position and natural regeneration and those that lost, even having representatives in the middle and upper strata, did not show natural regeneration.

This article has as specific purpose to present an analysis of how language works in/on the practice of reading in the classroom and its meaning in the learning of the subject-student from the use of the Portuguese Language textbook entitled "Tecendo Linguagens" - PNLD (2017-2019) - used in the 9th grade of elementary school in a riverside school located on Pacuí Island, in the city of Cametá, Pará. Methodologically, we conducted a qualitative and discourse analytical research, using the theoretical and methodological devices of Discourse Analysis. Affiliated to a discursive perspective, we analyzed the elements of presentation (summary and cover) and the construction of the set of images of the textbook; material that provided important discursive evidence so that we could bring in the construction of the narrative of this text, the urgent need to think about new ways of reading, of practicing reading in the school space, beyond the textbook and a capitalist project, urbanized that is totally distant from the reality of the subject-student who lives in the Amazônia Tocantina

Introduction: Mini-implants represent a great advance in Dentistry to assist in orthodontic treatment, also called micro implants and micro screws are known as temporary anchorage devices. Objectives: To carry out an integrative literature review, based on the analysis of anatomical landmarks, emphasizing the importance of studying anatomy when placing mini-implants. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review of a qualitative nature based on the guiding question: What morphophysiological changes interfere with the success of mini-implants in orthodontic treatments? The database was: National Library of Medicine of the USA (NLM - PubMed), using the following descriptors (MeSHterms): Anatomy; Mini-implants. Inclusion criteria were published in English, Portuguese and Spanish; publications between January 2000 and January 2021 and that addressed the subject in a satisfactory manner. Articles that do not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. A total of 198 works were found in full; of these, 3 articles were duplicated in the search strategies, thus totaling 8 selected. Results and Discussion: It was found that it is necessary to analyze the morphophysiological changes that can be found with the use of mini-implants. It was also observed that the size of mini-implants influences the increase in mechanical anchorage, as well as the incidence of the paranasal sinuses, concluding that the main determining factors in bone anchorage are bone density and placement depth. The use of mini-implants in the palate does not interfere with tooth movement, in addition to having enough bone, enabling the insertion of the mini-implant. The authors also report that there are multiple reasons for a mini-implant failure or complete loss, such as periodontitis and peri-implantitis, causing soft and hard tissue infection, especially when inadequate oral hygiene or poor post-surgical control persists. Final considerations: The knowledge and mastery of the anatomical structures of the head and neck, as well as the morphophysiological changes can lead to the implantation of orthodontic mini-implants, contributes to the achievement of clinical success, reducing side effects and the treatment time is reduced.

Introduction: Endodontic cements are used in root canal filling and are associated with successful endodontic treatment, filling the spaces between the walls of the root canal and gutta-percha. The sorption and solubility of these materials are properties that are related to the process of remineralization of periapical tissues and antimicrobial capacity, in addition to being parameters linked to deleterious effects, such as cement degradation and the consequent recontamination of the root canal. Methods: AH Plus cements (Dentsply, São Paulo, SP, Brazil), MTA Fillapex (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil) and Bio-C Sealer (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil) were handled following the manufacturer's instructions and stored in an oven at 37°. Subsequently, they were weighed on a precision analytical balance so that the samples were then placed in distilled water for 24 hours in an oven at 37° and thus, after removing the excess, the samples underwent sorption and solubility tests, and the averages were compared by Tukey HSD test. Results: regarding sorption, it was observed that MTA Fillapex had the highest value, whereas the other cements had lower values and no statistically significant differences between them. AH-Plus cement had the lowest solubility value, while Bio–C cement had the highest. Conclusions: Even with values higher than those recommended by ISO standards, Bio-C and MTA-Fillapex cements are still suitable for clinical use.

To avoid Foodborne Diseases (DTA) it is extremely important to implement Good Handling Practices (BPM) in food services (SA). One of the BPM procedures is the cleaning of fruits and vegetables, which must be done by washing the vegetables under running water and using sanitizing solutions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cleaning procedure for leafy vegetables. The hygiene evaluation was carried out in the SA participating in the categorization process in Santa Maria - RS. The survey was carried out from March to October 2019, with on-site follow-up visits by academics and audits by the city's health authorities. There were 45 SA participants in the Categorization, among them, the present research was applied in 74.4%. The most frequently sanitized foods were lettuce, arugula, radite and tomato / cucumber. In SA 65% used it and 34% did not use any type of product for disinfection. Not all washing steps were performed, controlled and recorded. It is concluded that the hygiene procedures were followed according to the legislation in some SA, but there were non-conformities that were improving. Training is essential for knowing the rules and improving processes, but inadequate practices need more attention from managers. Hygiene performed correctly and completely, with control and registration is one of the best ways to ensure food safety and avoid DTAs.

The general objective of this research is to evaluate the “in vitro” efficacy of different concentrations of dehydrated garlic (Attack Plus®), for the control of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus teleogens. Dehydrated garlic (Attack Plus®) was tested “in vitro” using four groups of teleogens, in quadruplicate, containing the control group and groups containing dehydrated garlic concentrations equal to 0.1%, 0, 5% and 1%(m/v). The teleogens of the control group were immersed for 5 min in 15 mL of distilled water and 5 mL adjuvant (mineral oil), while the other concentrations were immersed for 5 min in 20 mL of a solution containing 15 mL of distilled water, 5 mL adjuvant and dehydrated garlic in their respective concentrations. After immersion, the teleogens were dried on paper towels and fixed by means of adhesive tape on Petry plates, previously identified and placed in an air-conditioned oven, regulated at a temperature of 27 ºC, relative humidity greater than 80% for 26 days to observe oviposition. Afterwards, the oviposition content was weighed in its entirety and 0.3 g of this content was stored in test tubes, sealed with cotton wool and sent back to the oven, being kept for 26 days in order to assess the percentage of hatchability. After the treatments, the performance of the product (Attack Plus®) was positively concluded through the results obtained, where all groups were effective in the results, because even if the oviposition occurred, the eggs did not hatch.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) have become increasingly frequent worldwide, so they have become a major public health problem. The study aimed to describe the feelings experienced by women regarding the diagnosis of HIV / AIDS in a Serological Reference Center. It was a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and explanatory research. As for the main results, the discovery of the HIV / AIDS diagnosis was seen as a moment of transition in the person's life. It disorganizes being, relationships and life in society, especially among those closest to us, such as family and friends. This moment is also accompanied by uncertainty, anxiety, insecurity, fear of an unknown and frightening situation. Therefore, in the confrontation with the new reality, the person experiences moments of suffering. It is concluded that women who live with the HIV virus faced divergent and conflicting situations when receiving the seropositive diagnosis to learn to live with this new reality.

The bovine brucellosis is an infectious disease, as well as a chronic disorder of compulsory notification, responsible for several losses and the institution of sanitary barriers. The study had the purpose of analyzing the tendency the long-term vaccination in the Southwestern micro-region of Goiás, in between the years 2015 and 2020. The rates of vaccination against bovine brucellosis were calculated, so, later, the time trends of the vaccination could be calculated and analyzed. The data about the vaccination of the cattle herd, during the relevant period were garnered from the Goiana Agency of Agricultural Defence (Agrodefesa). In the Southwest of Goiás, the vaccination rates against brucellosis was 59% on the first semester of 2015 and 35% on the second semester of the same year. In 2017, it was 54% in the first semester and 29% in the second. On the first semester of 2018, the rates observed was 48% and 25% on the second. On the first and second semesters of 2019, they were, respectively, 58% and 29%. Finally, on the first semester of 2020, it reached 58%. The average of the vaccination rates on the aforementioned semesters was 44%. The area with the least vaccination amongst those studied was Chapadão do Céu (8%), on the second semester of 2017, and variation rates between semesters were 15.13% (IC95% - 28.7 a 1). Santa Rita do Araguaia had the two highest vaccination rates, 117% - the highest, on the first semester of 2020 with variation rates between semesters of 8,57% (IC95% - 20,2 a 4,8) – and 92% - the second highest, on the first semester of 2017 and variation rates between semesters of 8,57% (IC95% - 20,2 a 4,8). The long-term time trends were stable on most of the assessed municipalities. Considering that most of the rates were lower than 70%, on all the relevant semesters, the stability is a negative development. The results suggest little evolution on the vaccination program against bovine brucellosis on the Goiano Southwest, which could affect the prevalence of the disease on the micro-region in a negative fashion.

Objective: To review the available scientific literature, in order to synthesize some forms of adjuvant treatment available in the management of patients with FG. Methods: research on some indexing platforms, a total of 17 articles, published in the last 7 years, which related to adjuvant methods to the treatment of Fournier's Gangrene, in particular hyperbaric oxygen therapy and wound treatment therapy with the use, were selected of negative pressure. Results and Discussion: The methods used as adjuvants for wound closure contribute positively to the recovery of patients with FG, when reported after indication. The wound closure therapy assisted in the reduction, if useful in controlling the environment of recovery from the injury and reducing the time of clinical treatment without interfering in the mortality of the disease. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy has a direct antibacterial effect on anaerobics, improves the phagocytic action of neutrophils, increases angiogenesis and reduces edema. Negative pressure therapy is used in the acute and repair phases, accelerating the appearance of granulation tissue. Conclusion: The use of adjuvant methods to the treatment of Fournier's Gangrene is promising and, with exceptions, demonstrate better wound recovery when compared to patients who do not use them, and after professional and individualized clinical evaluation of the cases, such methods can be allies in the recovery of the sick.