RCAAP Repository

Here, we report the findings of a case study (qualitative) addressing issues related to government discourse, with emphasis on economic protection and disregarding the magnitude of COVID-19’s pandemic consequences on the population, instituting misthanasia as a measure of conduct. The decision to prioritize the cases troubles all health services, which might involve abandoning aggravated patients or members of risk groups. We note that the poorly planned mitigation policy and the unbalanced supply-to-demand ratio of health services will cause an increase in the number of fatalities among the cases that could have been avoided, misthanasia. Therefore, we conclude that the number of deaths by COVID-19 might even be hidden; nevertheless, the pain caused by deaths of a political-social etiological nature demonstrates sorrowing, mournful, precocious, and avoidable deceases.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) management therapy follows the parameters proposed in cardiovascular health (CVS) by the American Heart association (AHA) which includes behavioral metrics: smoking, diet and physical activity and biological metrics composed of BMI, blood pressure, serum cholesterol and blood glucose. Monitoring these metrics is associated with a reduction in CVD deaths and hospitalizations. With the same purpose, in Brazil, the family health strategy (ESF) promotes monthly meetings with educational actions, encouragement to practice physical exercises, scheduled medical appointments, and delivery of medicines in primary care. This study aims, through an integrative review, to discuss the existing difficulties in the control of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), considering the multifactorial aspect of the process of prevention and treatment.

This study aimed to investigate music and its effects on anxiety control in elderly people who were in long-term care facilities. It is a research with a quantitative and qualitative approach. Eight elderly people cared for at a Long-Term Care Institution, located in the city of Caxias - Maranhão, were surveyed. For data collection, observation techniques, semi-directed interviews, sociodemographic characterization questionnaire, field diary and application of the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, an instrument used to measure the degree of anxiety of the interviewees, were used. In the results achieved, it was found that about 50% of the elderly presented, in the first assessment on an anxious state, a degree of anxiety classified as mild, moderate and severe and that after the application of the 05 musical repertoire sessions, they presented a decrease in these degrees, going to a minimum and moderate rating. A lower prevalence of degrees of anxiety was identified in elderly males. It was also found that upon contact with music, individuals recovered some memories, which is extremely important for the elderly population, as it keeps the cognitive functions active. In this way, the results show evidence that music can be used as a therapeutic tool to promote a balance in the anxious state of the elderly population.

Reducing carbon dioxide emissions without affecting the world's energy supply has made the search for new energy sources an alternative to solve this problem. The reuse of agricultural residues appears as a good alternative. In 2014, Brazil had the capacity to produce approximately 5.5 million coconuts per day, and with this large production, a large amount of waste is also generated. Therefore, this work aims to present a study of the use of residues from coconut agriculture (leaf). A study was proposed for the use of this biomass in in natura form and in the form of gas, obtained through gasification by varying the residence time and the gasification temperature, in order to find the gas with the highest energy conversion yield. After characterization of the samples, it was possible to verify that biomass presents positive results for its use as an alternative source of energy. In the in natura form, the PCI value was 18.96 MJ.kg-1. In gasification, the highest value found was 10.46 MJ.Nm-3.

For the sugarcane field to produce satisfactorily, it is necessary to cultivate sugarcane genotypes that are adapted to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the region, in addition, it is also necessary to correct the soil so that the plant can extract from the soil all the nutrients necessary for its development. The objective of this work was to evaluate the productivity of sugarcane genotypes cultivated with and without liming during the cane-plant and ratoon cane cycles. The experimental design used was in DBC, with 4 replications, in a 10 x 2 factorial scheme, with 10 sugarcane genotypes and two lime managements (with and without application). The amount of lime applied was calculated based on the base saturation elevation formula with the result of the soil analysis, using 4.5 t ha-1 of lime incorporated into the soil in the sugarcane plant and 2.8 t ha- 1 on the surface of the cane. Plant height, average stem diameter, number of stems per meter, number of internodes, ºBrix, productivity were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means compared to each other by the Scott-Knott test. The results show that in the cane plant, limestone promoted an increase in plant height, stem diameter, stems per meter, and productivity. In soca cane, limestone positively influenced the number of stems per meter, and productivity, with ° Brix the only variable negatively affected. The genotypes that responded best to liming were RB93509, RB002754, RB962962, RB992506 and SP79-1011.

Most post-COVID-19 patients need physical therapy rehabilitation during and shortly after hospitalization according to the World Health Organization. And the physical therapy rehabilitation program has an emphasis and greater importance on the cardiorespiratory system. The aim of this article is to demonstrate how physical therapy resources can help improve these Post-Covid 19 patients, regardless of their status, whether mild, moderate or severe, based on research carried out on digital platforms: Scielo, Pubmed, Associações International with the descriptors coronavirus, pathophysiology and treatment, during a period of 6 months. Based on the researches carried out, it can be concluded that physical therapy rehabilitation through resources such as: thresold (linear pressure load device), RPPI (intermittent positive pressure breathing), manual resuscitator and resistance exercises can improve cardiorespiratory capacity and promote greater tolerance to the reconditioning of Post-Covid 19 patients, consequently improving their quality of life.

The growing demand for energy associated with the progressive decline in conventional oil reserves (extra-light oil, levels and medium) have encouraged the exploration of heavy and extra-heavy oils fields. However, due to several intrinsic characteristics of these oils, exploring, transporting and refining them are still challenges to be overcome. Thus, the present work aimed to present a bibliometric review on the main emulsifying agents that have been used in the stabilization of heavy oil in water (O/W) emulsions, in order to improve the flow of these oils under surface conditions (flow in pipelines). The research was carried out using the Science Direct, One Petro and Web of Science platforms, inserting the following keywords: Heavy crude oil; Oil-in-water emulsion; Stability; Pipeline transportation. The time span was limited to 10 years (2011-2020) and, subsequently, the inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied, in order to refine the research. As a result, a total of 18 scientific articles were obtained. Among the countries that were most interested in the topic, we can highlight India, Norway, Mexico, China, the United States and Iran. In relation to the emulsifiers most used in stabilizing O/W emulsions, surfactants and solid particles were the most cited. Although nonionic surfactants have been identified as the most efficient, more detailed studies are still needed to understand the mechanism of these agents, as well as to evaluate the ability of these compounds to stabilize O/W emulsions under surface flow conditions.

Dehydrated egg white is a product widely used in several applications, mainly in confectionery and bakery, however, when going through industrial processes it ends up losing some of its characteristics and functionalities. For that not to happen, research has been carried out looking for methods of dry thermal treatment that improve its characteristics and may also offer even greater microbiological safety. Thus, the objective of this work was to carry out a bibliographic review of the most recent research in this area, using Pubmed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), and the CAPES periodical portal as databases and having as descriptors "clara de ovo desidratada" and "egg white powder". The research returned with a grand total of 4684 articles, of which 12 (from the CAPES platform) were related to the application of dry heat treatment. The results showed that the application of these technologies has been successful, however, only on a laboratory scale, and the economic viability for industrial application has not yet been evaluated.

Objective: to map how adverse events are notified in the mobile pre-hospital emergency service. Method: This is a scope review protocol, carried out according to the methodological recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist, in order to answer the research question “How are the notifications of adverse events in mobile pre-hospital emergency services?”, prepared according to the acronym PCC (Population; Concept; Context), where P refers to pre-hospital emergency service professionals, C to notification of adverse events and C to the Service pre-hospital emergency service. After selecting the descriptors, a previous search in Medline (PubMed) and Embase was performed, followed by the analysis of the words in the text contained in the title and abstract in order to identify new terms. Then, a new complete search will be performed in other selected databases and in gray literature, for the final selection of studies.

This paper presents a vehicle data survey carried out from field data collection, through the transfer of local vehicle data with the help of studies collected in the bibliography, surveys on the websites of the Traffic Department of Maranhão (DETRAN - MA) of Balsas and data transported by the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (CETESB). Thus, a survey of data on the circulating fleet in the city of Balsas - MA was carried out, total locations were calculated as provided in some roads in the city and compared with the number of vehicles, their possible and pollutants released by type of vehicle. They were evaluated free of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane gas (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), aldehydes (RCHO) and particulate matter (MP). In the survey of exits on the Luís Gomes and São Pedro roads, the vehicles with the greatest aggregates were motorcycles, followed by automobiles. The largest amounts of diversion (CO2) and (CO) came from motorcycles. While trucks were the main responsible for the NMHC bases and NOx cars. It is hoped that with this work the problem of vehicular bases will get more presented to the city's environmental agencies for and provide tax incentives to enable the study and mitigations about the atmospheric of Balsas.

Purpose: To verify the relationship between the results of the “Foam-Laser” Dynamic Posturography, falls and concern about falling in elderly practitioners of physical exercise. Methodology: Cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study. The population consisted of elderly people of both sexes, regular practitioners of physical exercise. The elderly answered the anamnesis, the instrument Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I-Brazil), to verify the concern with falling and were evaluated using the “Foam-Laser” Dynamic Posturography to assess the systems for maintaining body balance. Results: 109 individuals were included in the sample, of which 89 are female and 20 are male, with a mean age of 72.1±6.2 years. The results of the FES-I-Brasil showed minimal concern about falling, regardless of age. Among elderly fallers (24.8%), the mean score on the FES-I-Brazil was 24.7±9.40 points and among non-fallers (75.2%) it was 23.9±6.42 points. With regard to posturography, it was found that the elderly aged 80 years or more had a worse performance in the TOS V test (Sensory Organization Test) and vestibular predominance when compared to the elderly aged 60 to 69 years. It was found that the evaluated elderly showed mean values lower than the cutoff point proposed in the specialized literature in all sensory analysis tests when compared to the normal values found in the literature, except in the TOS V test for younger elderly people. Conclusion: There was no relationship between the assessments performed, regardless of the occurrence or not of falls among the elderly assessed.

Microcephaly is described as a reduction of the head circumference, due to the premature fusion of the bones of the skull, preventing the brain from growing normally and reaching its maximum development. This condition may result in neurological disorders, phonation and chewing dysfunction, dysphagia and risk of malnutrition. This alteration contributes to oral hygiene impairment, and continuous uses of the antipsychotic and anticonvulsant medication. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate if microcephaly modified redox balance in saliva. Our hypothesis is that in the microcephalic patient's salivary oxidative stress is lower because of the increase in antioxidant defenses. The study included 13 patients with microcephaly (microcephalic group – MC) and 12 patients without neurological disorders (normocephalic group – NC), from zero to ten years old, no edentulous. Saliva was collected using a cotton wool swab, placing it on the child's mouth floor. After centrifugation, supernatants were fractionated and stored at -80 °C for analyses. Lipid oxidative was evaluated by TBARS methods, total antioxidant capacity by the ferric reducing ability (FRAP) assay, uric acid (UA) was quantified by modified Trinder reaction, and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) by inhibition of the pyrogallol auto-oxidation. Total protein was measured using the method of Lowry.  Compared to NC group, TBARS was significantly lower in MC group, while FRAP, UA and SOD were higher. Our hypothesis was confirmed. MC patients have lower salivary oxidative stress, due to increased oxidant defenses.

The necessity of controlling the vegetative growth of fruit trees is a growing concern for farmers since vigorous plants tend to have lower fruit yields. The use of chemicals that inhibit the vegetative growth of plants, such as prohexadione-calcium (PCa), an inhibitor of gibberellins which is currently used as a growth regulator for apple trees, is an agricultural practice aimed to help in reducing pruning time and cost. Pear trees grafted on vigorous rootstocks tend to present high rates of vegetative growth, hindering fruit production. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of the application of different doses of the plant growth regulator PCa on the vegetative growth, pruning time, radiation incidence, and productive and quality parameters of ‘Packham’s Triumph’ and ‘Hosui’ pears grafted on vigorous rootstocks. Two PCa applications were carried out, the first after the falling of petals (2009-10-10), and the second twenty-one days after the first (2009-11-02). The observed results showed a significant effect of PCa in reducing the vegetative growth of the pear trees and the pruning time in both cultivars. The effect on photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) was observed only in the ‘Packham’s Triumph’ variety, not being observed for the ‘Hosui’ pear trees. No statistical difference was observed relative to the quality parameters and yield of the fruits, in both cultivars, showing that PCa application has not caused any deleterious effect on fruit development.

As in the rest of the world, Brazil faced a rapid advance of contamination by covid-19 and in June 2021, more than 16 million Brazilians had already been infected and deaths were approximately 500 thousand. Among the most affected groups were people over 60 years of age, especially those who had some type of comorbidity. Due to the rapid evolution and worsening of patients in this age group, nurses must adopt measures that contribute to the improvement of this patient, as well as measures to prevent the spread of the virus. In this context, the aim of this study was to describe the clinical practice of nurses in the health care of elderly people with covid-19. The methodology was a bibliographic review with a descriptive and qualitative approach of studies published in 2020 and 2021. Given the complexity of the human aging process, with its own peculiarities, combined with the high incidence of chronic diseases and their repercussions on the human body, and the need for specific attention to the elderly, which includes prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation actions. Regarding the elderly with covid-19, it is worth emphasizing the importance of fast and efficient care, which guarantees the distance between the elderly affected by the disease from other people, but still providing humanized care. New scientific studies are needed to improve the clinical practice of nurses in combating the new coronavirus in the elderly, with a focus on improving the quality of life and rehabilitation for those recovered.

The objective was to investigate the behavior of physical activity and eating habits and their relationship with the nutritional status of students. This is a cross-sectional epidemiological study with a quantitative approach. The research was carried out in six public schools located in the northeast of Brazil. The sample consisted of 1,130 students (mean age 16.6 years ± 1.1). The data collection instrument used was an objective questionnaire. The study had analytical characteristics and quantitative interpretation. Quantitative variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation. For association analyses, the chi-square test or Student's t test was used. It was considered significant p < 0.05. As a result, 64.34% of students show good nutrition (eutrophic), only 16.1% of students report achieving adequate daily consumption of fruits and vegetables and 60.1% of students are exposed to the risk of constant consumption of soft drinks. In addition, 89% of students report not reaching the minimum time of 300 minutes of weekly physical activity. Most students (73%) are actively commuting to school. Eutrophic individuals report a significantly higher prevalence of active commuting when compared to others, and 88% of students are in the group of individuals exposed to the risk of sedentary behavior. It is concluded that students show a high exposure to risks related to low consumption of fruits and vegetables and high consumption of soft drinks and fast food, an insufficient time of physical activity and a high level of sedentary behavior.

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought challenges to health worldwide, especially for countries with weaknesses in public policies, such as Brazil.The scarcity and low quality of masks made available at the beginning of the pandemic symbolized the fragility of the system and regulation, in addition to amplifying the risks to the health professional. Reflect on the regulation and publications related to mask processing and report the results obtained in the articles consulted on the safety and efficiency tests on the reuse of respiration masks allowed during pandemic. Cross-sectional descriptive observational study with secondary data collection, search and analysis of technical standards, legislation, health notes and guidelines. Results. Despite existing health legislation on DM (Medical Devices) and processing, the exceptionality in reuse was not matched to guidelines or rules by Anvisa to ensure efficiency and safety. The articles presented trials for viral inactivation, for filtration efficiency and integrity. There were 37 described essays added to five from a narrative review. Of the 42, 26 confirmed viral inactivation, 15 ensured filtration and 15 ensured post-processing integrity. The reuse of single-use products without specific rules makes Anvisa’s gaze urgent for scientific studies that direct new parameters and the development of new regulations, not only for masks, but for processes that must guarantee products with characteristics similar to that made available by the manufacturer before reuse.

This study seeks to analyze the cost savings in public institutions through the Acceptance and Use of technology in the computerization of electronic processes. In this sense, the Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) is used to explain adherence to a procedural system of electronic processing, which replaces paper and other office supplies to improve performance resulting from resource savings. It is an exploratory, descriptive and explanatory research as to the objective, carried out through document analysis with a quantitative approach. To achieve the proposed objective, expenses were raised before and after the implementation of the computerized electronic system in 94 federal executive branches, between 2011 and 2020. Based on the construction of two research hypotheses, the analyzes used the test of Wilcoxon to verify the difference in the execution of expenses with the system implement, but also Factor Analysis combined with the Kruskall-Wallis test to identify a possible systemic behavior change in costs arising from the use of electronic systems. The results show that the adoption of the system alone may not provide sufficient arguments for adherence to the technology. However, based on the theoretical component, the arguments of agility, ease of use and information security are relevant in government action for the decision-making process of managers.

Introduction: Historically, people with hearing impairment have always had their socialization spaces restricted. Information and Communication Technologies are becoming valuable support tools to overcome inequalities and contribute to social inclusion. Objective: Describe how virtual environments help people with hearing impairments in terms of education, socialization and globalization. Methodology: The work is an exploratory study, through a bibliographical research. Results and Discussion: It was found that virtual environments are of paramount importance in formal education, as they improve the learning of people with addictive disabilities, especially with the use of videos. Social networks form a great environment capable of disseminating and globalizing culture for people with hearing impairments. Conclusion: The use of virtual environments is significantly important to explore the teaching, learning and socialization of people with hearing impairment, however, the site interfaces are still poorly planned, with the use of written oral language, making it difficult to use these environments. Thus, our article guides that for a more effective teaching, such tools are improved with a focus on learning and socialization of people with hearing impairment.

The current pandemic caused by the new coronavirus, has represented one of the most serious public health problems in the world of all time. To cope with COVID-19, several reforms and adaptations in the health sector were necessary to face this disease with high contagion power and with such high numbers of lethalities. The objective of this work was to carry out a bibliographic survey to study how the use of PPE for the safety of health professionals and workers in the pandemic period of COVID-19. One of the main impositions of this new reality was the increased demand for care in health establishments, thus increasing the risk for health professionals and workers to develop infectious diseases such as COVID-19, when compared to the general population, due to greater chance of exposure to viral load during the work period. In diseases such as COVID-19, in addition to droplet transmission and contact, there is exposure to aerosol-generating procedures during care for these patients, and health professionals can act as potential asymptomatic transmitters, infecting other patients, professionals and family members. In this context, personal protective equipment is an effective tool for preventing infection and reducing contagion by COVID-19.

Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) encompasses abnormalities in the temporomandibular joint and/or masticatory muscles having headache as the most common symptom. This study aims to compare the prevalence of TMD in headache patients with the average prevalence of TMD in population. The prevalence ratio (PR) was 0,17 (95% CI 0,05-0,52; p<0,01). A major explanation for this phenomenon was underdiagnose of TMD, leading to literature related problems such as abuse of analgesics, greater psychosocial suffering, sleep disorders such insomnia and other comorbidities. Therefore, health professionals treating headache patients should consider TMD as a possible cause of pain to promote more appropriate treatment.