RCAAP Repository

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is an increasingly prevalent disease in the modern world, being highly related to genetic and behavioral factors, causing numerous public health problems. Objective: analyze the use of vitamin D in order to reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed. To prepare the study, national and international data were searched and the eligibility criteria were chosen considering the language of the article (English and Portuguese), complete texts and published in the last 10 years. In sequence, from the reading of the titles and subsequent analysis of the abstracts, the final sample consisted of 13 publications. Results: A low number of publications was detected, however, it was found that vitamin D and its analogs have a direct efficacy on the markers used to predict the cardiovascular risk of patients even though they still have doubts about their mechanisms of action. Conclusions: Intervention with vitamin D shows good results regarding the reduction of cardiovascular risk markers in diabetic patients. However, more research should be carried out to better clarify the correlation of vitamin D levels and the reduction of cardiovascular events, in addition to better their physiological mechanisms, therapeutic strategies and their effects on the most diverse population profiles in order to develop effective and conclusive interventions.

This work is an excerpt from a master's research that is linked to the project entitled “Mathematical and Interdisciplinary Investigations in Learning Projects”. This research reports the development of a course conceived during the COVID19 pandemic and, for this reason, structured in a virtual environment, with remote activities in Geogebra Book software and synchronous in Google Meet. The purpose of the course is to encourage ways to explore principles and generalization of patterns from the composition of polygons in the plane through the technique of tiling. The target audience is academics from the undergraduate mathematics course enrolled in the sixth semester of the course. The objective of the article is to analyze the performance of 2 academics when submitted to a tiling activity through a didactic engineering. The theoretical-methodological-conceptual conception is Didactic Engineering, through which the following phases were developed: previous analyses; design and a priori analysis; experimentation, a posteriori analysis and validation. The results showed that E.D. contributed to the expansion and construction of geometric mathematical knowledge, as it was possible to detect that academics understand in a contextualized way the relationship between elements of a regular polygon and their application in the tiling technique, as well as being able to make conjectures and generalizations representable through of statements and formulas.

Objective: To identify the social and spatial inequalities of abortion deaths in Brazil, and simultaneously assess the evolution of these data over the past few years. Methods: Secondary data on deaths from abortions, registered in the SIM/SUS, from 2000 to 2020, will be used to analyze the coefficients of mortality from abortion in Brazil. These coefficients will be calculated according to variables related to the sociodemographic profile of women in the SIM/SUS database, which constitute the variables of interest in this study. Results: After surveying data, it was possible to notice that the frequency among women who most die from abortion in Brazil are women of childbearing age 20-29 years old, single, and brown. Final Considerations: Evidence was found that proves the large number of women of childbearing age and with a low level of education, emphasizing the importance of implementing sexual education measures and strengthening family planning, in order to avoid episodes of abortion and unwanted pregnancies.

Objective: To report the educational activities carried out with adolescent students about the harmful effects of smoking and the importance of not starting and, when appropriate, stopping the habit of smoking. Method: This is an experience report of integrated activities in health, carried out by nursing students of a public higher education institution located in the Xingu Region, in November 2019. The educational actions were guided by the problematization methodology, with the practical operation of the Arco de Maguerez. Results: After initial contact with the target audience to verify their prior knowledge and needs on the subject, the students developed strategies to promote the educational moment that was operationalized through a video lesson designed for students about the components of cigarettes. In addition, a quiz was conducted through the plickers application where students could interact with academics, clarifying their doubts about the topic addressed. After that, two practical demonstrations were carried out in an open environment, with handcrafted simulators, developed by the students themselves, on the harmful effects of cigarette use on the lung. All activities had the consent of the school management and were developed under the supervision of a teacher. Final Considerations: The educational activities were extremely important, as they were delineated from the students' knowledge needs, solving their doubts about the theme. For undergraduates, the experience allowed the development of the integrated curriculum of the nursing course, in addition to qualifying the training process on the subject.

The analysis of the participation of dentists in the scientific subfield of collective Health (SC) was carried out through a cross-sectional study to characterize the profile of the professors of the postgraduate programs in collective Health (PPGSC) with graduation in Dentistry and its relations with the SC space. The Lattes curricula of the 141 professors who participated in the CAPES evaluation 2017 were identified and collected. The referential of Bourdieu's theory of practices was used. The variables analyzed: PG program to which it belongs; Area and theme of doctoral thesis and master's dissertation; First and second practice areas; Occupations outside the university; First line of research; and 5 main published works; and the volume of scientific and bureaucratic capital. Professors with a degree in dentistry were linked to 52 PPGSC, from 39 different institutions, and 66% from federal public institutions. A predominance of the area of activity in SC was observed. Most professors were female, but positions of greater notoriety in the scientific field and more qualified publications were related to men. The significant relationship of these professors with the dental field reveals their strong influence on professional identity, establishing a fine line between these two scientific fields.

When the patient progresses to the severe condition of covid-19, the nurse must systematize, plan and direct nursing care so that the patient's recovery occurs. Thus, this study has the central objective of identifying the most frequent nursing diagnoses in patients contaminated by covid-19. The study was carried out through a literature review with a descriptive and qualitative approach, in digital libraries, which allow a search in their own databases using standardized descriptors. It was possible to identify 12 frequent diagnoses in patients with covid-19, which are: health promotion: ineffective protection, risk of electrolyte imbalance, diarrhea, decreased cardiac output, spiritual distress, related hyperthermia, related acute pain. Finally, there was a shortage of national publications on the topic addressed in this research, so authors expect this study to contribute to the development of new research related to nursing diagnoses in patients affected by covid-19. When properly applied, the ND has a positive impact on nursing care and contributes to a better patient's recovery, in addition to avoiding unnecessary interventions.

Objective: to report the routine of the Nursing teams in the care of patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy. Results: electroconvulsive therapy is a procedure performed in an outpatient surgery center for psychiatric treatments, being, in some cases, the last intervention in severe and refractory disorders. It is performed three times a week, from Monday to Friday, with a one-day break between sessions; 15 patients per day are scheduled. Due to COVID-19, there was a reduction to eight patients per day. The team is composed of Psychiatric and Surgical Nurses and Psychiatry and Anesthesiology doctors. The procedure requires specific safety measures, such as an eight-hour fast. Such care, typical of Nursing, gains special plot in severe psychiatric patients. Controlling the ingestion of food and water in globally disoriented patients and those at risk of aggression due to delirium is only one of the challenges. The procedure is only performed after the conditions of relaxation and anesthesia have been met with the release of the electromagnetic wave stimulation. The main complications in the recovery room are related to hypoventilation. Final considerations: it is important to emphasize the importance of Nursing in terms of the integrality of care, evidenced by its continuous presence before, during and after the performance of this procedure.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) is the generic name given to a set of heterogeneous affections that affect muscles, joints, and nerves, which can appear in individuals submitted to certain working conditions. Therefore, the present study aimed to verify the prevalence of WMSD symptoms in dentistry students and professors. To assess WMSD symptoms, the Brazilian version of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Symptoms Questionnaire (QNSO) was used, applied to a sample of students and professors from the dentistry course. To understand the data, a descriptive analysis of the data was performed. Five hundred five (n=505) individuals participated in the study, 75% female and 25% male. Of the total respondents, 30% reported a workday of six hours, 51% a workday of up to eight hours, and 19% a workday of more than eight hours. Regarding musculoskeletal pain, 76% of the sample reported pain in the cervical and lumbar region with some frequency. The preliminary results of the present study support the hypothesis that WMSD symptoms may begin as early as the graduation of dentistry students, often in the cervical and lumbar regions.

The objective of this work was to analyze the floristic and structural changes of an area with two successional phases in a secondary forest in Capitão Poço - PA. Two measurements were taken with an interval of four years, called Phase 1 and 2. The area has 0.36 ha, divided into 36 subplots of 10m x 10m, where all individuals with DBH ≥ 5 cm were recorded, meeting 444 individuals distributed in 35 species, 26 genera, 19 families with a total basal area of 9,266m2/ha and density of 1,232.33 trees/ha (Phase 1) and 518 individuals distributed in 38 species, 28 genera, 20 families with 11,531m2 /ha of basal area and density of 1,438.89 trees/ha (Phase 2). The species Vismia guianensis, Guatteria amazonica, Lacistema aggregatum and Banara guianensis were the most abundant and frequent. The families with the highest basal area, frequency and IVI were Leguminosae, Clusiaceae, Annonaceae, Lauraceae and Melastomataceae (Phase 1 and 2). The Leguminosae and Clusiaceae families were the most important in the floristic composition and structure of the area, having the highest number of species and individuals, respectively. Therefore, these families must have priority in the silvicultural systems that will be implemented in forests with the same characteristics of the studied area.

Productivity, morphogenetic and structural characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés and Stylosanthes guianensis var. vulgaris cv. Mineirão were evaluated at the Federal University of Jataí. A complete randomized block design was used with two planting arrangements (Xaraés and Estilosantes singles and intercropped) associated with three phosphorus (P) levels (70, 105 and 140 kg/ha P2O5) applied at sowing, with four replications. Data analysis was carried out in a split plot design considering the effect of planting arrangement, block and evaluation period in the plot and the effect of dose and the interaction between planting arrangement and dose as subplot. The mean comparison test was performed by t test at 5% of probability. The 70 kg/ha P2O5 dose used in pasture establishment was adequate to allow proper development for both forages, ensuring its establishment in single and intercropped planting arrangement when the P in the soil is medium. The Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés intercropped with Mineirão had a higher dry matter yield than when it was single and fertilized with 50 kg N/ha.

The essay proposes to reflect on the importance of decent home for quilombola communities, taking into account the ancestors that make up their memories, histories, cultures, habits, customs and actions as a fundamental dimension of their identities. To this end, the symbolism of the house and its role in the specific construction of the individuals who inhabit it are part of this heritage and its essences. Intersecting with a heritage theme, the traditional architecture of the quilombolas in Volta do Campo Grande, a community located in the city of Campinas do Piauí, is chosen as an empirical object. The following question is presented as a research problem: What are the material and immaterial elements involved in the process of identifying quilombolas in Volta do Campo Grande with their homes? It comprises methodological procedures, bibliographic and documentary studies, direct observation, identification and photography. For some quilombolas in the studied community, a stone, among other functions - resource and aesthetic -, plays the role of symbolic covering of memory. In this way, the home that can be considered the space of the soul is also the means by which they can be recognized.

Talking about the subject of death is challenging. If for adults it is something very mysterious, imagine talking about this subject for children, because, due to their level of maturity and affective and emotional development, they are not prepared to understand such a quote. This research aimed to understand the different emotional reactions to grief in childhood through children's literature. Therefore, a qualitative literary narrative review and a detailed analysis of scientific publications that address the subject were carried out. In general, frank and clear dialogue is recommended, through true and honest information, promoting the insertion and construction of the concept of death, as something natural, from early childhood, with a communicator open to clarifying doubts and sensitive listening, which favors the expression of the different feelings that affect a child in this situation. This interaction must be covered by some strategies and basic care, respecting the child's cognitive and emotional abilities.

Recently, ophthalmology has progressively grown in veterinary medicine, resulting in new discoveries of causes and treatments. Corneal Ulcer is the rupture of the epithelial membrane and the appearance of the stroma, which is stained with sodium fluorescein, used for diagnosis of the disease. It has several conditioning factors for the occurrence. This literature review aims to reinforce to students and veterinary clinicians the causes of corneal ulcers, the most suitable therapy for each case and list the possible treatments and define them. The present study involves corneal ulcer treatment techniques. Articles in databases from 2006 to 2021 were used, in addition to consultations in veterinary ophthalmology books. The animal with corneal ulcer must undergo a complete, specific and complementary clinical examination, it is recommended to perform culture and antibiogram to adjust the therapy. It is up to the clinician to investigate the predisposing factors and the best treatment, in the same way, the surgeon must determine the best technique according to his own indications and abilities. New treatments need more studies on applicability. But surgical treatments generally remain safe and effective, especially in severe cases.

Objective: to discuss the importance of university extension in the process of training the nursing professional, based on an experience report of students from a baccalaureate nursing course. It consists of a descriptive study of qualitative approach of the experience report type, built by means of a critical-reflexive analysis, through the experiences lived on the activities developed by the Education in Health Extension Project (PROES) of a private university center in Maceió, Alagoas. The activities developed by the project were based on lectures, conversation circles, and playful meetings about issues involving health promotion for children, adolescents, and adults, being held during the year 2019 to 2020, once a month, having as field of action a health unit and two schools. It is observed the importance of university extension in the nursing education process, given that the contributions of extra-academic practice bring benefits not only for the community, but also for nursing students, as presented in this report, especially the interaction between research-teaching-extension, theory-practice relationship, production of learning, acquisition of skills and competencies, autonomy, formulation of critical and reflective thinking to solve real situations/problems. In short, it is evident the relevance of extension activities during graduation since this process favors the development and strengthening of educational practices, of investigative reasoning and the dissemination of knowledge associated with the reality experienced, as well as the stimulation for research based on scientific evidence, contributing to the construction of a professional, ethical and humanized attitude towards the chosen area.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a bacterium of worldwide interest, due to its high toxicity to a wide range of insect vectors of pathogens to humans and agricultural pests. The insecticidal action of Bt is conferred by the presence of protein crystals, which act as toxins. Several studies are carried out in order to select Bt strains from different ecosystems with mosquitocidal action for vector insects. It is observed that the soil is the most used substrate for the isolation of Bt, being widely found in nature, predominantly in the form of spores. The search for new Bt strains in different regions of the world aims to obtain new toxins with insecticidal action, which can be used in the production of biopesticides. For the cultivation of the strains, Nutrient Agar or NYSM media are used. Culture media have a wide variety of nutrients, being rich in carbon, nitrogen and mineral salts, which are used to induce the growth of microorganisms. Therefore, several studies seek to improve these means for the growth of Bt, using alternative effective and economical means, the control of vector mosquitoes.

Violence against women is a major social and public health problem worldwide, considered a violation of human rights and causing damage to women's physical and mental health. This article aims to describe the characteristics of cases of violence against female children and adolescents between 10 and 19 years old notified in the Northeast region of Brazil in the years 2015 to 2019. This is an ecological, descriptive, and quantitative study developed through the analysis of data available in SINAN, about the population residing in Northeast Brazil, in the years 2015 to 2019. The Microsoft Excel® version 2019 program was used for the organization and tabulation of data. 34,355 notifications of violence were registered in the years 2015 to 2019. There was a prevalence of notifications of women aged 15 to 19 years old, with 58.8% (n= 20,185) and of the brown color 65.4% (n= 22,463). Regarding education, there was a higher number of notifications from women with 5th to 8th grade incomplete Elementary School and incomplete High School, with 28.0% (n= 9,565). Given the findings, it points to the importance of the applicability of safety methodologies and prevention of violence suffered by women, and also, for the construction of effective public policies to combat violence against female children and adolescents, since they are in a state of vulnerability.

The Psychiatric Reform movement in Brazil proposed the dismantling of the asylum model and the establishment of a new paradigm of mental health care, based on community treatment done in freedom and on proposals for social inclusion. The current national policy on Mental Health, known as the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS), aims to promote and support its service’s users in their (re)insertion into work. In parallel, the Solidarity Economy presents itself as a means of material organization of life and work relationships based on the primacy of respect for human beings in their relationship with each other and with the environment, as well as on the ideals of cooperation, self-management and solidarity. At the same time, different initiatives to generate work and income based on the Solidarity Economy have been structured by different RAPS attention points, enabling new forms of social inclusion. In this scenario, the research in question consists of a systematic review with a qualitative approach, whose objective is to present the potentialities, challenges and strategies adopted in the literature to strengthen the interface between the fields of Mental Health and Solidarity Economy. The results suggest: the importance of the initiatives’ commitment to guarantee the right to work; the assisted workshops as the main strategy for the formation of enterprises; the lack of legal and public policy support for the constitution of the initiatives; as well as the lack of adequate spaces for commercialization and the low financial return to the enterprises.

El éxito de los tratamientos odontológicos, especialmente en odontopediatría, está directamente ligado al plan de tratamiento, donde debemos considerar al paciente como un todo, insertado en un contexto familiar e influenciado por su realidad social. Dentro de estos aspectos, los tratamientos mínimamente invasivos y especialmente el control del dolor son fundamentales para establecer una relación armoniosa entre paciente, profesional y familia. Los odontólogos pueden utilizar una extensa lista de medicamentos que pueden ayudar a controlar el dolor, entre los analgésicos más utilizados, destacamos la Dipirona. Para este estudio se utilizaron 04 muestras del analgésico Dipirona, que se dividieron según los fabricantes: G1 - Medley (genérico), G2 - Neo Química, G3 - EMS y G4 - Medley (Novalgina). Después de manipular los medicamentos de acuerdo con el fabricante, se midieron las muestras de pH de cada laboratorio en diferentes momentos (inmediatamente, 48 horas y 7 días). Luego del análisis de varianza y la prueba de Tukey, los resultados mostraron que no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el pH en diferentes momentos en un mismo laboratorio, pero al considerar los diferentes laboratorios, todos mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas, donde el pH más bajo encontrado fue 5 , 53 (G3) y el mayor 6,74 (G4) una diferencia de más del 21,8%. Dado el diferente pH de los medicamentos estudiados, a la hora de prescribir medicamentos, los odontólogos deben prestar atención a pH que se acerquen a niveles críticos de desmineralización dental, especialmente en pacientes con riesgo moderado y alto de caries.

Currently, we observe na increase in the chronicity of non-communicable diseases, raising the estimate of population life and showing the existence of the disease process that leads to finitude life. Automatically arises the need to establish a processo f assistance and education to Palliative Care, symbolizing the improvement of the Death and Dying system. Objective: Knowing that information comprises a fundamental elemento in the processo of developing Permanent Health Education for work in patient care, the exeperience in the construction of an educational booklet about Palliative Care in na emergency hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro is portrayed as a knowledge vector. Methodology: A descriptive research was carried out on the need for knowledge by nursing professionals on the topic of Palliative Care, which became the trigger for the construction of this booklet. Results and discussion: After evaluating the application of material, it was possible to perceive it as aggregating material for interdisciplinar knowledge in a multidisciplinar team.

The study analyzes the archetypal female figure present in the mythical narratives of Paiter Suruí, an indigenous people residing on the border between the states of Rondônia and Mato Grosso, in Brazil. For this, seven Paiter Suruí narratives presented in the book Vozes de Origem, a collection of stories narrated by Paiter Suruí indigenous peoples in their native language, the tupi-mondé,to the anthropologist Betty Mindlin, responsible for the translation into the Portuguese and organization of the book, are used as the data source. As a theoretical-methodological framework, the Analytical approach of Psychology is used from the concept of symbolic amplification proposed by Carl G. Jung (1875–1961) and elaborated as a method of analysis by Marie Louise Von Franz (1915–1998). The analysis course indicates the female archetypes existing in this culture through their mythical narratives, being predominant the Archetype of the Maiden, the Great Mother and the Fatal Woman. According to Analytical Psychology, it can be observed that the mythical indigenous narrative constitutes a coherent and organized sense of meaning about the psyche:unconscious processes are transposed into narratives, in which the female archetypal figure emerges as a representation of the figure of woman in Paiter Suruí society; and the mythical narrative as a representation of the indigenous cultural reality of this ethnicity, as well as a propagation of its values. Based on this assumption, the mythical narratives represent, through symbology, elements of meaning, such as the organization of the Paiter Suruí society, aspects that represent the feminine and the patterns of expected behaviors.