RCAAP Repository

The objective of this study was to evaluate zinc levels (Zn) in the diet of Japanese quail from 1 to 42 days old maintained in two thermal environments on the zootechnical performance, intestinal morphology, hepatic glycogen, hepatic steatosis, carcass weight, organ weight and resistance bone of the tibia. 500 female quails were used, 250 of them in a thermal comfort environment and 250 in a heat stress environment, distributed in a completely randomized design in a factorial scheme (5 x 2), five levels of Zn (30, 60, 90, 120 e 150 mg / Zn per kg of feed). In the period from 1 to 21 days, increase in Zn levels resulted in reduced feed intake (WG) and worsening feed conversion (WG), while heat stress in the same phase decreased WP and worsened WC. In the total phase from 1 to 42 days there was interaction only for GP, showing that the increase of the Zn levels negatively influenced the GP of the birds created in heat stress, the CR and the AC presented worsening in the heat stress. There was interaction of the levels of Zn and the environment on the relationship vilo: crypt of the duodenum of the birds at 21 days of age, the unfolding showed linear decreasing effect as the Zn level increased in the comfort environment. At 42 days of age, the level of 150 mg / Zn presented the best relationship: duodenal crypt, the birds kept in thermal comfort also presented a better relationship vilo: crypt. The highest hepatic glycogen storage was observed at the level of 120 mg / Zn, and in a thermal comfort environment in the 21-day-old phase. At 42 days only the level of Zn was significant, with the highest glycogen stock also at 120 mg / Zn level. At 42 days the effect of Zn levels on hepatic steatosis was observed, the 90 mg / Zn level was the most positive for the absence of steatosis. At 21 days, liver and carcass weights were negatively influenced by the increase in Zn levels, heat stress decreased spleen, bursa, liver and carcass weights. For the 42 days, there was interaction on the spleen weight, presenting the highest weight at the level of 120 mg / Zn in the thermal comfort environment. The heat stress environment reduced liver and carcass weights. The tibial bone strength at 42 days increased linearly with increasing Zn levels and reduced heat stress. Based on the average of the performance variables found in the factorial regression equations, it is recommended to use 60 mg / Zn per kg in Japanese quail diets from 1 to 42 days of age in thermal comfort and heat stress.

Were used 588 Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) aged 17 to 32 weeks were used to investigate the effects of phytase overdosage on performance, egg quality, and bone mineralization. The study was developed in a factorial scheme (4 doses of phytase, 0, 500, 100 and 1500 FTU / kg of feed and 3 nutritional matrices, Matrix 1 with 100%, Matrix 2 with 95% and Matrix 3 with 90 % of nutritional recommendations), totaling 12 treatments with seven replicates with 12 birds each. Nutritional matrices influenced egg production (P<0.001), egg mass (P<0.001), conversion by egg mass (P<0.001) and conversion per dozen eggs (P<0.001). There was a significant interaction in egg production, and the nutritional reduction of 10% reduced the variable in the diet without phytase (P<0.001), whereas with phytase supplementation (500 FTU, P = 0.56, 1000 FTU, P = 0.57; 1500 FTU, P = 0.15), there was no significant effect. The matrix 1 promoted eggs with the thicker shell (P = 0.027). There was no effect of nutritional matrices on the other egg quality variables (P> 0.05). There was interaction effect (matrix x phytase) on the percentage of albumen (P = 0.0047), diets without nutritional reduction. Nutritional reduction negatively influences quails. Phytase in the diet increases the performance of birds in any evaluated matrix, with better applications in diets with 10% nutritional reduction and a dose of 1166 FTU / kg of feed.

This present work has as its main objective to present the conception of the origins of Law from the Hungarian philosopher’s late work, György Lukács. Accordingly, its core pervades one of the key foundations of the materialism dialectic, which is the relationship between the concrete totality and its constitutive segments. Therefore, by exposing the origins the juridical organization, we aim to contribute to the apprehension of the development and the social function of Law within social totality as well as its reflection and heterogeneity relations to other social complexitites, specially politics, economy, morality, and ethics. To this purpose, we carried out an immanent analysis of the second volume of the Ontology of Social Being, Lukács’ last work. The dialogue with the Lukascian texts will be mediated by the very Hungarian philosoper’s interlocutions: on the one hand with Marx’s, Engels’, and Lenin’s works and a large section of the marxist tradition; on the other hand with authors connected to different traditions of thought such as Aristotle, Nicolai Hartman, Gordon Childe, Werner Jaeger, etc. On top of that, we made use of contributions by the main Brazilian and foreign commentators of the Lukascian work, like István Mészáros, Nicolas Tertulian, Carlos Nelson Coutinho, José Paulo Netto, Leandro Konder, Sérgio Lessa, Ester Vaisman, Vítor Sartori, etc. Thus, alike Lukács, this work proposes to refute not only the idealistic conceptions on the juridical phenomenon but also those derived from a vulgar materialism. To the extent that it rejects, on the one hand, that the law is the fruit of an ahistorical transcendence, on the other that it is mechanically determined by the economy. Having said that, the Lukáscian tertium datur qualifies itself as an ontological criticism to Law, testifying its genesis associated to the immanent development of the social totality and the complexification of the division of labor, which creates the need for a new particular social complex, the juridical complex, to attend to new functions generated within the division of society into social classes. Then, at the same time, the Lukacsian critique also reveals the presuppositions for overcoming the "narrow legal right" with the dissolution of class society itself, and with it, the suppression of the need for any kind of juridical regulation.

Faced with a contemporary society shrouded in a digital universe, where the concepts of time and space suffer a growing deconstruction, the ideals of the globalized world bring with it new modalities of interpersonal and commercial relations, among them, the concept of sharing economy has been gaining space . Sharing economics is an innovative concept that enhances collaborative consumption, that is, a socio-economic system built around the sharing of resources, making goods and services accessible without the need of their acquisition. This phenomenon has social, financial, cultural and even environmental impacts, since it is a modality that corroborates with sustainability. Because it is a growing and innovative phenomenon, in view of this informational age and of technology, it is necessary to study this fact, its impacts, and especially about the regulation of these activities, considering their interference in personal relations, and specifically at consumer relations.

This thesis deals with the need to regulate the arbitration procedure in tax matters in the Brazilian legal system as a way of rationalizing the tax system, especially with regard to tax litigation, with a view to promoting national economic development. There is much debate today about the role of the state, especially in the face of the severe economic crises that plague countries, especially those that have not reached reasonable levels of development. Crisis contexts may also unfold in times of opportunity to move forward on key issues, especially in attempts to stimulate private sector confidence amid adverse realities, high tax burdens, high legal uncertainty, intense fiscal and flagrant litigation inefficiency. In this environment, traditional means of conflict resolution, especially those of a tax nature, are not effective. Thus, arbitration can be an important instrument to deal with this situation, contributing decisively to the increase of an economically favorable impulse to the country's development. The central problem invokes the discussion about the compatibility of the arbitration procedure, in tax matters, within a legal system of overvaluing the supposed belief in the unavailability of the public interest, even in the face of the need to effect the promotion of the country's economic development. The thesis's response is to propose a delimitation of this alternative modality of conflict resolution, especially in the fiscal sphere, pointing to issues such as the modernization of the State and overcoming the classic paradigm of unavailability of public interest, so that arbitration problems such as the great litigation, the total stock of active debt, the fall of collection and the fiscal crisis. The theoretical framework of this thesis is twofold. In the field of tax arbitration, the doctrine of Heleno Taveira Torres and in the field of development and new-developmentalism, Gilberto Bercovici, Matheus Castro and Luiz Bresser-Pereira. The method of analysis is based on the deductive, historical, exploratory, comparative, interpretative and analytical approach, using bibliographic and documentary research techniques. It closes for describing the arbitration procedure in tax matters as irrelevant for socioeconomic stability and for national economic development.

Introduction: Burnout syndrome (SB), which is characterized as a process of response to overload from the work environment, could lead to the exhaustion of the worker, leading to a reduction in work performance, weariness in interpersonal relationships, and impairment of health of the individual. This dissertation is composed of two articles: the first one is entitled Burnout Syndrome in nurses of university hospitals: A bibliometric study. Objective: to characterize the bibliometric indicators of the scientific production in articles, dissertations and theses, about the Burnout Syndrome in Nurses who work in university hospitals; and identify the descriptors for Burnout Syndrome in these professionals in the studies. Methodology: Bibliometric study, with quantitative approach, consisting of articles, dissertations and theses. The Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, the CAPES Portal and the Virtual Health Library (VHL), published in the period 2000 to 2017, in the Portuguese, English and Spanish languages, with a total text, totaling 26 publications were selected. Results: An increase in scientific production was observed in the year 2010. The articles were the mode of scientific production with the greatest number; the predominant language, Portuguese. As to the distribution of Higher Education Institutions that addressed the theme, those located in the Southeastern region of Brazil stand out. The professional training of the main author of scientific productions prevailed, the publications developed by nurses. The descriptors Nursing, Worker's Health, and Professional Exhaustion were the most prominent. Conclusion: After this study, it is imperative to encourage researchers to publish studies with the topic addressed. Although the documents raised indicate that there are still a small number of publications, they guide studies like this and may support future research. The second article is an original research, entitled: Burnout Syndrome: Predisposition of Nursing Assistants of a University Hospital. Objective: to evaluate the predisposition to Burnout Syndrome and its relationship with sociodemographic factors in nurses working in a university hospital in the city of João Pessoa-PB. Methodology: This is an exploratorydescriptive study, with a quantitative approach, carried out with nursing assistants from the Units of Clinical Medicine, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, and Surgical and Pediatric Clinic of a University Hospital from March to October 2017. Applied a semi-structured questionnaire and a validated instrument in Brazil to evaluate SB. Data were collected, coded and analyzed statistically. Results: Of the 54 nurses in the research, female participants, married and with children, predominated. Also prevailing postgraduate participants, with remuneration between 5 to 10 minimum salaries. The majority of nurses had an average level of risk for burnout, a finding that was very worrying. Among the factors associated with burnout, the disorder occurs more in nurses, without a married partner, without children and with excessive hours. Conclusion: These results deserve some care, given the vulnerability of the professionals involved in developing Burnout Syndrome. The relevance of this study is highlighted by the need to better understand the factors that contribute to the health / illness process of nursing workers in hospital institutions.

Introduction: Nurses have been finding some difficulty to deal with palliative care aimed at patients with cutaneous malignant tumoral injury, due to the lack of knowledge concerning to this matter. Objective: to analyze the influence of the educational intervention based in the Significant Learning Theory in the knowledge and the practice of nurses dealing with palliative care aimed at patients with cutaneous malignant tumoral injury. Method: A quasiexperimental before and after research, carried out with 38 nurses at a High Complexity Care Center in Oncology. The inclusion criteria were: assisting nurses, availability to answer the questionnaire and to participate in the course. The exclusion criterion was: missing the third and fourth classes. The operational stages of the research were: 1 – Drawing up the questionnaire; 2 – Validation of content and accordance of the questionnaires; 3 – Validation of the construct; 4 – Educational intervention; 5 – Effects of the educational intervention; 6 – qualitative analysis. The participants answered the questionnaire before and after the educational intervention, which happened from August to September in 2017. After one year, 11 nurses were interviewed in order to form the qualitative analysis. In the quantitative data analysis, the descriptive statistics and the psychometric indicators have been used and in the qualitative one, the Bardin’s content analysis technique. The work has been approved with CAAE 64122116.1.0000.5188. Results: There was increase and significance of the average scores related to the knowledge and practice of the nurses after the educational intervention process, in all palliative care categories. The qualitative data showed that the nurses resignified their knowledge and transformed the palliative care as praxis. Final Considerantions: An enlargement of the knowledge and practice related to the palliative care at a cognitve level, as well as a reflective practice about this kind of care, has been established.

Introduction: Burnout Syndrome or Occupational Exhaustion Syndrome affects individuals from occupations that deal with people, causing emotional exhaustion or exhaustion, referring to feelings of fatigue and difficulty in dealing with stressful situations. This dissertation was formed by two articles. The first, theoretical, is entitled "Burnout Syndrome in Nurses of Intensive Care Units: a bibliometric study”. Objective: To characterize the scientific production about Burnout Syndrome in nurses who work in Intensive Care Units. Methodology: This is a bibliometric study, with a quantitative and documentary approach, based on the online search in the databases of the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and the Capes Portal, in articles published between 2000 and 2017 in Portuguese, English and Spanish, with complete texts, making a total of 46 articles. Results: A greater number of publications were observed as of 2011. With regard to journals, 30 were responsible for disseminating studies on the subject. As for language, Portuguese predominated. The descriptors Burnout Syndrome, Intensive Care Unit and Nursing were the ones that had the highest incidence. The words that represented the highest semantic content in the studied subject and that were most distinguished by the high frequency in the texts analyzed were burnout, professional, nurse, hospital and therapy. Conclusion: It was possible to observe that studies in this area are progressing more and more. However, there is still an incipient scientific production on the subject. Introduction: The second article deals with an original research, entitled: "Prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in the Nursing team of an Intensive Care Center", whose objective was: to identify the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome and its relationship with some sociodemographic, in the Nursing team, which works in an Intensive Care Center of a university hospital, in the municipality of João Pessoa - Paraiba. Methodology: It is a field research, of the exploratory type, with quantitative approach. The study population involved the Nursing team, composed of nurses and technicians, who work in the Intensive Care Units. The data were collected through a structured questionnaire and a validated instrument; were coded and analyzed statistically. Results: The study was attended by 115 nursing professionals, predominantly female, married, with children and aged between 25 and 59 years. Most nurses have a median level for Burnout Syndrome. However, among the factors associated with the syndrome, it was verified that some of the studied variables show a greater vulnerability: they are: gender, marital status, remuneration and time of professional performance. Conclusion: The verified data are worrisome, considering the perception of the great prevalence of Burnout Syndrome among the professionals that composed the present study, demonstrating that there is a great exposure of this team to factors determining to the sickness.

Palliative care deals with a therapeutic approach based on the diagnosis of lifethreatening pathologies, which should have a multidisciplinary approach, focused on relieving the suffering of the patient, mainly regarding the symptom of pain. This dissertation was developed from the construction of two articles. The review article entitled “Palliative care and pain: an integrative literature review” aimed to identify, in the scientific production on palliative care and pain, aspects related to the management and control of pain in patients without possibilities of cure, available in online journals in the Brazilian scenario, in the LILACS, BDENF and MEDLINE databases. The study sample was composed of twenty-seven articles; and the analyzed empirical material gave rise to two thematic categories: Management and control of pain in palliative care; Multidisciplinary team in the relief pain of patients in palliative care. The second article, with an exploratory nature and a qualitative approach, entitled “Pain in patients undergoing palliative care: behavior of the multidisciplinary team” aimed to investigate the behavior of the multidisciplinary team in the management of pain in patients undergoing palliative care. The study population was composed by professional nurses, physiotherapists and physicians, totaling a sample of twenty professionals. Data collection was performed from a recorded interview, and the empirical material was analyzed by the content analysis technique. The analysis of data gave rise to three thematic categories: Strategies for identifying and evaluating pain in patients undergoing palliative care; Behavior of the multidisciplinary team in the relief of pain of patients undergoing palliative care; and Weaknesses found in multidisciplinary assistance to patients undergoing palliative care. Accordingly, the studies developed in this dissertation contribute to improving clinical practice and boosting the development of new studies, based on a reflection by the professionals about the need to identify and control pain, establish clinical assistance-related protocols and appreciate the multidisciplinary view.

Cereus jamacaru DC, popularly called mandacaru, is a columnar cactus of the family Cactaceae, found spontaneously and dispersed in the Caatinga, utilized by the sertanejo as a forage plant. However, ethno pharmacological literature describes its application in the fight against or prevention of various diseases, such as respiratory diseases, renal, stomatitis ulcers, arterial hypertension, enteritis and rheumatism. The objective of this work was to study the characterization of seeds and juvenile plants of C. jamacaru, grown under controlled conditions of production using multivariate statistical techniques. In this perspective, the work was carried out with collecting fruits of six matrices (M) of the species, in a similar stage of maturation, in two Semiarid sites Paraibano, Sumé (M1, M2, and M3) and Monteiro (M4, M5, and M6) for the biometric characterization of fruits and seeds of the species. The seeds of C. jamacaru were used as feedstock for thermoanalytical and vegetable production studies with the application of main component analysis (PCA) in the original data obtained. The following were determined: moisture content; ashes: thermogravimetry (TG) in the heating ratios 5, 10, 20, and 40 oC min-1 for the atmosphere of synthetic air and heating ratio 10 oC min-1 for nitrogen atmosphere; kinetic parameters and differential thermal analysis (DTA), 10 oC min-1. Through the PCA, the biometric variability of the fruits and seeds of the studied matrices was evidenced. Analyzing the TG curves at the 10 oC min-1 heating rate, there were five mass degradation events in the oxidative atmosphere and four mass degradation events in inert atmosphere, except for M1 that presented five mass degradation events also in atmosphere of nitrogen. The temperature and mass loss of the two main stages of degradation varied among the matrices. The DTA curves showed three exothermic events for M1, M2, M3, M5, and M6 crushed seeds with peak ranging from 354.0–358.9 °C, 492.9–508.1 °C and 509.8–523.7 °C, and M4 presented four exothermic events. The DTA curves for whole seeds of M2 and M5 revealed two exothermic events being M2 with peak ranging between 349.2– 355.8 oC and 538.3–543.7 oC, and M5 with peak ranging between 361.8–374.0 oC and 537.7– 551.4 °C. PCA applied to TG in the fourth heating reasons (oxidative atmosphere) indicated similarity between the thermal profiles of the matrices. The PCA of the vegetal production indicated a pattern for the juvenile individuals of M6 in the parameters: greater number of emergence, less days to emerge, greater height of the aerial part and diameter at the level of the ground; in addition to allowing differentiations between the groupings of individuals generated from each of the matrices monitored by the graphic visualization. The results obtained in this study indicated that the application of PCA for the evaluation of the thermal profile of seeds of C. jamacaru, specifically in TG, did not provide standardized visualization among the evaluated matrices, however, for the evaluation of vegetable production, revealed to be an excellent tool for the study of differentiation and characterization among the C. jamacaru matrix, evaluated, allowing the determination of the matrix with higher productive potential, with M6 having the best performance in plant production for this species.

Biological fertilization improves the chemical, physical and biological characteristics of the soil, presenting the potential to replace synthetic fertilizers, promoting the greater productive and vegetative performance of the crops. The objective was to evaluate the soil respiration and the agronomic and physiological attributes of pepper plants (Capsicum annuum) under doses and times of application of biological fertilizers. Two experiments were carried out with applications of biological fertilizers prepared from manure and enriched organic compound, one using bovine manure (ABB) in its composition and the other, sheep manure (ABO). The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design, in a 4 x 3 + 1 factorial scheme, with three replications, for four doses of biological fertilizers (100, 200, 300 and 400 dm³ ha-1), three application times (0, 30 and 60 DAT) and an absolute control. Variables involved in edaphic respiration were evaluated in the day and night shifts (soil surface temperature, Tsup, and 10 cm depth, T10, soil moisture, U and edaphic respiration, RE), on plant growth , Number of leaves, NF, length of leaf, CF, leaf width, LF and leaf area, AF), morphological and yield attributes of sweet pepper (number commercial fruit, NFC, and non-commercial, NFNC; fruit diameter, DF; length of fruits, CF; resistance of the fruit peel, RCF; number of flower buds, NBF; total weight of fruits, PTF; mean weight of fruits, PMF; and productivity, P) and gaseous and chlorophyll exchange variables (liquid photosynthesis, A, stomatal conductance, gs, internal CO2 concentration, Ci, instantaneous carboxylation efficiency, EiC - A / Ci, transpiration rate, and intrinsic efficiency of use of water, EIUA - A / gs; water use efficiency, USA - A / E; the relative index of chlorophyll a, b and total; and chlorophyll a / b ratio). The ABO provided higher Tsup, T10 and RE scores in the two shifts evaluated, except for Tsup and T10 at night. At the time of day, only the treatments in which ABO 400 and 300 dm³ ha-1 were applied, in the seasons of 0 and 30 DAT, respectively. ABB provides longer leaf length, leaf width and leaf area in the sweet pepper. Biological fertilizers caused positive effects on PTF, NFC, PMF and P of the sweet pepper. The dose of 300 dm³ ha-1 at 30 DAT promotes a significant increase in the diameter of sweet peppers. A gs, A and E, had an effect on the 60 DAT with the ABO application and the Ci at 30 DAT with ABB. The ABO 400 dm³ ha-1 dose provided higher gs results, and the ABB 200 and 300 dm³ ha-1 doses promoted higher Ci. The EiC showed difference with the application of ABO at 60 DAT. The total chlorophyll index was higher with the application of ABB at the time of 0 DAT.

The attentional demand for visual stimuli can alter the emotional impact of a situation, just as emotional visual stimuli can interfere with attention. Many factors may influence this interaction, among them, emotional regulation. The objective of this study was to investigate whether distracting emotional stimuli are capable of interfering in the performance of tasks with high attention engagement. In order to do so, discrimination tests were carried out in the orientation between two bars presented bilaterally in the periphery of the visual field (equal or different orientation), whose degree of difficulty depended on the difference in orientation of the same. At the same time, a neutral or negative emotional central figure was presented between the bars, and a valence judgment task (neutral or negative). Tasks were randomized in their order of presentation. Emotion Regulation Profile - Br was also used to evaluate the predominant mode of emotional regulation. It was characterized as descriptive, comparative, correlational, transversal nature of ex post facto research. Participants (n = 135) responded to the inclusion and exclusion tools for the study: socio-demographic questionnaire, Beck Inventory for Depression (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The results indicated that the negative emotional distractor stimuli influenced the average hit rate in the most difficult task, which required a greater attentional engagement in the valence judgment. The data suggest that emotional stimuli are privileged in the dispute for attention resources.

The work aims to analyze, based on a Scheduling Theory and the processes of social construction of the news, the symbolic content issued by news portals from Paraíba when dealing with crimes against transvestites, a group of the most vulnerable in the Brazilian criminality spectrum. A survey was structured based on data provided by the LGBT Management of the Secretariat of Women and Human Diversity of the State of Paraíba (SEMDH), referring to homicides of lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transvestites and transsexuals until the year 2016, with which we worked to identify how the local press reported these cases to society. As an object of study, we will analyze as a media event specifically the murders of two transvestites from Paraíba - Inete, who died in 2011 in the city of Campina Grande and Cicarelli, murdered in João Pessoa in 2016-, through news stories published in the state's three largest news portals: Jornal de Paraíba, Portal Correio and G1 Paraíba. The cases were chosen from interviews conducted with LGBT activists and also based on the repercussion in the local press, with a temporal cut that aims to understand the discursive changes that have occurred in relation to these crimes in recent years, arising from the ascendancy of movements organized by and for trans people in Brazil. Through the analysis of the content of the selected cases, we believe that this work can give a brief overview of the situation of tranvestite in Paraíba, their pains and achievements, and what the media are doing for - or against - this population. To broaden the debate, we will briefly discuss the state of public policies for transgender people in the state, in order to reflect on the institutional reasons why these show-deaths follow as events of little relevance.

This work has as its object the union organization of social workers in Brazil. At the end of the 1980s, this professional category deliberated by affiliation to branches of activity, causing the extinction of its federation and most of its unions in the early 1990s. However, this decision does not occur without controversy, expressed in the maintenance of the activities of five trade unions that later founded the National Federation of Social Workers (Fenas) in 2002 to encourage the reopening of social worker unions. Thus, the objective is to analyze the process of maintaining the activities of the specific unions in the 1990s and reopening, starting in 2002. In order to understand their historical determinants and political perspectives, which pervades the discussions on productive restructuring and the neoliberal advances, syndicalism in Brazil and the trajectory of the Brazilian Social Service. In order to deepen these aspects, a bibliographical research was carried out on the subject and field, with the directorates of the unions of social workers, five unions participated - in which one was a union that maintained its activities and four reopened between the years of 2007 and 2013 -. Through the research it can be analyzed that the defense of the different forms of unionization is based on political divergences regarding a corporate project and the Brazilian Social Service. For, to close their specific unions and foster the development of unions by branch of activity / production is in line with a strategy of classist unionism to overcome corporatism and the fragmentation of the working class in accordance with the hegemonic ethical and political project in the Service Brazilian society, built on the basis of its rupture with conservatism. While maintaining the unions is politically aligned with a pragmatic unionism, inserted in the logic of negotiations and guarantees within the order, which became progressively, during the 1990s, majority within the CUT. The creation of Fenas in 2002 articulated with the mainstream of the CUT is an expression of this process. One can also cite the pragmatic, immediatist posture that relegates the historical contextualization of deliberation by unionization by branch of activity / production, as well as the postures of placing the political divergences from the interior of the category to the personal and evaluative field.

The present thesis provides an analysis related to the civil and political initiatives facing the current climate crisis and the ecological and social consequences. The study focuses on understanding the emerging movement known as “social and ecological transition” that has been under development within the civil society as well as within the French political governmental context. This movement relies on scientific data and opinions of environmental experts as well as on empirical data for analysis of climate change due to anthropogenic impacts in the last two centuries. The empirical research aimed to record and improve the knowledge regarding the actions, profile and speech of activists of the “transition” through an immersion in a local French movement known as “Alternatiba” that has its headquarters in Nantes, France. Methodological instruments that combined on-site observations, semistructured interviews, literature overview and documental research (e.g. internal documents, emails and social media) were employed for a qualitative and comprehensive approach. Some questions were raised during this process, including: What are the emerging conditions of these initiatives? How these initiatives are characterized and organized? What is claimed by them? What are the profiles of the activists? What are the challenges and dilemma involved? This study provides a brief overview of the theories and critics of the development as well as the idea of sustainable development and its unsupportive promises that are observed in the “transition” movement. The study later present an analysis of the emerging application of the “transition” terminology within the context of social and environmental problems. The “transition” movement was examined under the concepts of Boaventura de Sousa Santos such as the “emerging sociology” and the “south epistemology”. The hypothesis that this movement is supported by repetitive epistemology which are evident in the alter-globalist movements and thus in the contra-hegemonic actions is raised. The results of this study shows that the “social and ecological transition” movement provides robust solutions for facing the environmental crisis and decreasing the social and environmental impacts. It also engages on the transformation of the hegemonic lifestyle in order to contribute to the social and ecological transition for a more sustainable, harmonic, united and desirable society. One of the main goals of this movement is public engagement for social and environmental justice. It is also showed herein the main strategies for environmental engagement, influences, challenges and restrictions.

The pharmacological and toxicological effects of the Ethanol extract of Brazilian Red Propolis (EPVP) from João Pessoa (Paraíba, Brazil) were studied. Thin layer chromatography was used to characterize its major compounds. In order to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the EPVP alone and in combination with Chlorhexidine (Clx), different in vitro antimicrobial studies were used. In carrying out the toxicological studies of the EPVP, tests of antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity were carried out using human red blood cells obtained from the Lauro Wanderley University Hospital blood bank. In the in vivo toxicity studies, the Brine Shrimp Test was performed using larvae of Artemia salina L., a microcatchus of the class Anostracea in the form of methanuplium, in addition to the chorioallantoic membrane toxicity test using fertilized chicken eggs, observing signs of vascular alteration . In the mouse assays, the Swiss species from the Thomas George / UFPB Bioternium were used and the genotoxicity and acute toxicity of the EPVP were evaluated. The antimicrobial activity experiments showed that EPVP promoted an antibacterial effect against species of the genus Streptococcus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with MIC ranging from 62.5 to 125 μg/mL and CBM ranging from 250 to 500 μg/mL. In the Clx association test, the substances MIC decreased by up to 16 fold, exhibiting synergism against S. mutans, S. oralis and S. salivarius. EPVP has been shown to have a potent antibiofilm effect against S. mutans, S. mitis, S. oralis and multispecies. EPVP at concentrations up to 500 μg/mL did not induce death in A. salina nor did it prove to be an irritant in the chorioallantoic membrane test in chicken eggs as it failed to promote vasoconstriction, hemorrhage or coagulation in the vascularization. In addition, EPVP induced weak hemolysis (<45%) at 500 μg / mL in all type A, B and O erythrocytes, inhibited phenylhydrazine-induced oxidation, and did not promote hemoglobin oxidation. Also, no micronuclei were detected in erythrocytes of rodents that used PLEV. In the evaluation of acute toxicity, after the oral administration of the EPVP, it was observed that the compound under study did not induce behavioral alterations nor did it alter the feed consumption of treated animals, without changing body weight, organ weight and biochemical parameters evaluated. In conclusion, these results suggest that EPVP is made antibacterial, with low cytotoxic, toxicological and genotoxic potency.

The production of yellow passion fruit is already well established in the Brazilian Northeast, however, some cultural practices such as organic fertilization in the crop need to be elucidated, as well as the increase of productivity with the use of some mineral compounds such as silicon. In view of the above, the objective of this research was to evaluate the nutrition and post-harvest quality of two varieties of yellow passion fruit, in two subsequent crops, as a function of two sources of organic fertilization, without and with application of silicon in the soil-climatic conditions of Agreste Pernambucano. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications, consisting of 12 treatments, evaluated in two consecutive seasons. Two varieties of yellow passion fruit 'Redondo amarillo' and 'BRS Sol do Cerrado' were used. The fertilizations were with tanned bovine manure (10L per pit) and tanned chicken bed (2L per pit). The silicate fertilization was with potassium silicate via soil (40ml of solution per plant). The experimental unit consisted of two plants. The leaf contents (N, P, K and Si), as well as the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents, carbon and organic matter in the soil, as well as productivity, were evaluated. The fruits were evaluated for mass of the fresh matter (fruit, bark and pulp), fruit length and diameter, firmness, bark color (L, a, b, C and H), pulp color (C and H), soluble solids , titratable acidity and pulp yield. The data were evaluated through analysis of variance, and means were compared by the Tukey or F test. The interactions of organic fertilizers, especially bovine manure, with potassium silicate increased the nutrient content, both in soil and leaves, as well as productivity of yellow passion fruit. The quality of the fruits of plants submitted to organic fertilization presents physical characteristics of greater acceptance for the consumer market of yellow passion fruit.

Wine has high levels of polyphenols which include both flavonoids and non-flavonoids. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated an association between the consumption of phenolics rich food and beverages and reduce risk of cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Among the factors associated with the development of hypertension, an extremely important and current issue is the participation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in its pathogenesis. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and anti-hypertensive effect of a rich phenolic fraction derived from red wine (Syrah from the São Francisco Valley region), in spontaneously hypertensive rats. The wine was partitioned with EtOAc at different pHs yielding three fractions. The total phenolic content of wine and fractions was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and expressed as milligrams of gallic acid equivalent per liter or per extract gram of extract (mg GAE/L; mg GAE/ g). The antiradicalar activity was determined using the DPPH (with ascorbic acid as positive control), the Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) or the ABTS•+ test (with Trolox as a positive control). The determination of monomeric anthocyanins was carried out by the differential pH method. The chromatographic profile and the determination and quantification of quercetin and trans-resveratrol was performed by HPLC-UV. Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Electrospray Ionization High resolution Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-TOF) was used to identify the compounds present in pH 7 acetate fraction (FrAcOEt SyRe VSF). Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were divided into 4 groups (n=32): SHR + saline (n = 8); SHR + FrAcOEt pH 7 Syre ESV (50 mg/kg) (n = 8); SHR + saline (n = 8); SHR + FrAcOEt pH 7 Syre ESV (100 mg/kg) (n = 8) and treated with the respective daily doses V.O. by gavage for two weeks. 24h after cannulation blood pressure, heart rate were recorded and baroreflex stimulated. Oxidative stress was measured via lipid peroxidation (TBARS). Superior mesenteric artery rings isolated from normotensive rats were used to evaluate the vasorelaxant effect of FrAcOEt pH 7 SyRe VSF. The FrAcOEt pH 7 SyRe VSF had the largest total phenolic content (58.45 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g) and monomeric anthocyanins (4.99 ± 0.019 mg/L) compared to other fractions. In addition it showed the best antioxidant activity against the DPPH and ABTS radical. The quercetin content and transresveratrol in FrAcOEt pH 7 SyRe VSF were respectively: 8.56 ± 0.078 and 1.11 ± 0.009 mg/mL. The UPLC/MS analysis of FrAcOEt pH 7 SyRe VSF allowed the identification of 13 compounds, including phenolic acids and flavonoids of various classes. Treatment of animals with FrAcOEt pH 7 SyRe VSF at 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg significantly reduced blood pressure when compared to the control group (146.1 ± 4.062 n = 7 vs 159.0 ± 3.891 n = 7, respectively) and (126.5 ± 5.322 n = 8 3.039 ± 150.0 vs. n = 7, respectively). Only at 100 mg/kg the fraction was able to significantly decrease the heart rate compared to the control group (314.6 ± 9.507 n = 8, 358.6 ± 15.00 n = 7, respectively) and to decrease lipid peroxidation (0.9250 nmol/L ± 0.1750 n = 4 vs. 2.180 nmol/L ± 0.3891 n = 5, respectively. There was no improvement in baroreflex sensitivity in neither dose. The cumulative addition of FrAcOEt pH 7 SyRe VSF caused vasorelaxation independent on the presence of vascular endothelium, with Emax = 103.7 ± 9.9% n = 7 in the presence of endothelium and Emax = 105.6 ± 5.9% n = 6 in the absence of endothelium. Thus, such results highlight the efficacy of the extraction process and suggest that FrAcOEt pH 7 SyRe VSF induces an in vivo antihypertensive effect and that this effect may be related to the content of phenolic compounds present in the fraction, even though probably some polyphenols present in wine and important for the biological effects observed here were concentrated in the other fractions not evaluated in this study. In addition, the in vitro activity observed for FrAcOEt pH 7 SyRe VSF, inducing vasorelaxant effect independent of vascular endothelium, probably involves calcium channel blockade and potassium channel opening.

The loss of food caused by a variety of microorganisms has been recognized as an inconvenience and one of the major concerns of the food industry, mainly because of the economic impact. In addition, with the increasing prevalence of drug-resistant pathogens occurs at a time when the discovery and development of new antimicrobial agents occur slowly. In this way, the present study aims to investigate in vitro and in silico the antifungal activity of isoeugenol against strains Penicillium citrinum and its toxic effects. In order to evaluate the bioactivities and toxicological risk in silico, the online PASS, Molinspiration and Osíris software were used. To investigate the antifungal activity in vitro, the microdilution, checkerboard and ergosterol and sorbitol tests were used. The cytotoxic effect was demonstrated using human erythrocytes. The phytoconstituent had satisfactory oral bioavailability parameters and a reproductive and mutagenic toxicological risk after in silico analysis, but it was not cytotoxic. It presented antifungal action in the strains tested with fungicide effect, causing disturbance in the antifungal plasma membrane. In this way, isoeugenol has been shown to be a possible candidate for biocide and / or antifungal drug for the treatment of fungal infections.

Objective: To verify if the dental caries experience of children with Cerebral Palsy differs from children without Cerebral Palsy. Methodology: a controlled crosssectional study was carried out with quantitative approach, descriptive and analytical procedures, inductive method and intensive direct observation technique. The non-probabilistic sample consisted of 116 children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) and 348 children without Cerebral Palsy (WCP) aged 2 to 12 years, matched by age, in the proportion of 1:3, the former being attended in five rehabilitation institutions, and the second group studied in two nurseries and two schools of the municipal network of João Pessoa-PB. Results: the caries experience (dmf or DMF≥1) was similar when evaluated in the chi-square test between the groups of children with CP (58.9%) and WCP (53.7%), p = 0.360. The analysis of dmf data by age with the Mann Whitney test showed that the frequency of deciduous teeth extracted at 5 years (CP = 0.69 ± 2.21 and WCP = 0.00 ± 0.00, p = 0.01) and of decayed teeth at 6 years (CP = 5.80 ± 5.43 and WCP = 1.70 ± 2.14, p = 0.01) was higher in children with CP. The mixed dentition showed, in the Mann Whitney test, a significant difference in the frequency of decayed teeth at six years of age, which was higher in children with CP (7.27 ± 4.92) compared to WCP (2.46 ± 2.85), p = 0.02. The DMF index for permanent dentition, considering its components, by age, in the studied groups, in the Mann Whitney test, did not present a significant difference (p <0.05). Conclusion: The experience of dental caries among children aged two to 12 years with CP and WCP was similar. When stratifying by age, children with CP had, in the deciduous dentition, more teeth extracted at age 5 and more decayed teeth at 6 years of age. There were no differences in the components of the permanent dentition in the stratification by age.