RCAAP Repository

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

Started in 1974, the posthumous book Um sopro de vida (pulsações), by Clarice Lispector, came to public in 1978. Written "in agony" (Borelli, 1981), the work resumes introspective density featuring Clarice's writing, repeats the existential paradox life and death so recurrent in her work, reveals itself as a work of beginning and end, one and multiple, finally, leading us by several known ways, or not. Recognizing that reading involves an empathetic relationship and motivated to continue the master's research, also about Clarice's work, I felt compelled to face the reading of such a dense work and to seek still little trodden paths. Thus, in this project, we have resumed aspects which have not been explored in our master's research for not being part of the objectives of that work, but which were perceived as relevant for further study. Among these aspects, we mention the manifestation of the double as a structural element of Um sopro de vida (pulsações) narrative, 1978, chosen as the corpus of this research. The theme of the double has always been present in the Western culture, varying according to the historical moment. Renovated in modernity, the myth of the double also reveals the man as a shattered person, having as one of its possible representations the division of the "I" in an "ego" and an "alter ego". To better understand the relationship of the double with the work, we can say that many centuries separate the Greek legend, told by Aristophanes, and from the book Um sopro de vida (pulsações), by Clarice Lispector. The legend seeks to explain the need of human beings to ever get the half that fulfills them; Clarice's work embodies, among others, the man's questioning in search of himself, reflecting on the "who am I?", "who is the other?". In this way, describing and analyzing the figure of the narrator-Author, establishing a counterpoint between narrator-Author/Ângela Pralini and observing the process of building the character like an image that is constituted "by" the other makes up the specific objectives of this study; it is also our purpose to investigate and analyze the effects of discursive meanings that recover the images of God, of the "you", of the mirror and the death in relation to the narrator-Author and Ângela Pralini. Guiding us, then, through reflections, by Rank, Clément Rosset, Bravo, Bakhtin, among others, the research presented here proposes, as a questioning, to investigate how the image of the double emerges as a structuring element of Clarice's narrative, more specifically in Um sopro de vida (pulsações), and to what extent this discursive feature manifests itself in the narrator-Author/Ângela Pralini counterpoint, his double, also investigating how this narrator is manifested in personal oscillations, in the expansion of the narrating function, in the lexical choices, in the adopted bias: who is the double of whom?

This thesis develops and defends the notion that teaching-learning relationships in the classroom environment encompass ethical conflicts in the search for mutual recognition. It argues that the hurdles faced by high school teachers are directly related to deep-rooted conflicts inherent in students’ pursuit of recognition. The study investigated both the teaching strategies of experienced teachers, considered to be highly effective by their peers, as well as strategies used by inexperienced teachers, for a comparative analysis. It is based on Axel Honneths’s philosophical and social contributions on the moral grammar of social conflicts in the struggle for recognition within the classroom environment, as well as the psychoanalytical theories of Donald Winnicot related to the nature of the Self and its processes of emotional development and attachment. During this study, qualitative research was conducted in the context of two state schools in São Paulo, in areas of both high and low economic growth, over a period of two years. As regards methodology, an adaptation of the Depth Hermeneutics formulated by John Thompson was employed during three phases. The first phase gathered documents and interviews with community members, in order to collect information related to the cultural and historical contexts of the schools and interviewees. The second phase took place during a six month-period of classes and included ethnographic reports of two teachers with over 10 years of experience, two teachers beginning their careers and one teacher with 5 years of experience and on probation period. Finally, the third phase of the research consisted of gathering together the study field surveys and the theoretical approach to make interpretations and reinterpretations of the observed phenomena. The result showed that the majority of conflicts between students and teachers occur due to struggles for recognition rather than relationships between “quality class” and “behavioral problems”. Results show that creative gestures in the teaching-learning environment derive from a potential space that allows a bond of trust between students and their teachers.

Este trabalho apresenta o ambiente hípico sob o ponto de vista arquitetônico e mostra a influência da arquitetura na qualidade de vida e rendimento esportivo dos animais. Notando um vácuo nesse campo em território nacional, busca-se, por meio de arquitetura apropriada, feita por profissionais com conhecimento não apenas em edificações genéricas, mas também conhecedores do cavalo, melhorar a saúde e desempenho do animal. A obra em questão vem com o objetivo de reunir diversos itens do dia a dia hípico e explicitar formas adequadas de serem executados. Para tanto, foi passado um panorama geral do cenário hípico mundial e, após um recorte nacional, elencou-se partes chave para um empreendimento hípico, apresentando-o, contando o que se observa no dia a dia atualmente e qual seria a condição ideal para tal. Estudos de caso nacionais e internacionais bem-sucedidos foram usados de exemplo. O formato mais segmentado foi escolhido pelo fato de um leitor comum, não estar a par do linguajar e termos hípicos. Dessa forma, é interessante que se contextualize o leitor antes de dar as explicações. Com essa composição, ficou evidente a carência por material nacional voltado ao mundo do cavalo e suas necessidades arquitetônicas, bem como as falhas cometidas por falta de conhecimento, acarretando em problemas de saúde aos animais alojados. Espera-se que como produto dessa realização, mais informação chegue aos proprietários de estabelecimentos hípicos, de modo a mostrar a influência direta e indireta da boa arquitetura no desemprenho e qualidade desses animais tão importantes no mercado e na vida dos que com eles convivem.

foram as palavras do ex-prefeito de São Paulo, João Doria, após megaoperação realizada pelo Governo do Estado e pela Prefeitura na madrugada do dia 21 de maio de 2017. A ação opressora contou com 900 agentes, helicópteros, bombas de efeito moral, balas de borracha e abordagens agressivas por parte das polícias Civil e Militar, com o intuito de dispersar os usuários do fluxo e liberar acesso às principais ruas para entrar em hotéis, pensões e estabelecimentos comerciais, onde se encontravam “traficantes suspeitos”

Results and contributions: Besides failing in levelling the minimum quality of safety signage, the results show that regulation has ultimately produced a perverse effect by creating imbalances in the market competitive forces that tend to shift end-users' preferences to the manufactures in ´non-compliance´ with the MQS, who remain unpunished and unscathed in the market. Moreover, the regulatory environment has developed some inner characteristics that tend to a continuous state of deterioration. The result analysis indicates a possible direction for improvements if a more complete regulatory process is implemented, with the inclusion of auxiliary legislation that comprises fines for those companies found in non-compliance and a monitoring and enforcement policy scheme that makes quality assessments possible. Objectives: This paper assesses the influence of end-users’ choices on the average quality level and prices of safety signage based upon the initial, and suggested by the literature, idea of an incomplete and lax enforcement policy. Thus, a specific objective must be determined corresponding to the perception of the general market compliance with the MQS and the regulatory process as a whole. Relevance: Safety signs in Brazil are regulated by legislation issued by fire brigades and technically grounded by a minimum quality standard (MQS), namely the standard from the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas) ABNT NBR 13434, parts 1, 2 and 3. When the vertical product quality dimension is not easily observable, complementary control mechanisms should be established aiming a broad and complete regulatory process, from the emission of the MQS to the process of inspection and sanctioning. In doing this, the possibility of having a counterproductive regulation effect in the market is diminished; by the regulatory failure in establishing a minimum quality safety signs’ level, end-users tend to push manufacturers for 'low cost signs’ which in turn are able to meet such demands through the relaxation of product quality levels. Impact: The regulatory environment created over time has privileged safety signs’ manufacturers in ‘non-compliance’ with the MQS, and the constant demand for such products has facilitated the entry of new manufacturers. Cumulatively, the technical inability of enforcement bodies in observing safety signs’ real quality, tends to discourage stricter supervision, ultimately resulting in a complete lack of control of the regulatory process. Methodology: The present study applies the accounting tool of total cost of ownership to examine the end-user influence on the status quo of safety signage using qualitative research obtained via semi-structured interviews conducted to ten distribution companies of safety signs from the states of São Paulo and Paraná.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

O presente trabalho visa abordar os aspectos gerais do direito à laje, tal qual trazido na lei 13.465 de 11 de julho de 2017, bem como a repercussão da novidade legislativa na sociedade. A relevância se extrai do modelo de construção popular denominado laje nas comunidades brasileiras, que são largamente utilizadas e em constante crescimento. O método empregado é a análise legal, doutrinária e jurisprudencial do tema. Traça-se neste trabalho uma incursão aos direitos reais, adentrando aos aspectos comuns entre si e sua diferenciação com os direitos pessoais. Em seguida, faz-se uma breve digressão ao processo de expansão urbana no Brasil, culminando no processo de segregação urbana e formação das favelas. Vê-se que a laje foi inserida no ordenamento jurídico no patamar dos direitos reais, podendo ser extraídas da sua criação, características próprias que a diferem dos demais institutos, com destaque ao condomínio edilício, superfície civil e urbana. A aplicação do novo direito na sociedade demonstra ser viável dentro da modalidade de regularização urbana de interesse social, trazida na própria lei que instituiu o direito à laje, fora desse contexto a efetivação do direito é mais embaraçosa.

Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Artificial lighting is considered one of the biggest energy costs in commercial buildings after the air conditioning systems. The design of efficient lighting system contributes to energy sustainability of buildings throughout the building life cycle. Another important aspect of the project is the importance of quality lighting in the health and safety of workers, directly affecting its production. This research aims to analyze what characteristics lead to the quality of artificial lighting design and energy efficiency. The method applied is the embedded case study, having as object of study the Philips head office in Barueri. The form of analysis is to support Brazilian rules and American on the subject, ISO / CIE. 8995-1 (2013) and the Guide ANSI / IES - RP-1-12 (2012) and the certification of LEED and RTQ-C Procel. The analysis carried out at the office Philips demonstrates a balance from the design of interior design, with the colors of the walls in each room designed for their use, but also for better lighting and user productivity.

Igreja Presbiteriana do Brasil

This work studies the Vila Mariana slums, analyzing this physical cut well-defined through a broad segment of time. After a brief overview of the world situation, shows the relationships of the history of the city of Sao Paulo with the formation of slums in Vila Mariana and it growth in later decades. It discusses some concepts of slums and then submit the slums of Vila Mariana, resuming his story, based on old entries of slums and reports of other municipal administrations. It also displays the current status of these slums and presents a forecast for its future through information of the current system of registration of slums in the city. Three case studies are done configuring the analysis closer to the slums of Vila Mariana. Finally, discusses the results presented correlating information from previous sections and concludes with some considerations.

This study aims to analyse if whether there are and what are the legal limits of freedom of the press, one of the pillars of democracy, especially in relation to media coverage of criminal news. It will analyze which factors can mitigate this freedom of speech, especially their union with the government, a practice that could endanger the democratic regime itself and the influence that economic power has on the media, which are today very dependent on advertising revenues, whether private, whether public. Also the rights of the defendant, during and after the criminal prosecution, will be studied and how these can be restrictors of the press activities, which must be applied the balancing interests techinical to solve this conflict, according to the circumstances of the case. Finally it will be analyzed some trials which recognize the limitation of media freedom against the fundamental rights of the defendant.

Analysing the ancient spaces designed for commerce in the history of civilisation it is possible notice that such places were not just used for the exchange of goods, but were also a place for meeting and for public life of citizens, as was the case of the Arabian bazaar, the Greek ágora and the Paris markets. This use of public space for commerce will undergo great changes after the Industrial Revolution, when products began to be produced in large scale and when population as a whole started to have access to the the places that sold these goods. It is the time of the appearance of big department stores and commercial arcades. Arcades, also called passages, first appeared in Paris, in the end of the 19th century, and spred throughout the world, modifying the relations between public and private in the urban space of cities. Being a private facility, accessible to the public in general, it was possible to browse through it without buying something. Differently from indoor shopping centres these spaces related in a more open way with the city, without visible barriers between public, private or semi-private spaces. In São Paulo commercial arcades appeared in the 20th century, following the Frnech idea of increasing the "profitable" areas of buildings. Most of them exist up to now and are located downtown. With their uses focused on commerce, many of them have specialised in one type of product. They are still used as passages by pedestrians who only wish to cross blocks through their interior. This research aims to analyse some of these places from the point of view of the relation established between public and private spaces taking into consideration the access, internal circulation and other important items in the project of each one of these arcades.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

We can observe around the globe the emergence of a new type of urban occupation with a dispersive or diffused character, resulting from a number of factors, including the technological revolution, favorable turn-of-the-century global economic conditions, neoliberal urban policies, and new ways of life evolving in a redefined society. However, this occupation brings low densities, and burdens public agents with the expensive costs of extending infrastructure in vaster and distant spaces. This kind of occupation tends to multiply disorganized, disconnected, and often enclosed urban enclaves such as closed subdivisions, created according to the logic of real estate developers, limiting social exchange between social groups. This phenomenon, which presents peculiar traits in each locality or region – as seen in the referential cases of the American Sunbelt and Houston, Texas; and the megadevelopment of Nordelta to the North of Buenos Aires, Argentina – marks the formation of the São Paulo Macrometropolis, an urban complex in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, formed by the articulation of the Metropolitan Regions of São Paulo, Campinas, Baixada Santista, Vale do Paraíba / Litoral Norte, Sorocaba and the Urban Agglomerations of Jundiaí and Piracicaba; and, at the heart of this territory, occurs intensively in the city of Itupeva, which in this work is the object of study. Although a number of uses are present, the main protagonists in this case are residential subdivisions that function as gated communities, which multiplied intensively between the years 1990 and 2010. There is another example in the region that illustrates this phenomenon, the enterprise "Vida Completa Serra Azul", a private complex which brings together a range of urban activities; such as residential areas, hotel, theme parks, services and entertainment with controlled access. This urban morphology is supported by commercial enclaves, designed, implemented and managed by the private sector, and depends on your purchasing power to access its various elements.

The objective of this work is to do a critical analysis over the behavior of adolescents that belong to an internationally known religious group named The Watchtower Society. A report of the performance of this group was drawn from the origins, from its foundation to the current days. Their main doctrines and influences and how these determine their followers to be. After a brief definition of adolescent, their conflicts and challenges in this complicated period of the human existence, through the study of reports, testimonies, articles and Watchtower s literatures, a reflection was made over the adolescent's modus vivendi and the tensions which they go through and are constantly submitted, to guarantee that in everything they are faithful and prove their loyalty to the organization. When insubordination, questioning or confrontation happens, the disassociated adolescent suffers many profound and significant losses. For that reason, this work offers practical alternatives and solutions that aid to attend the recently disassociated in order to help in its social re-insertion.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa