RCAAP Repository

En esta tesis doctoral tratamos de comprender hasta qué punto el proceso de expansión territorial urbana del Distrito Federal es un productor y un producto de la segregación socioespacial, y en qué esta segregación se presenta en uno de sus espacios urbanos la Región Administrativa de Samambaia. En esto trabajo, realizamos el análisis de lo asentamiento urbano de Samambaia, avaluando el grado de articulación de sus procesos, en mayor o menor grado de articulación de estas asignaciones, a toda la zona urbana y el resto del Distrito Federal. Por lo tanto, fueran tratados empírico y teóricamente la aparición y el grado de la segregación socio-espacial existentes, a través de pruebas del nivel de integración entre los habitantes de los asentamientos y el resto de la ciudad y del grado de acceso que tienen a los medios de consumo colectivo, articulando la realidad de la parte al todo, teniendo en cuenta que Samambaia contiene especificidades y particularidades que igualan o la diferencian ante la urbanización en el Distrito Federal. Verificamos que el proceso de segregación socio-espacial es extremadamente fuerte y dinámico en el Distrito Federal, y qué elementos constituyentes forjan dinámicas espaciales distintas en cada una de las treinta regiones administrativas do DF, mientras que, estudiando Samambaia, comprendemos situaciones comunes, que ocurren en toda urb do DF, bien como diferenciaciones, sobre todo por qué cada parte del espacio abriga un cierto extracto de población, contiene ciertas condicionantes históricas y sociopoliticas, o que nos permitió afirmar que la segregación socioespacial en Samambaia es producto do proceso de segregación socioespacial del Distrito Federal.

This work presents the results of a study that has as its object of research the High School National Exam (Enem) and its impact on teaching Geography in public schools of Minas Gerais. The main objective of this research is to verify the understanding of Geography teachers and high schools administrators of Patos de Minas about Enem, in order to see if this exam, as a public policy evaluation, is reverberating on the (re)organization of schools, and on the pedagogical practices of teachers as well. The methodology used to obtain the data is descriptive, with quantitative and qualitative approach. The data collection techniques were the semistructured interview applied to the administrators and a questionnaire applied in a census form to the Geography teachers. In the quantitative approach the findings of the questionnaire are presented in frequency tables and percentages. To correlate the variables frequencies the Spearman correlation coefficient was used. In the qualitative approach, we have conducted the content analysis as a means of reinterpreting the messages of the administrators in order to achieve an understanding of their meanings at a level that goes beyond a common interpretation. The results reveal that, somehow, there are influences of that exam on schools as well as on some of the initiatives of the Geography teachers so they can change teaching strategies. However, these strategies happen superficially in order to prepare students for the Enem test in its role as national entrance exam. Enem is not yet seen by most teachers and administrators, as a way to promote the improvement of teaching and learning for students of public schools. The exam is presented as a regulator of the teaching activity, confined to the evaluation model, with a slight relation with the curriculum and pedagogical practices. The survey revealed that the administrators of high schools and Geography teachers recognize the importance of Enem as an external evaluation, although they demonstrate little knowledge of this policy regarding the analysis of the results as a tool that can add value to actions aimed at improving basic education. We conclude that Enem is an evaluation policy that reflects the principles of the educational reform of secondary education in Brazil, configured as a mechanism that intertwines the teaching-learning process and interferes in various situations, resulting in consequences for schools teachers and students. This work can therefore contribute to reflections on public policies of evaluation, especially Enem, taking into account the social importance that the examination took over its multiple functions, especially ProUni and SISU.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Environmental issues arising from the growth and formation of cities are numerous, making the municipal management essential to promote the integration of man and nature. A natural resource that needs greater protection undoubtedly is water, considering that is essential to life on Earth. In Uberlândia, Uberabinha River Whatershed, due to its location, plays a key role in the public water supply of the city , with high economic importance for the region , however , suffers the consequences of the intense process of urbanization and regional farming. Protect and restore springs, by planting of riparian forests is the minimum necessary to allow for some water quality and quantity, to supply the city and rural activities.. With this aim was created Buriti Program in the city of Uberlândia, that intend to transform the farmers involved in the program on Water Producers \" and represents one of the measures of implementation of environmental legislation , adopted by the local government in favor of preserving water resources. This thesis aims to study this Program as the implementing legislation policy, and study the perception of farmers involved in it. In this paper, there is a dialogue with the following methods and techniques of research: literature review, observation, questionnaires, and qualitative research triangulation. The method therefore comprises technical procedures for gathering, organization and analysis of data and information, as well as analysis of results of research information in the field. With the research it was established that the Buriti Program has shown positive effects, especially in relation to their larger goal, which is to increase the flow of water and has also presented other environmental benefits, such as improving the ecosystem of participating properties. However, in the opinion of the interviewees, the program still needs to go through some adjustments and improvements, so that their effectiveness may be even greater. The demarcation of areas of permanent preservation can compromises the income of small farmers and their formation and maintenance is very costly. Environmental law is generic, does not provide particularities, so when implanted be through a public action, as in the case of the Buriti Program, presents the need to create mechanisms to ensure that it is actually fulfilled. The farmer is the main agent capable of ensuring the effectiveness of Buriti Program and ensures their participation, only through mechanisms of control and repression, is not the best way. Thus, in addition to technical support, service and equipment for the establishment of permanent preservation areas, it is appropriate that the municipal government of Uberlândia create ways to remunerate farmers for provided environmental services as \"producer of water.\"

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

This work entitled \"socio Resilience in sugarcane expansion in the Cerrado of Goiás: the rural town of Maurilândia/GO subjected the contradictions and dualities in the area of sugarcane expansion in the Cerrado of Goiás. Our main goal was to understand the socio-resilience as a human and spatial appreciation process, regarding the existence (resistance) and coexistence of the subjects in places invaded by sugarcane in the Cerrado of Goiás and the rural town of Maurilandia / GO. The problematize was this set of questions: What are the places and life and work conditions of rural individuals in Maurilândia town and its surroundings in the socio-economic conjuncture of an area transgressed and appropriated for sugarcane agribusiness? What are the social and spatial implications given the dynamics and movement of sugarcane capital in Goiás Cerrado and coexistence of the humanities in places territorialized by sugarcane? The research method was relational qualitative. Incursions in field were of substantial importance for data gathering. The local subjects in the surveyed area, the core area Vale Verdão (ACVV), known as cerradeiros , had their life stories transformed by sugarcane agribusiness. The people from Cerrado live in a contradict movement to the place they live, for the right to be, have and continue living in Cerrado. The populations of cerradeiros live an intimate relationship with natural elements, alternating cultivation, extraction and preservation for survival sake of their own knowledge, while maintaining biodiversity of Cerrado whereas living and reproducing in it. The knowledge and sociocultural characteristics should mark out the introduction of the new, the art, the socio-spatial transformations, especially the insertion of large projects with strong social and environmental impacts. The research took place in small and medium-sized farms located in Rio Verdão watershed (Rio Verde), municipalities Maurilânida, Turvelândia and Castelândia - Goiás and in their urban areas. In these places, the socio-spatial \'reading\' was due to the direct, indirect observation, conducting interviews and collecting testimonies with main focus on the reality of the subjects: residents of rural and urban areas near the Mill Valley Verdão and Alcohol S / A.

The society of the twenty-first century is the network society. The network not only as a technical means of communication or movement, but the network as an architecture. Such a structure has, in the Internet and mobile connection devices, the vehicle of its materialization. The spread of Internet usage reached, in less than two decades, all sectors of our society, built a new form of articulation between the states, the companies, the market, the society and the institutions. Created a new standard of sociability, suitable for youth, increased the use of the internet. This generation, which will reach maturity in the second half of the century, was born under the sign of informational, has virtual sociability integrated to real relations of sociability, transfers them from the real world to the virtual and, more importantly, uses the virtual world as a tool of communication and social transformation trough social networking and messaging system. Here are the aims of this work: understand the construction of this new pattern of sociability, in particular by the youth, its reflections on the various uses of the Internet and the transformation of social networking in tools to convene large social mobilizations.

The central goal of this research is to identify the best approach of the territory for use by the ESF, in Family Basic Units of Strategy of Health Parque São Jorge I and Parque São Jorge II. It is understood that the study would subsidize future implementations of teams and restructuring of those already existing. The main purpose is to reread the territories covered and use them for the Health Promotion. In this way, this research hypothesis is that the actions of ESF it s not being effectives in the way to attend these assumptions, what it means to reduce the incidence of use of the other levels of attention with actions of prevention and Health Promotion, because of the inadequate approach and little use of territory in health actions. The research was guided by the bibliographic and documental revision by the database of the library and thesis database of UFU, thesis portal of CAPES, library and database of the Universidade de Lisboa (University of Lisbon), publications in the online library database LILACS, BVS, OPAS, IBGE data, SIAB, DATASUS among others. The field research occurred in the period from January to December of 2013 and from January to February of 2014, whereas the access to ESF data only occurred after the approbation of the Internship and Research Sector of the Municipal Prefecture of Uberlândia. For the performance of this research, was done reading the territory to diagnose the scenario and detect the merits and weaknesses for the health promotion in this place. In this case was elected elements from the perspective of having a broader view of health. To this was considered the territory like an open system, dynamic and complex; analyzed in multiscale form. The approach of this fragilities and potentialities occurred inside the Miltonian view of fixes and flows of the territory located in maps and identified according to the greater or lesser potential health risks, as well as the locus of opportunity to the practice of the ESFs of actions with the community within the health district.

The objective of this study is to understand the new paradigm of priority to non-motorized transport, based on urban mobility and the knowledge of the infrastructure created for the displacement of the pedestrian in the road space produced within and outside the walls, the closed condominiums are foused. The analyze was concentrated on Uberlândia s Southern Sector of the city, from 1998 to 2009. The procedures used to achieve this objective were: Documentary research at the departments of Urban Planning, Traffic and Transportation and the Municipality of Uberlândia - PMU; field Study with photographic record; conducting semi-structured interviews with the universe of 12 professionals involved with the object of this study case (PMU servers responsible for approving the projects of blends, and professionals responsible for developing architectural and urban projects of condominiums; conducting informal interviews with some residents, service providers and brokers on duty during the visit to the enterprises; making maps in AutoCAD as the spatial survey of condominiums and the distances formed by the occupation of pens and / or closed allotments and have also made several sketches. The results show some negative impacts of the development in Uberlândia - the city object of the case study, where the recently occupied by condominiums / closed allotments subdivisions have not find the necessary between addressing the closure of areas and continuity of road routes. This process occupation by closed areas can lead to disruption of road routes have designed and performed in more peripheral areas. These closed entrepreneurs are located in areas bordering the arterial streets that make up the city\'s main road system. The distance is compensated by the existence of means of quick access to equipment in the region in which they operate and the neighboring or very close areas, causing the walls have extensive meeting and its extension. This research shows that in the Uberlândia s Southern Sector the condominiums have a significant green area and a neighborhood association to the use of grids with the issue of contemplation to the urban land. But maintaining separate in / out. There is a different treatment in the regulations, both in terms of architecture and landscaping, transparencies and bars. But, generally dominated by walls of masonry, forming monotonous landscapes is considered the vast expanses of walls. So, the priority still goes on the motorized and individual travels and more attention should be given to issues relating to non-motorized travel and its priority in the road system.

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais

This work has the objective of evaluating the quality of water and sediments in the reservoirs of hydroelectric plants of Nova Ponte and Miranda, in Minas Gerais State - Brazil. The collection of water samples and sediments were carried out in two distinct seasons: Dried (March) and rainy (September) of the year 2013 results of physico-chemical analyzes of the water showed values above the established limits by law, for the following parameters: Dissolved Oxygen, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Suspended Solids and sedimentable solids, and sediment samples: Total Cadmium, Total Lead, Total Copper, Nickel and Zinc Total Total. The values of the tests of water samples were interpreted according to the limits of acceptance for each individual substance in each class, aimed at meeting the water quality standards established by Resolução No. 357 of the CONAMA (2005). We compared the results of tests on samples of sediment to the levels of acceptance of Resolution No. 454 of the CONAMA (2012). To help understand the results of physico-chemical and bacteriological analyzes of water and physical and chemical characteristics of sediments in the study area was mapped on the use and occupation of land. This mapping has identified the presence of 58% of the anthropic use, 40% of natural vegetation cover and 2% occupied by water bodies. Classification of Water Quality Index (AQI) shows that the sampling points, mostly fluctuate between excellent and good, and the Trophic State Index (TSI) was the predominant mesotrophic. The evaluation of physical, chemical and biological variables of the water, and physical and chemical characteristics of sediments from the lakes of Nova Ponte and Miranda, coupled with GIS techniques, provided better knowledge of the environmental conditions of the study area, and the results obtained can be used as primary data sources to promote local and regional planning and environmental management.

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais

This research has as its central focus the analysis of the behavior of people on the implementation of Selective Collection Program in a building in the central area of Uberlândia / MG. Theories of Personnel Management and Human Motivation Theories were being applied and the change in behavior of residents was being investigated. The methodology consisted of literature research and participatory action research with meetings, interviews, and observations about the motivation of the residents. There was selective collection on site, with the program deployed 68% of the residents cooperated. The participation rate rose to 90% after a year and a half of the program. Biodegradable were destined for a recycling composting and 348kg experimental period, during the study period, were properly disposed, representing 30.8% of all waste generated. Visits resulted in 73 residential condominiums in Handbook of Practice. It is concluded that waste management depends on people management.

This research has made a critical and reflective analysis of the elites role in the political, economic and social development at Uberaba (Minas Gerais), and therefore about its influence on the production and reproduction of the geographical space between 1960 and 2007. The thesis shows the configuration and reconfiguration of elites in elapsing of distinct historical periods, which we call \"despotic coronelism\". We understand the relations of production economic, political and social from a theoretical and methodological approach of Historical Geography, interpreting the elites in its diversity, an analysis of the power of these groups at different scales. The research critically examined the use of memory as an instrument of power and consequently as a disputes field about the Uberaba history. Thus, the narratives analysis was important to interpret the position of the Uberaba memoir and from these meanings understand the use of the memoir works as an instrument of power by Uberaba elites. In this process, the analysis of the press attitude (especially local newspapers) allowed a position of reinforcement for the imaginary constructed to strengthen the hegemony of Uberaba elites. The role of ABCZ in this process and the development of Livestock Science demonstrated the configuration and reconfiguration of Uberaba elites and its hegemony in the production of Uberaba geographic space.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

The calculation of the Tax on Land and Urban property (IPTU) is based on property market value, which must match the value of cash sale, usually established in the city table of general values (PVG). These taxes provide municipalities with resources that are used in social services. However, there are municipalities, especially small ones, that do not collect IPTU taxes. This is due to outdated real estate cadastre, besides the lack of qualified personnel, financial resources and robust and easy methodology to determine real estate market value. Therefore, the present work aims to apply the combination of the spatial regression model and location factor modeling to determine the market value of each property in a small city for the generation of the table of general values (PVG). The study was conducted in the city of São Gotardo/MG, in the middle region of the Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba, which collected R$ 17.68 per person with property tax (IPTU), in 2012. One hundred and eighty-four samples of residential real estate evaluations made by the Caixa Econômica Federal in 2012 and 2013 were used. All models were generated using 166 samples, since 10%, ie, 18 properties, were excluded to evaluate the quality of the prediction of the final regression model. Aiming to analyze the application of spatial models, four multiple regression models were generated based on the logarithm dependent variables of the total and unit value and the independent variables related to the construction characteristics of the buildings, according to previous studies. Additional variables related to the characteristics of the land were also tested. For the models with spatial error dependence, a spatial error model was generated to determine a new homogenized variable encompassing the location factor (VH), which was used as independent variable of a new linear regression model. The best regression model was selected based on the observance of the assumptions of the linear regression model and the analysis of the lowest Dispersion Coefficient resulting from the 18 samples that were not used in the generation of regression models. The model with the logarithm dependent variable of the unit value and the homogenized variable as independent showed the best result and observed all the assumptions. Thus, it was demonstrated that the homogenized variable generated from the spatial error model improves the performance of the linear regression model, since it includes the location factor of the property in the independent variables. Therefore, in order to determine property value with the highest possible accuracy, it is necessary to consider, besides real estates, other aspects often neglected by the government in the valuation of the basic value for tax (IPTU) collection.

The public service that offers individual transportation by motorcycles, known as motorcycle taxi, started in Brazil in the mid-90s, primarily, due to a poor public transportation system and an uncontrolled urban sprawl. Understating these new members from the public transportation scenario became an obligation to any academic in the transportation field. The goal of this thesis is to demonstrate if this mean of transportation achieves its role in the authentic urban development. A multi-case study was conducted by exemplification of motorcycle taxi services from three cities located in the region of Triângulo Mineiro in the state of Minas Gerais and in the South of the state of Goiás, all of them in Brazil; the cities were Araguari (Minas Gerais), Ituiutaba (Minas Gerais) and Catalão (Goiás). This study also presents an alternative heuristic method, called PEESA Method, by which five aspects on motorcycle taxis were verified: political, epidemiologic, economic, social and environmental. Furthermore, an extensive literature search was made through document analysis and empirical research, leading to the interviewing of the five social players: motorcycle taxi drivers, users of motorcycle taxi services, the state, pedestrians and drivers of other means of urban transportation. The results of this study showed that, from the political and socioeconomic perspective, motorcycle taxis increasingly collaborate to the life quality of many people, though the service offers environmental and epidemiological risks. In conclusion, it is possible to say that, and taking into consideration the aspects here proposed, public transportation by motorcycle enforces social justice, giving transportation planners ways to promote this very important mean of urban mobility.