RCAAP Repository

Vive-se a era da visibilidade suprema dos bens culturais e naturais do mundo, ou seja, uma época em que as cidades antigas espalhadas pelo planeta são refuncionalizadas em nome do desenvolvimento econômico local com o chamado turismo cultural. Porém, faz-se necessário a retomada do processo histórico que desemboca na atual concepção de patrimônio cultural, no seu aspecto universal que se particulariza na dialética entre a cultura e a mercadoria, que rebate diretamente no território urbano entendido em sua totalidade. Este trabalho, síntese de uma pesquisa mais ampla, traça um breve marco de análise sobre a consagração do patrimônio cultural, de sua noção monumental a patrimônio mundial, na tentativa de desvendar a abordagem territorial urbana vigente. Para isso são consideradas, neste estudo, as principais cartas patrimoniais do século XX: Carta de Atenas (1931), Carta de Veneza (1964), Convenção Relativa à Proteção do Patrimônio Mundial Cultural e Natural (1972), Declaração de Amsterdã (1975).

O presente artigo descreve e analisa a literatura sobre o ensino das ciências sociais nas escolas médicas em diferentes países, durante o período de 1960 a 2000. A metodologia baseia-se na análise documental/bibliográfica de estudos já sistematizados sobre o tema e de levantamento realizado nos bancos de dados Lilacs, Medline e Sociological Abstracts. Com referência às experiências de 1980 a 2000, os dados levantados de 21 artigos assinalam: objetivos – acompanhar e atender às mudanças sociais, às ocorridas na prestação de serviços de saúde, às necessidades da população; técnicas de ensino – ênfase no processo de ensino-aprendizagem ativo, atividades em pequenos grupos, problemas como ponto de partida, trabalhos de campo, pesquisas, uso de material audiovisual, dramatização e outros; conteúdos – grande diversidade temática comprovando os resultados das décadas anteriores e variando de acordo com as diferentes escolas médicas: comportamento pessoal, interpessoal, médico, comunidade e ambiente, organização do cuidado à saúde; relações saúde-sociedade; relação médico-paciente; aspectos histórico-sociais da prática médica; variáveis sociais no diagnóstico, prognóstico e tratamento; relações doença-família. As conclusões apresentam alguns aspectos gerais e os principais resultados encontrados na pesquisa. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Departamento de Antropologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social, 2012.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2012.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Letras, Departamento de Teoria Literária e Literaturas, 2008.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Humanas, Departamento de Serviço Social, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Política Social, 2012.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Economia, Administração, Contabilidade e Ciência da Informação, Departamento de Economia, 2012.

People customarily use the extracts of plants known to have antidiarrhoeal effects without any scientific base to explain the action of the extract. For this reason, an investigation was undertaken with a view to determining the efficacy of the effects of the brute aqueous extract (BAE) of the leaves of Psidium guajava (guava), Stachytarpheta cayenensis (bastard vervain), Polygonum punctatum (water. smartweed), Eugenia uniflora (Brazil or Surinam cherry) and Aster squamatus (zé-da-silva) on the intestinal transport of water in rats and on the gastrointestinal propulsion in mice. With the exception of the BAE of S. cayenensis, all other BAE's have increased the absorption of water in one or more intestinal portion in relation to the control group. All tested BAE, except that of P. punctatum, reduced the gastrointestinal propulsion in relation to that of the control group. The results indicate that the BAE of the leaves of P. guajava, S. cayenensis, P. punctatum, E. uniflora and A. squamatus have a potential antidiarrhoeic effect to be confirmed by additional investigations in animals infected with enteropathogenic agents. _________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMO

The properties of lyotropic ferronematic liquid crystals based on new Ni, Cu and Zn ionic magnetic fluids are discussed. The efficiency of these new ferrofluids in the lyotropic nematic liquid crystal doping is verified and compared with the conventional surfacted ferro fluid lyotropic doping. It was observed that the structural characteristics of the lyotropics and ferro fluids determine the good formation of the ferronematics.

Background Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is a dimorphic fungus that causes the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America. The response to heat shock is involved in pathogenesis, as this pathogen switches from mycelium to yeast forms in a temperature dependent fashion that is essential to establish infection. HSP90 is a molecular chaperone that helps in the folding and stabilization of selected polypeptides. HSP90 family members have been shown to present important roles in fungi, especially in the pathogenic species, as an immunodominant antigen and also as a potential antifungal therapeutic target. Results In this work, we decided to further study the Pbhsp90 gene, its expression and role in cell viability because it plays important roles in fungal physiology and pathogenesis. Thus, we have sequenced a Pbhsp90 cDNA and shown that this gene is present on the genome as a single copy. We have also confirmed its preferential expression in the yeast phase and its overexpression during dimorphic transition and oxidative stress. Treatment of the yeast with the specific HSP90 inhibitors geldanamycin and radicicol inhibited growth at 2 and 10 μM, respectively. Conclusion The data confirm that the Pbhsp90 gene encodes a morphologically regulated and stress-responsive protein whose function is essential to cell viability of this pathogen. This work also enforces the potential of HSP90 as a target for antifungal therapies, since the use of HSP90 inhibitors is lethal to the P. brasiliensis yeast cells in a dose-responsive manner.

Background Mycelium-to-yeast transition in the human host is essential for pathogenicity by the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and both cell types are therefore critical to the establishment of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), a systemic mycosis endemic to Latin America. The infected population is of about 10 million individuals, 2% of whom will eventually develop the disease. Previously, transcriptome analysis of mycelium and yeast cells resulted in the assembly of 6,022 sequence groups. Gene expression analysis, using both in silico EST subtraction and cDNA microarray, revealed genes that were differential to yeast or mycelium, and we discussed those involved in sugar metabolism. To advance our understanding of molecular mechanisms of dimorphic transition, we performed an extended analysis of gene expression profiles using the methods mentioned above. Results In this work, continuous data mining revealed 66 new differentially expressed sequences that were MIPS(Munich Information Center for Protein Sequences)-categorised according to the cellular process in which they are presumably involved. Two well represented classes were chosen for further analysis: (i) control of cell organisation – cell wall, membrane and cytoskeleton, whose representatives were hex (encoding for a hexagonal peroxisome protein), bgl (encoding for a 1,3-β-glucosidase) in mycelium cells; and ags (an α-1,3-glucan synthase), cda (a chitin deacetylase) and vrp (a verprolin) in yeast cells; (ii) ion metabolism and transport – two genes putatively implicated in ion transport were confirmed to be highly expressed in mycelium cells – isc and ktp, respectively an iron-sulphur cluster-like protein and a cation transporter; and a putative P-type cation pump (pct) in yeast. Also, several enzymes from the cysteine de novo biosynthesis pathway were shown to be up regulated in the yeast form, including ATP sulphurylase, APS kinase and also PAPS reductase. Conclusion Taken together, these data show that several genes involved in cell organisation and ion metabolism/transport are expressed differentially along dimorphic transition. Hyper expression in yeast of the enzymes of sulphur metabolism reinforced that this metabolic pathway could be important for this process. Understanding these changes by functional analysis of such genes may lead to a better understanding of the infective process, thus providing new targets and strategies to control PCM.

In worldwide studies, interleukin-6 (IL-6) is implicated in age-related disturbances. The aim of the present report was to determine the possible association of IL-6 -174 C/G promoter polymorphism with the cytokine profile as well as with the presence of selected cardiovascular risk features. This was a cross-sectional study on Brazilian women aged 60 years or older. A sample of 193 subjects was investigated for impaired glucose regulation, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Genotyping was done by direct sequencing of PCR products. IL-6 and C-reactive protein were quantified by high-sensitivity assays. General linear regression models or the Student t-test were used to compare continuous variables among genotypes, followed by adjustments for confounding variables. The chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables. The genotypes were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium proportions. In a recessive model, mean waist-to-hip ratio, serum glycated hemoglobin and serum glucose were markedly lower in C homozygotes (P = 0.001, 0.028, and 0.047, respectively). In a dominant hypothesis, G homozygotes displayed a trend towards higher levels of circulating IL-6 (P = 0.092). Non-parametric analysis revealed that impaired fasting glucose and hypertension were findings approximately 2-fold more frequent among G homozygous subjects (P = 0.042 and 0.043, respectively). Taken together, our results show that the IL-6 -174 G-allele is implicated in a greater cardiovascular risk. To our knowledge, this is the first investigation of IL-6 promoter variants and age-related disturbances in the Brazilian elderly population.

Desde o seu surgimento, o Programa Saúde da Família (PSF) tem um caráter multidisciplinar, entretanto, agregando inicialmente somente médicos, enfermeiros, técnicos de enfermagem e agentes de saúde. Essa característica multidisciplinar deve proporcionar ampla abrangência dos serviços de saúde sobre o processo patológico, respondendo à necessidade crescente de uma abordagem diferenciada da questão da doença. Além disso, pode permitir à equipe ter opiniões de diferentes profissionais voltadas à resolução do mesmo problema. No entanto, a composição inicial teve como principal problema a não inclusão de diversos outros profissionais de saúde, que há muito participam dos processos preventivos e curativos frente à população. Assim, outros profissionais de saúde estão sendo vagarosamente inseridos no PSF para garantir o bom atendimento e a satisfação da população com relação aos serviços de saúde, porém sem um adequado planejamento. Citam-se, como exemplos de recém-agregados ao PSFm o odontólogo, o psicólogo e o farmacêutico. Entretanto, para assegurar o cumprimento dos preceitos do SUS de resolutividade e integralidade, abordaremos a inclusão do profissional fisioterapeuta, o qual indubitavelmente deveria fazer parte do PSF, uma vez que é o principal profissional envolvido no processo de reabilitação das patologias, reabilitação que, pela Constituição Federal, é direito dos cidadãos brasileiros e dever do Estado. No entanto, essa inserção deve ser feita de maneira planejada, para que o fisioterapeuta tenha condições de exercer seu papel na saúde de maneira adequada e completa. _______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT

This paper presents two strategies for the upgrade of set-up generation systems for tandem cold mills. Even though these mills have been modernized mainly due to quality requests, their upgrades may bema de intending to replace pre-calculated reference tables. In this case, Bryant and Osborn mill model with-out adaptive technique is proposed. As a more demanding modernization, Bland and Ford model including adaptation is recommended, although it requires a more complex computational hardware. Advantages and disadvantages of these two systems are compared and discussed and experimental results obtained fro man industrial cold mill are shown.

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Departamento de Antropologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Antropologia Social, 2007.

Revista A1 Internacional

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade, Departamento de Economia, 2012.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, 2012.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia Clínica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Clínica e Cultura. 2012.

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, 2012.