RCAAP Repository

In the current COVID-19 pandemic, social isolation persists, with recurrent outbreaks and a number of chaos in several countries. With this isolation, elderly people who are more likely to report loneliness are more likely to develop depression and psychological distress. To reduce these damages, physical activity can be beneficial in this population in relation to mental health. From this perspective, the objective was to analyze the contributions of physical exercise to the mental health of the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review was carried out in the Virtual Health Library, ScienceDirect and Pubmed databases. In which articles were included that had intervention with a control group of physical exercise in the elderly with variables in mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. After the search, 9 articles were selected. Studies show different exercises can improve mental health by decreasing perceived stress, symptoms of depression, cognitive stimulation, socio-psychological prosperity and increasing mental quality of life. This systematic review shows that physical exercise can contribute to the mental health of elderly people in the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies are needed with larger samples and in different populations.

Feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) is a common problem in clinical routine, resulting in a change in urination pattern. Urethral obstruction in cats fits into FLUDT and represents high risk to life, occuring mainly by the formation of uroliths that stop urinary flow, being able to trigger post renal azotemia and obstructive acute kidney failure. There are many hypothesis about the formation and development of urolithiasis, but none of them are very clear, as it can happen alone or simultaneously. Over the years, the urolith type prevalence in felines has been modified, mainly because of dietary changes implemented to prevent the emergence of struvite uroliths, which increased the cases of calcium oxalate in cats. The current paper has the purpose of contributing to the understanding of the pathophysiology involved in the formation of the main two kinds of urolithiasis in the feline species and assist in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of each case.

The present work aims to demonstrate that, in the themes of prehistoric sociability and sexuality, scenes that are found in several archaeological sites around the world also occur in the existing sites in the Serra da Capivara National Park (PNSC), in Piauí, Brazil. In this way, we selected birth scenes; anthropomorphs without and with sexual differentiation, through the presence of an itiphallic stick and signs that refer to the vagina; of sexual relations currently designated as heterosexual and homosexual, including the possibility of a record of female homosexuality; bestiality; and, finally, sociability mediated either by violence or by the collective spirit. This work is part of new theoretical and methodological approaches to cultural studies, such as Gender and Queer Archeology, which subvert the traditional assumptions of archaeological science, in a manner of tensing the way in which it has contributed to the maintenance of gender binarism and dimorphic sexualities. In this sense, understanding the functioning and structure of sexual and social practices in ancestral societies contributes to comprehending these relationships nowadays. The methodology of this work consists of bibliographic and field research, in order to locate in the PNSC rock scenes related to the researched themes.

This article aims to relate the role of hospital pharmacy in a pandemic scenario, such as the new coronavirus, and emphasize the importance of a contingency plan to face the impact caused by this pandemic in a hospital. From a theoretical review, where scientific works and literature on the subject were searched, in Scielo and Google Academic research platforms, it was possible to select and analyze contingency plans for hospital pharmacy proposed nationally and internationally, as well as articles, books, statistical data, statements, manuals, technical standards, among other materials that permeate this theme, correlating them with the attributions of a pharmacy service in health units. The results of the literature review corroborate the evidence of the need to develop a specific contingency plan for this scenario. Thus, it was concluded that it is up to the pharmacist to understand the care and management process to implement and execute a contingency plan in the hospital pharmacy specific for the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to fight the SARS-CoV-2 virus and mitigate its impact on the hospital environment and on society as a whole, ensuring the quality and safety of patients and employees.

Martial arts are considered complete forms of exercise and can contribute to stimulating motor and cognitive skills. The aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of Wado-ryu Karate-Do training on the cognition of old people diagnosed with mild neurocognitive impairment. Therefore, a clinical trial was carried out with eight people, who responded to a battery of cognitive tests. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics. It was found that in the post-intervention period, the group scored significantly higher on the Digits tasks – forward (p = 0.023), RAVLT A1 to A5 (p = 0.018) and Recognition (p = 0.011), WCST - Conceptual Level Responses (p = 0.020) and Complete Categories (p = .034), Rey's Complex Figure – delayed recall (p = 0.027) and Spatial Spam forward (p = 0.017) and backward (p = 0.033). In the pre-intervention stage, the group had a longer time to perform the TMT-B task, with a significant reduction (p = 0.012) in their time after the intervention, indicating an improvement in the alternating attention skill. The results suggest that the three-month practice of Wado-ryu Karate-Do is related to a significant improvement in cognition tasks of visual memory, attention, alternate attention, working memory, episodic verbal memory and executive functions.

Learning assessment is a complex field which involves social, educational, political, and related issues, and the way it has been studied and understood in recent decades has changed. In this field, they stand out, from more traditional and objective concepts (somatic evaluation) to concepts that seem to have a more qualitative and procedural character, which aim to (re)plan of teaching and learning processes (diagnostic and formative evaluation). Based on this, our objective is to understand the academic production about the “learning assessment”. Therefore, we consider the theoretical-conceptual contributions of research in Science Education. Qualitative in nature, this article is characterized as a “state of the art” type study. As a tool for collecting information, we use a “Textual Analysis Roadmap” (RAT) and, based on the construction of categories, we characterize the works found in a descriptive-interpretative movement. New articles were found as the focus of investigation, not a subject of interest. This corpus of constitutional analysis was issued for a universe of 768 articles published in the journal “Ciência & Educação” (1998 to 2017). Through the analysis of research, our results are based on the emergence for different concepts about the “learning assessment” in research on Science Education. In addition, we point out that most studies have as their central idea to understand the assessment as an action "part of educational practice".

Introduction: Ischemic Stroke (iCVA) consists of a cerebral arterial obstruction, which results in an acute neurological lesion with important worldwide morbidity and mortality. Representing one of the main causes of hospitalization, stroke causes long-term and high-cost hospitalizations and numerous future consequences for patients, with considerable financial expense in the health system. Such mentioned aspects can be avoided when we act on several factors that influence the length of stay (LOS) of these patients. Thus, the present study aims to identify elements that influence LOS in patients who had stroke and were assisted at a neurology and neurosurgery reference institution. Methodology: This retrospective research includes all patients with cerebral infarction between 2018-2019 and the exclusion criteria were patients with neurological pathology other than stroke, under 18 years of age or with incomplete medical records. Several variables were analyzed statistically, including demographic data, risk factors, level of consciousness, affected arterial vessel and need for neurosurgery. Results: 101 patients were eligible for the study. Average age was 73 years old, with 88,1% over 60 years old. Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) was present in most patients (77,23%). The majority (85,15%) presented with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) greater than 8 with statistical significance in lower mortality (p=0,015) and lower LOS (p=0,001). The middle cerebral artery (MCA) was the main arterial territory affected (58,42%) and few cases required neurosurgery (4,95%). The death rate was small (11,88%). The mean LOS was 11,31 days and most patients were hospitalized for less than five days (51,48%). Conclusion: Initial presentation with a GCS scale above 8 is consistent with lower mortality and lower LOS. Understanding factors that can induce higher LOS is of paramount importance for time management, aiming at reducing the treatment expenses and optimizing skills.

Acute kidney injury is a reversible clinical syndrome with abrupt loss of kidney function in which there is a reduction in the glomerular filtration rate and/or oliguria. It is a serious problem in intensive care units and consequently for public health, due to the high death rate and high cost of treatment. This study aimed to analyze and describe the nursing interventions for patients with acute kidney injury in the main complications during the hemodialysis session in an intensive care unit. This is a literature review study of the narrative type and qualitative descriptive nature, extracted from scientific articles in the databases: BVS, LILACS, BIREME, SCIELO and PUBMED, Brazilian Society of Nephrology, books and Resolution of the Collegiate Board that addresses renal injury, renal replacement therapy and intensive care unit. As a result, risk factors are comorbidities, in addition to sepsis, older age, hypovolemic shock, nephrotoxicity, nodules, ischemia and prolonged hospitalization in intensive care units. It is concluded that the role of the nurse is essential and essential to identify, monitor and intervene in complications during hemodialysis. However, further studies are needed on nursing as a member of the multidisciplinary team and its importance in the care plan for these patients.

Globally, public expenditures related to mental health care have been the target of different economic evaluation studies, allowing for an understanding of the scenario that encompasses the effectiveness and cost of care. Objective: To analyze the cost of mental health care in the context of public funding. Methodology: Integrative review, without temporal delimitation. Used the PICO strategy for combinations of terms and use of the Boolean operator “AND”, covering databases: Medline via PubMed, LILACS, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS and COCHRANE LIBRARY. The level of evidence and methodological quality of each study were assessed. The PRISMA method was used. Results: 266 studies were found. After peer review, 16 selected to compose the review. Most (75%) of the surveys were carried out in European countries, from the perspective of service providers, mainly in the hospital and community context. The studies involved investigations related to indirect and direct costs, hospital doctors and non-medical hospitals: services, drug interventions, mental disorders, with emphasis on schizophrenia. They were measured using descriptive statistics, and analyzed using the microcosting method (43.7%), with a temporal variation from 1 to 36 months. As for the main findings, the impact on the use of services and pharmacological treatment stands out, as well as the description of some average monthly per capita values that were different in the economic evaluation carried out. Conclusion: This integrative review study provides information that can lead to management and clinical approaches that can improve and optimize aspects of public funding for mental health care.

Women have long been fighting for their space in various sectors of society that are still sexista. One of these spaces is the right to write, publish and be recognizes for their writings. Thus, this study aims to investigate whether in the narrative memory of the graduate teachers and trainers of the Literature Course at the IEAA-UFAM in Humaitá-Amazonas, Brazil, there is the presence of Literature of Female Authorship and to know if the memories narrated reflect, somehow, in their pedagogical practices in the teaching of Literature, Language and Portuguese Language. The study has a qualitative approach and the methodological procedures used are based on post-critical studies of research in education, with a focus on narrative interviews. The study brings some points in the history of Female Authorship Literature in Brazil, as well as the narrative memories of the teachers that point out when the LAF began to be part of each person’s life, the formation of the female identity based on the identifications with autrhors’ writings, the analysis of the professors’ mememories of the LAF and how they still influence these professional in their teaching práxis. As a result, the study points out that teachers have memory of the LAF and these influence their work with in their classroms.

Introduction: Accidents caused by venomous animals are considered a public health problem in Brazil. Currently, there are about 37 thousand accidents with scuppers, 26 thousand accidents with snakes and 20 thousand with spiders in the country. Data related to these injuries are communicated in the notification health information system. However, there is a lack of data in the literature on accidents that occurred in the Northeast, mainly in Bahia. Objective: To describe the epidemiological aspects of accidents with venomous animals in the state of Bahia between 2010 and 2019, reported in SINAN. Methodology: This is a descriptive observational study. Data on accidents with venomous animals in Bahia between 2010 and 2019 were collected from SINAN. Results: Between 2010 and 2019, 173,334 cases of accidents with venomous animals that occurred in Bahia were registered in the SINAN. Desyes, 70.66% were caused by scorpions, 15.07% by snakes, 3.58% by spiders and 5.32% by larks and bees. In 2.69% of cases, there was no specification of the offending agents. Final Considerations: The present study identified that the epidemiological profile of accidents by venomous animals affects more young adults aged 20 to 39 years, economically active age group and males, mostly, evolved to cure after an accident with the animal.

Due to the effectiveness in disease prevention and health promotion, the consumption of functional and nutraceutical foods has increased more and more. In this sense, the egg is included in this class of foods, as it is one of the most economical sources of protein for the human diet, it has in its composition lipids, vitamins and high quality minerals. Eggs have a high potential for enrichment with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) by supplementing the diet of laying hens with ingredients that contain this type of fatty acid, resulting in increased deposition of omega-3 in the egg yolk. Fishmeal is an example of an ingredient that can be included in poultry diets, as it has a considerable amount of amino acids, vitamins and PUFAs. The inclusion of fishmeal in laying diets can improve the immune response of birds and humans, PUFAs help in the prevention and treatment of various diseases, decrease levels of circulating triglycerides and participate in the structure and function of the brain. In addition to easy inclusion in laying diets, fishmeal promotes rapid modification in the lipid composition of egg yolk and helps in the disposal of waste from agroindustry. A literature search was carried out on the internet of articles included in the inclusion of fishmeal in the diet of laying hens from 2005 to 2020. The objective of this study was to find positive points that leverage the use of this by-product in poultry diets.

Aim: To verify the prevalence of PMS in women of reproductive age in the city of Parnaíba-PI, as well as to trace the clinical and sociodemographic profile of women with premenstrual syndrome. Method: This was a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach that included a population of 705 participants of reproductive age. Sample data were collected through physical and online questionnaires with aim questions. Diagnosis was made using the SPM and TDPM scales, based on the ACOG and DSM-V, respectively. Results: The study showed a prevalence of 99.6% (CI99%: 0.001 - 0.014) for women with PMS, with a greater portion of this percentage classified as severe PMS, besides having physical and emotional disorders resulting from PMS. Conclusion: According to the study, it is recommended to carry out longitudinal studies in order to map and analyze the real factors that influence the emergence and persistence of PMS symptoms, as well as preventive measures for such consequences.

This review sought to answer the question “What theoretical models have been used to define and evaluate the quality of care provided to older adults in long-term care institutions?” The employed study methodology followed the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers Manual. Using MESH terms and keywords such as “elderly,” “long-term care,” and “theoretical,” four electronic databases (i.e., PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and LILACS) were searched for articles in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, without a time frame restriction. Titles and abstracts were independently screened by two reviewers, followed by a full-text review. A total of 1,211 articles met our inclusion criteria, 80 were selected for full reading, and 21 were included for qualitative synthesis. The theoretical models cited in the studies included the multidimensional model (n = 10); the structure, process, and results model (n = 8); a theory centered on the person (n = 2); and one centered on the work environment (n = 1). Few articles used a conceptual model as the basis for assessing long-term care institutions, which is important for the construction of instruments and indicators that assess the quality of care.

Semiochemicals, 5-methyl-nonacosane, Alkanes, Chromatography.Ants are eusocial organisms with great relative abundance and species richness. Studies on these organisms are scarce, especially in the high altitude humid forest environments of the state of Ceará. In view of this condition, an evaluation of the chemical composition of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) of the species Odontomachus bauri found and recorded for the first time in this study in the tropical forest of Maranguape was carried out, based on the hypothesis that different nests have different compositions of CHCs. For this purpose, collection incursions were carried out in the region to obtain individuals from three different nests. In the laboratory, the extraction of CHCs was performed by immersing the ants in hexane for 30 minutes. After removing the ants, the extracts were subjected to drying to assess the yield of the samples. Then, the extracts were subjected to a silica gel column, before performing an analysis by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The chromatograms obtained were analyzed and demonstrated a great similarity, showing long-chain saturated hydrocarbons, mainly represented by alkanes and methyl-alkanes. 5-Methyl-nonacosane was the component with the highest relative abundance. Statistical analysis of similarity and correlation between samples was performed using non-parametric tests. These analyzes provided sufficient statistical evidence to confirm the existence of a strong positive correlation between the samples and also a significant difference in the composition of HCCs in two of the three paired analyzes performed, thus confirming the study hypothesis.

Objective: To analyze the avoidability of infant and fetal deaths and the quality of research as indicators of iniquity in a medium-sized municipality in Brazil. Method: This is a documentary and quantitative study, with analysis of secondary data from the Mortality Information System (SIM) for the municipality of Caicó, in Rio Grande do Norte, reported in the period 2010 to 2015, with investigation of 58 infant deaths and fetal. SIM data were compared with data from the municipality's Mortality Committee based on the death certificate. Results: A low investigation of cases was identified (45.3%). Preventable deaths predominated (64.8%), evidenced by preventable deaths, if  adequate attention was given to women during childbirth. There was a high degree of disagreement between the evaluation made in this study and the municipal investigation: fetal deaths, five cases (29.4%) presented agreement and, of infant deaths, only two (12.5%) Cases. Conclusion: There are weaknesses in the surveillance of death and in the performance of the municipal mortality committee. It is necessary to recognize the relevance of the investigation to the knowledge of these deaths as a tool to reduce health inequities.

The present study aims to map the existing research on  scientific literacy of teachers of 4th and 5th years  of elementary school, with the use of  internet as a source of information to support scientific research in science education.  This is descriptive and qualitative research. A survey was carried out in the following bibliographic resources: articles, dissertations and theses published between 2007 and 2019, this search was carried out in five databases, namely: CAPES Journal Portal, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Digital Thesis Library and Dissertations, Sucupira Platform and Magazines Classified by CAPES - QUALIS in the Education área. We  used as a research tool the simple search with the following terms accompanied by quotation marks: "Alfabetização científica", "Scientific Literacy", "Elementary school teachers", "Internet", "School research", "Bibliographic research", “Scientific research”. We also utilized search, with, the boolean operator AND to delimit the research, equating the expression with all the words, by means of terms: Alfabetização científica and Elementary school teachers, Alfabetização científca and Internet, Alfabetização científica and school research, Alfabetização científica and bibliographic research, Alfabetização científica and Scientific research, Cientific Literacy and Elementary School Teachers, Scientific Literacy and Internet, Scientific Literacy and School research, Scientific Literacy and Bibliographic research, Scientific Literacy  and Scientific research. By  analyzing  the titles, abstracts and the content of the articles, we have as a result some approximations to the theme and the objective of the thesis, however these do not meet the informational needs to property answer  the problem raised.

This study aimed to conduct a search for articles published between 2015 and 2020, which had as an approach to analyze the actions promoted by higher education institutions in support of student mothers in reconciling academic demands and breastfeeding. 15 studies were selected. which were relevant to the topic addressed, being only one of these in Brazil, which demonstrates the need for more studies related to the public of nursing mothers at university. The results presented in the selected articles demonstrate gaps in the support offered by higher education institutions to university mothers, such as the absence of adequate places for breastfeeding and breast milking, inflexible academic activities schedules, making it difficult to reconcile breastfeeding with curricular activities, little reception from classmates and teachers, in addition to sociocultural issues that hinder the academic trajectory of student mothers. In this sense, the study promotes reflection on the theme, with the aim of encouraging Brazilian researchers, in view of the scarcity of Brazilian scientific productions that have a look focused on this group of women inserted in universities. Furthermore, it is important to emphasize the movement of universities promoting health, which has as its principle the participation of the university in the health promotion process, as it presents a rich space for the development of learning environments and healthy experiences for the academic community.

Comprehensive Medication Management (CMM) services produce positive clinical, humanistic and economic results in several scenarios, and studies have already elucidated the components necessary for its implementation. Despite this, most initiatives are still unsuccessful in maintaining the long-term provision of the service. Thus, this study aimed to understand the elements that contribute to the consolidation and continuation of the CMM service. The chosen methodology was grounded theory. In the period from May 2019 to February 2020, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight pharmacists and four managers who experienced the offering of CMM in various scenarios of public and private healthcare in Belo Horizonte and the metropolitan region. Records in the first author's field diaries and document analysis were also used. After systematic data analysis, as recommended by the grounded theory methodology, three determinant categories were identified in the CMM sustainability process. The first one, called “Collaborative care is essential: You can't think of CMM just like the pharmacist and patient dyad”, which addresses the essentiality of professional partnerships to strengthen the service. The second category, “Negotiating the sustainability of the CMM”, evaluates important elements associated with service management. And the third, “Who will pay for the service?”, analyzes the possibilities of financial resources in health systems. The results revealed that the consolidation of CMM services is a strategic process, which requires careful planning that begins with the implementation of the service.

Objective: to analyze the mental health impairment of the LGBTQIA+ population in the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: We performed a systematic review of studies on the Psychosocial Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of the LGBTQIA+ young adult population. Articles were chosen from the following databases: BVS and PubMed. We use the descriptors LGBT, mental health and COVID-19. The following search filters were applied: articles published in the last 5 years prior to the search date (04.04.2021) and Portuguese and English languages ​​and 20 articles were selected. Results: Due to social isolation and home confinement, several aspects of this group's life were compromised, including: financial, sexual, mental, physical and emotional. As a consequence, the quality of life is impaired and a mixed feeling of anguish, insecurity and fear is aroused, especially for the LGBTQIA+ population, as the individual, a member of this minority group, is not welcomed at home and has ceased contact with their support group due to isolation. Furthermore, while staying at home, LGBTQIA+ children, adolescents and adults are exposed for a prolonged period to unreceptive family members, increasing the rates of physical and emotional aggression, domestic violence, in addition to damage to mental health. Conclusion: Therefore, an analysis of the impacts of the Coronavirus pandemic on the quality of life and on the perpetuation of the social stigma of the group is essential.