RCAAP Repository

Nowadays, the teaching of human geography allied to the use of information and communication technologies (TICs) has been widely used in several educational contexts. Such action has allowed the teaching-learning process in geography to have a greater reach with effectiveness in terms of theoretical deepening in this area of knowledge. The use of TICs seems to be right and well directed towards the training of future Geography teachers, especially in Human Geography, where a process of strengthening the debates about the role of Geography teaching in Education is taking place. Here we consider especially the teaching of Human Geography, which encompasses several disciplines such as Politics, Commerce, Legislation, Environment, among other areas of knowledge, and we glimpse a new trend, since the geographic language today needs to be expanded, adding deep reflections on the definition not only of meanings, but also of representations that can be attributed to diverse terms such as "environment, cultural identity, environmental degradation," among others. The question then is: does the use of the tools provided by the advent of TICs contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the teaching-learning process in human geography where the teacher can foster the autonomy and critical thinking of his student. The present work methodologically is of bibliographical and narrative nature producing discussions focused on a perspective of knowledge construction in which geography should always remain as a science, where events unfold, being fundamental to all processes of social construction and structuring of a complex society.

To analyze published scientific evidence on the contributions of nursing care in welcoming adolescents with suicidal ideation. This study is a literature review of the integrative literature review method, carried out in the months between January and June 2021. The search was carried out through the Virtual Health Library Platform - VHL, using the LILACS, BDENF databases , through SCIELO. Adhering through the descriptors/key words: “Nursing Care”, “Suicide”, “Adolescent”, combined with the Boolean operator “AND”. Among adolescents, the main risk factors for suicide are: age, previous attempt, mood disorder, depression, abuse of legal and illegal drugs, lack of family support, family history of psychiatric illnesses, family history of suicidal behavior, illness severe and/or chronic physical, stressful events, sexual orientation. Nursing is responsible for the initial care of patients who attempt suicide, in addition, due to the essence of their activity, which is care, they remain in direct contact with the person being assisted for longer. The nursing team has the potential to help prevent new suicide attempts. It is understood that nursing professionals have a very important role in welcoming patients at risk of suicide and their families. For this, they use tools and strategies such as: mental state examination, risk assessment and classification, patient care in a safe place for both, a support network together with specialized services, family members/caregivers and administration of drug therapy, when necessary, in addition to home visits.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of group telerehabilitation on pain and disability in patients with chronic low back pain. Methodology: It is a longitudinal retrospective analytical observational study based on the analysis of medical records of patients who underwent three weeks of on-line physical therapy performed in group between september to december 2020. It was evaluated 25 records, considering as the primary outcome the sensation of pain, using Numerical Pain Rating Scale, and as secondary outcomes the disability related to low back pain, evaluated through Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire, and the patient's perspectives regarding care, before and after the intervention. Results: After data analysis, it was observed a significant reduction in pain intensity (0.007) and disability (0.002) after three weeks of intervention, in addition to positive reports from the patients regarding the experience of telerehabilitation. Conclusion: Group telerehabilitation was effective in improving pain and disability, being satisfactory for patients with chronic low back pain.

The continuous development of theoretical and methodological approaches allows new ideas about the empirical reality. The narrative approach allows capturing the relevant actors, their multiple motivations, interests, activities and an interaction between the various contextual elements, thus providing an essential element for understanding the various types of processes. A basis for evidence is needed about how narrative methods can add value to more conventional forms of inquiry. The present research identifies itself as a strategy associated to the qualitative approach, since it is studied about the narrative research from a critical analysis of the bibliographical survey carried out in international books and journals. Thus, we sought to demonstrate the depth and scope of the contribution of narrative research. This research addresses as a key theme what characterizes the development of narrative research, making a historical conceptualization and dealing with the approach of narrative research, types of data collection and a critical analysis of narrative research.

Adult patients frequently present the absence of mandibular first molars, and the rehabilitation of these spaces is necessary, whether prosthetically or with orthodontic closure. This clinical case reports a patient who presents Class II malocclusion and maxillary crowding concomitant with the absence of mandibular first molars. It was decided to carry out the treatment with extractions of the maxillary first premolars and mesialization through mini-implant anchorage of the mandibular second molars to close the spaces of loss of the mandibular first molars. The results were quite satisfactory. The orthodontic movement did not cause significant side effects, and mini-implants played a fundamental role in preventing a change in the patient's profile. It is concluded that mini-implant anchorage can be effective for the mesialization of mandibular molars with minimal effects on the periodontium and profile.

Abstract: To analyze in patients with cancer if the use of Reiki associated with conventional treatment, compared to only conventional therapy, promotes an improvement in welfare and/or clinical condition. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was made, with a search in the databases of the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and Medical Publisher (PUBMED), selection of articles from the combined Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS): "Therapeutic Touch" AND Neoplasms and Therapeutics AND "Treatment Outcome". The evaluation of methodological quality and quality of evidence was made using the GRADE system. Results: Five studies were selected, four of them available in the VHL, with level of evidence 1B and all published in the United States. Most of them showed a significant improvement with the use of Reiki associated with traditional therapy when compared to standard treatment alone, and reported the reduction of natural killer cells, with a relation to their cytotoxicity and a significant increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit in some patients. Furthermore, they affirmed that touch therapy is an alternative treatment that provides improvement of symptoms such as pain reduction, relaxation, stress reduction, anxiety, fatigue, as well as increased vivacity and mood of the patients. Conclusion: This complementary therapy can be a favorable instrument for the management of cancer patients, since it increases quality of life during the standard therapeutic resource.

There are several infectious diseases that affect equines and can cause large economic losses in this sector and damage to animal welfare. In this species, abscessing lesions of a purulent character preferentially in the withers are strongly suggestive of brucellosis. However, few studies have been carried out on the disease in this species, making its identification and control difficult due to the lack of standardization in the interpretation of results. Therefore, samples of whole blood, serum and purulent secretion were collected from three horses. The animals came from the state of Pará. The diagnostic methods selected were the Rose-Bengal plate test (RBPT) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), for the negative molecular results for brucellosis, microbiological analysis were chosen. Although part of the samples were positive for brucellosis in serological tests, all of them showed negative results for PCR. In bacterial cultivation, species were isolated Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus, Enterococcus faecalis e Staphylococcus sciuri subsp. lentus., which showed resistance to antibacterials, especially the E. faecalis isolate classified as MDR (multi drug resistant). In conclusion, the best form of diagnosis is the joint evaluation of several tests, both screening and confirmatory, in order to obtain a definitive diagnosis with assertiveness.

Objective: The focus of this study was to investigate the possible occupational stress the nurses perceived that in Basic Health Units (BHUs) and assess the major factors that motivate these employees’ inside these primary healthcare centers. Methodology: Data was collected from 70 nurses working in 61 BHUs distributed in the South of Brazil. The stress was measured with the Nurses' Stress Inventory (NSI), and the determination of motivation was performed using Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. The research has been taken up with special reference to administrative/assistance nurses. Results: The investigation showed that nurses are predominantly female (89.5%) and 80.0% work equally in assistant care and administrative functions. Moreover, the data showed that 89.4% of nurses present moderate to higher stress scores as a consequence of the intrinsic work factors. Investigating the motivation, the higher level in the Maslow hierarchy was belonging, this could be related to the fact BHUs are inserted in communities with strong social connections and relationships with the population. Conclusion: Knowing the main factors responsible for stress in nurses at the BHUs are essential for future strategies to improve working conditions.

The mango is a widely cultivated fruit in the world, whose industrial processing generates waste, which are rich in phenolic compounds. Thus, the present work aimed to study the use of mango kernel to obtain extracts with antioxidant activity by applying extraction techniques such as soxhlet system, maceration and ultrasound-assisted, using different solvents. To obtain the flour, the almonds were dried by forced air circulation at 60 ºC. The extracts obtained were evaluated by the yield of the extraction process, total phenolic content (TFT) using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and antioxidant activity (AA) by the ABTS and DPPH free radical methods. Regarding the extract yield, the extraction method by Soxhlet with ethanol showed the best performance when compared to the others (18.78%), because ethanol is more polar than hexane and ethyl acetate. As for the TFT, the maceration method using ethanol showed 451.32 mg EAG/g as the best result, since it is a method that does not use heating. For antioxidant activity by ABTS and DPPH, the values obtained were 2727.23 mM TEAC/g and 3198.58 mM TEAC/g, respectively, for extracts obtained through the maceration technique with ethanol, having the best performance in capturing free radicals. Thus, the mango agroindustrial residue is an interesting co-product to be reused, in order to reduce the inadequate disposal, and replace synthetic antioxidants in the industry, as well as in the preparation of functional foods.

Objective: This work aims to analyze scientific articles already made so that we can have greater compliance with the information obtained, in order to develop an study on the effectiveness of low-intensity laser in maxillofacial surgery. Methodology: This narrative literature review uses a qualitative methodology to develop the following research question: Is low-intensity laser effective in maxillofacial surgery? Therefore, the electronic database U.S. National Library of Medicine (PubMed (NLM)) was used, with selection of the following MeSHterms: “Laser therapy”; “Oral surgery”. Inclusion criteria were as follows: articles published in full for free; articles published in English, Portuguese and Spanish; publications between January 2016 and May 2021 and articles that fit the theme. Results: Based on this search strategy, 3,015 works were found in full; of these, 6 articles were duplicated in the search strategies, thus totaling 27 works selected after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Final considerations: Low-intensity laser can be used in maxillofacial surgery because it has biological mechanisms that favor postoperative recovery, helping to reduce edema and painful symptoms.

Inventories of Amazon invertebrates are relatively incipient and fragmented. The state of Amapá is one of the Amazonian states with a large knowledge gap regarding invertebrate biodiversity. Also, there is no record in the literature of systematic studies that focus mainly on the Acridofauna. Therefore the goal of this study was to understand the diversity and abundance of grasshoppers (Gomphocerinae) of the Environmental Protection Area of the Curiaú river, Macapá - AP. Twelve samples were collected from October 2011 to September 2012 using the active search technique with sweep nets. A total of 508 Gomphocerinae individuals were sampled and classified into five genera and twelve species. The floristic composition of sites A1 and A3, and sites A5 and A6, are considered more similar since the locusts are closely related to the vegetation. This is the first study assessing the diversity of orthopteroides in the state of Amapá. However, this pioneering study is expected to be the basis of future studies.

In Brazil, one of the most used materials in civil construction is steel, because it has a number of advantages such as: high strength; high ductility; high degree of reliability; smaller and more organized construction site; great ease of reinforcement and expansion; speed of execution. Most steel constructions are horizontal, single-story structures. The sheds make up a large part of this portion, with more versatile and economical solutions that provide large free spans, with a high degree of responsibility, which requires special attention and is essential to be performed by qualified professionals. In view of the demand for qualified professionals and the great growth of the use of steel as a structural system in civil construction, this paper seeks to offer a design guide for the steel structure of a typical shed in the region of Caruaru - PE, which uses cold formed profiles (CFP) in the roof system and hot rolled profiles for the pillars. The SAP2000 software will be used for the modeling and structural analysis of the shed, promoting the appropriate procedure for the structural dimensioning obeying all the pertinent norms, besides doing all the detailing, manufacturing and assembly plans and quantities necessary for the execution of the work. The dimensioning of the structure is pointed out as something complex, being necessary a lot of prudence mainly in the verifications of the connections, because they are largely responsible for the collapse of steel structures, and occur without warning.

This study was undertaken to determine the incidence and potential risk factors associated with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in pediatric oncologic patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation and the association between mortality risk factors and ARDS. Retrospective cohort study was conducted using data analysis of patients on admission to the PICU, that were submitted to invasive mechanical ventilation for over 24 hours. Shapiro-Wilk test and bivariate analysis within the group exposed to ARDS and the one not exposed, as well as Fisher's, Wilks G, chi-square tests, and Poisson logistic regression were applied, with significant variables p <0.05 and 95% CI. From que 181 pediatric cancer patients included in the study, 69.06% had ARDS, with 48% leukemia, 58.4% pneumonia, 60.8% febrile neutropenia, and 76.1% were in the maintenance chemotherapy phase; pH expressed higher relation with ARDS outcome and mortality. These data are important as this is one of the first studies carried out on ARDS in the pediatric cancer population in the North of Brazil, but further research is needed to better correlate risk factors and acute respiratory distress syndrome on such population.

Acne severe/moderate is a self-limited genetic-hormonal disease that is related to the inflammatory process of the pilosebaceous apparatus, leading to the formation of abscesses (purulent nodules) and intercommunicating cysts, besides possible systemic alterations. The prognosis is variable; the sooner the correct treatment with oral isotretinoin is done, and the instructions of the dermatologist are followed, the better the outcome for the patient. Objective: To analyze whether there is a correlation between the use of oral Isotretinoin in patients with severe/moderate acne, and a negative impact on their mental health. Methodology: Case analysis that has the characteristic of being an observational study of prospective character and presents a qualitative approach. The information was obtained by means of questionnaires and data collection from the patients' medical records, which could only be done after written authorization by signing the Informed Consent Form (ICF) and the consent of the Research Ethics Committee of the Patos University Center (UNIFIP). Results: The proposed study obtained a positive result regarding the effects of the medication in the treatment of severe/moderate acne, as well as on the mental health of the patients. Conclusion: Thus, it may contribute significantly to the better well being of patients in treatment, as well as to a better conduct on the part of professionals when it comes to greater care with the psychic effects related to the medication.

Objective: To analyze evidence from the literature on the challenges of breast cancer screening in transgender men and women. Methodology: Integrative review study, carried out in the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Virtual Health Library (VHL), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and the United States National Library of Medicine (PUBMED). Results: The sample consisted of eleven articles. It was identified that the challenges of breast cancer screening in transgender people are associated with variables such as: low financial condition, disabled professional to serve the transgender public, absence of a specific guideline for screening and health services with discriminatory practices. Conclusion: Therefore, it is necessary to understand the aforementioned cancer epidemiology and the specific needs for prevention and treatment in transgender populations, which also adopt public policies to reduce stigma and discrimination related to gender diversity.

Objective: to verify associations between the sociodemographic profile and the attitudes of professionals from a reference service on alcohol and other drugs, towards alcohol, alcoholics and alcoholism. Method: cross-sectional study carried out with 42 professionals from a service specialized in caring for users with disorders resulting from the use of alcohol and other drugs. For data collection, a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Scale of Attitudes towards Alcohol, Alcoholism and Alcoholism were applied. Univariate and multiple regression models were used to verify the association between outcomes. Results: positive attitudes were observed in the theoretical domains of work and the relationship established with the user, and negative attitudes towards alcohol use and its etiology. No associations were identified between sociodemographic variables and professional attitudes. Conclusion: attitudes towards alcohol, alcoholism and alcoholics are not associated with sociodemographic variables of health professionals in the context of a specialized service.

Affection is present in all human spheres, from social relationships, through the human development process and also through cognitive processes, such as those developed in the school environment. This work aims to understand the importance of affectivity in the teacher-student relationship and its influence on the teaching and learning processes, understanding that, just as in different social spheres, the way the educator manages his relationship with the student will influence the social interactions of the class, in the academic performance of the students, as well as in the student's own further development. From the objective described above, we developed this research also in order to answer the motivating question of this study, which is: how affectivity can influence the student-teacher relationship in the teaching and learning processes? Finally, the bibliographical study now undertaken will be organized around three axes, namely: knowing the different perspectives on the affectivity category; dialogue about the nature of teaching and learning processes; and, finally, understanding affectivity as a pedagogical presupposition for the relationship between teacher-student. Thus, as a result of this research, we highlight the importance of positive affects within the classroom environment and, more precisely, in the relationship between educator and student, as affectivity and cognition are not dissociated. Therefore, the affections permeated in this interpersonal relationship can generate decisive impacts on the teaching and learning process, as well as facilitating or hindering them.

Objective: To identify the levels of depression during the pandemic of the Coronavirus COVID-19 and to track the impact of social detachment and / or not during the period of the pandemic related to the signs of depression. Methodology: This is an exploratory study with an approach with a quantitative approach developed during the period from August to December 2020 with a population of 104 participants, including undergraduate students and health professionals, aged between 16 and 50 years old. Three variables were used: sex, age, marital status, being analyzed for the level and predominance of Depressive Disorder developed during social isolation. Data collection using the adaptation of the Questionnaire Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), validated for Brazil. Results: Females presented Moderate Depressive Disorder (16%), followed by Moderately Severe (11.5 %) on the other hand (12.5%) did not present any disorders. The male gender, on the other hand, presented Moderate Depressive Disorder (12.5%). The age with the highest number of cases was 21 to 30 years, with Moderate Depressive Disorder (18.3%), Moderately severe Depressive Disorder (15%). As for the activities developed during social isolation, most responded: playing with their children, watching series, writing articles, among others. Regarding the feelings of study participants developed in coping with the pandemic, participants could choose more than one option, namely: insecurity, overloaded, sad, stressed, fear, among others. Conclusion: There was a high frequency of feelings of isolation, anxiety and sadness, fear, stress during the study period, as well as depressive disorders in the population.

Horses are extremely dependent on the correct functioning of the digestive system for energy production and the performance of their physiological functions. The intestinal microbiota plays a key role in maintaining health, being related to the modulation of the immune system, protection against pathogenic microorganisms and also for obtaining nutrients. Due to the importance of the microbiota in maintaining health from the beginning of life, this review aims to address the early composition, development and factors that influence the intestinal microbiota in foals. A qualitative review was carried out in the main research databases. Data referring to the early microbial colonization suggest that it occurs since intrauterine life, despite the fact that at birth, the foals acquire a large part of the microorganisms that will form its microbiota. The main phyla involved in this process are Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes, which are aquired from a combination of bacteria present in the feces, vagina and other maternal environments. From birth until the first weeks of life, the microbiota gradually changes due to several factors, which include the composition of food, coprophagy, exposure to different environments and medications. The foal's microbiota becomes more stable in the first and second months of life. It is suggested that changes in the composition (dysbiosis) and diversity of the different phyla are a risk factor for the development of diseases, since the microbiota directly influences the immune system. From advances in sequencing technologies it was possible to investigate the components and factors associated with early colonization of microbiota in horses as well as factors related to the development of dysbiosis and disease. Nevertheless, many facts are still unclear and should be adressed in the future.

Diabetes mellitus is a predisposing factor for dermatomycosis, despite it is not yet completely understood, especially in regards to those living in rural areas. Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of dermatomycosis in diabetics, aged over 60 years old, living in the rural area of Ivatuba, Paraná, Brazil. Methods: Patients of HiperDia program answered a questionnaire and provided blood samples, and cutaneous lesions scraped, for laboratory investigation. Results: forty-five individuals were included in the study, of which 37 had cutaneous lesions and were investigated in the laboratory. Fungi were detected in 17 of them (45.9%), with dermatophytes being the most frequent agents. There was no significant difference in the assessed metabolic parameters of individuals with and without mycosis, nor in terms of rural life habits, however some fungi sampled were resistant to phagocytosis and especially to death by phagocytes from diabetic animals. Conclusion: A high rate of dermatomycosis was detected in individuals with diabetes, probably related to the failure in the activation of phagocytes.