RCAAP Repository

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais

Ribeirão Cachoreira de Cima s watershed is located in the municipality Itapagipe, west mesoregion portion of Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba (Minas Gerais) and presents a system of fundamental importance for the municipality because it s responsible for the water supply to the urban population and for taking part of the county's dairy herd, which has in its production of milk and derivatives one of its main economic activities. The developed research aimed to complete the precipitation monitoring and the environmental and integrated evaluation of the basin, covering not only the environmental preservation issue and, also, the alliance between preservation and socioeconomic development, trying to promote sustainable development of the studied area and ensuring the water maintenance regime of the basin. The necessity of conducting an environmental evaluation is justified by the fact that the system has significant physical and environmental diversity, showing areas of residual relief, very sandy soil and high vulnerability areas with natural and physical-environmental ideas for the development of several farming activities in an area of relatively small portion of about 210 km ². The integration of these elements, combined with different types of land use, most of times inadequate, leads the system to a state of alert for the production of water use and availability of this resource in adequate quantity and quality to support all the activities developed in a medium/long period of time. According to these information, it is also justified the rainfall monitoring made, which can optimize the rainwater use and reduce its negative impacts on the system. From the results of the environmental and integrated evaluation and the rainfall monitoring, we intend to propose actions the aim recovering the environmental quality of the Ribeirão Cachoreira de Cima s basin, providing better management, handling and conservation of the natural resources.

The object of this study is to present the results of research on the transformations in the agrarian space of Caldas Novas, Goiás, beginning in 1970, as well as the socio-economic implications and the elements of alteration of this space. Use was made of bibliographic research covering the themes related to the development of farming and cattle ranching in the Mid-West region and in the State of Goiás since 1970, drawing from books, magazines, newspaper articles, periodicals and information available on the Internet. The field research showed changes in the agricultural environment of Caldas Novas with an assimilation of new production techniques evidenced in properties undergoing an adaptation in land usage, going from rudimentary open range cattle ranching to seasonal soybean and corn farming regimes. At the same time the county undergoes a process of incorporation and usage of agricultural equipment, insecticides and fertilizers because the local soils require chemical corrections and adaptations for the practice of modern agriculture. Many still do not make use of modern technology for financial reasons or for not knowing of the advantages of increased productivity. Finally, it can be affirmed that there is a concentration of crops in one region of the county (flat lands) where there is a greater modernization in agriculture and even in cattle ranching. It is in the hilly lands that the more backward and rudimentary ranching prevails. The growth in agriculture and ranching complements the touristic aspect of the county, which developed after the founding of Brasília in the 1960 s, and whose hidrothermal potential is greatly exploited as the main source of the county s economy.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

This study approaches the necessity of an Environmental Education in our days, given the socio-environmental problems that affect life quality in the Planet. We have seen in recent years a lot of works said to be on Environmental Education, that are developed in schools, companies, non-governmental organizations and other entities. However, we have not verified changes of behaviors in relation to the environment. As a teacher of the elementary school where children experience some of their habit formation , I decided to make a research on how Environmental Education is practiced in that teaching segment. The choice presents one private school of confessional administration , and one public school. They are very different one from another in what regards people social, cultural and economical conditions, as well as the geographical localization of the schools in the city of Patos de Minas MG. The fact of choosing a public and a private school is due to the belief and culture of the population which, in general, consider that the teaching in a private school is better then the teaching of a public school, especially in Patos de Minas. Starting with the social representations of the involved subjects we tried to make a comparison to verify their contribution on the formation of important concepts from the Environmental Education point of view. The research was developed from October, 2003 to November, 2004 with a quanti-qualitative approach. The obtained data were classified observing the social representations of the researched subjects. The categories used in the analysis of the social representations of the Environment were the Naturalistic, the Anthropocentric and the Globalizing ones, while the categories used in the ocial representations of the Environmental Education were the Traditional, the Corrective and the Integrative ones. We verified that the practice of the Environmental Education in the researched schools have been developed from a traditional and corrective vision and, a lot of times, we could identify the prevailing idea that the environmental issue should only be worked by some disciplines or even out of the classroom. We consider that vision as being a reductional one, once it was verified that both the teachers and the students still don't understand the Environment as being a complex interaction of the social, political, economical and cultural configurations, because the social representations that they have of the Environment are framed by the naturalistic and anthropocentric categories. Besides that, it seems to us that the teachers don't understand very well the necessity of developing strategies that culminate in an efficient practice for the critical citizens' formation that can be able to accomplish their social roles in the Environment. This work won't have been in vain if it can somehow indicate a reflection and also alternative ways to the political-pedagogical practice of the Environmental Education, with subjects that are able to act, articulate and organize themselves in the society they live, participating with responsibility in the construction of their environment and in the solution of their own problems.

This research has the objective to contribute to an effective improvement of the quality in teaching Geography by means of discussions and considerations on the teaching practice. Using cartographical language, we present possible ways for a significant teaching practice which is indispensable for the students understanding in the different domains that are socially built. Starting with an analysis of works referring to the Geography teaching as well as its cartographical language, we did a research in 2003 involving teachers of the 5th grade of the elementary public school in Uberlândia-MG. Our aims were to investigate the methodological procedures that those teachers make use to teach Geography and, to question if Cartography is used as a tool to help students do read, interpret and analyze the geographical space. The analysis of the collected data confirmed that the current didactic approaches still follow traditional patterns of teaching, and that the cartographical work developed by the teachers is ruled by the use of maps already made up. Besides, Cartography continues being treated by the teachers as a content which is dissociated of the geographical concepts. We also tried to explore the knowledge and procedures of the teachers in relation to the cartographic language by means of some activities. Most of the answers indicate that there are a of difficulties even with simple contents such as geographical locations, understanding and scale use, projection, construction and reading of topographical profile. The results also helped to guide the development of some methodological procedures that were worked with the teachers. With the conviction that the teaching of Geography allows by means of maps to accomplish comparative studies and to understand the different landscapes and spaces that are socially produced and also, that the interactive activities contribute more efficiently so that reasoning prevails on memory, we hope to alert teachers for the importance of the construction and reading of maps in the process of teaching-learning Geography.

The Brazilian woodsy pastures areas, from the 1970 decade on, went through a significant change concerning the land use with the introduction of soya-bean. To make this culture planting happen, two factors were important: the public policies and the projects established by the Estate to promote economical development in these areas. Thus, the project for the agriculture modernization aroused by the Green Revolution was consolidated. The Middle- West region, which then was occupied by Southern settlers, is inserted in this context. In particular, in Mato Grosso do Sul, the first colonists settled down where it is today the city of Chapadão do Sul, in the final of the 1970 decade. A new social and spacial configuration was delineated in this region. Therefore, the changes in the productive system that took place with the introduction of the agricultural modernization caused economical, social, environmental and cultural changes in the city. We can notice the replacement of the natural economy by agricultural activities integrated to industry, which gave birth to a new division of work and a constant search for the specialization of products due to the changes in the technical basis of production. For all this, the present study aimed to know the modernization process and the agricultural development established in Chapadão do Sul-MS, from the 1980 decade on, evaluating the changes occurred.

The present work has the objective of study de urban space and criminality of the Northwest Region of Goiania, at its inhabitants perspective. This region results from the population that, at the strenth for a home, occupied a part of an abandoned farm aroud the city, at the 70`s, what resulted the political violence. Then the city public power desaproprieted the area, consolidating the urban occupation. Later, this region was abandoned by public power. The increasing number of steals and robs to the people and to the patrimony, the few number of the militar and civilian polices, the use of drugs, and the shortage of political social inclusion, the population`s unhappyness and inphastructure, leisure and culture explain why the Goiania`s Northwest region is, nowadays, the most violent metropolitan region. Here are some alternatives for the fragile citizenship situation, which accepts or make part of the urban violence that characterizes the Northwest region, alterates itself, improving life conditions of the population and modify its inserction in the urban goianiense metropolis.

This dissertation is organized in three chapters. In the first, we reflect on how the environment is treated by geography to subsidize Environmental Education. In the second chapter, we review the origin of projects in the New School, besides enlarging on the concept of projects in Environmental Education. In the third, we present a description of the projects carried out in our research, the paths followed, changes in plans, difficulties encountered and perspectives as to the continuation of our work. We set the following objectives for the realization of the research: to study the contributions of pedagogical projects in the praxis of Environmental Education for the training of technicians in environment from Federal Agrotechnical School of Uberlândia; to analyze the pertinence of pedagogical projects in the training of technicians in environment, who will serve as agents of Environmental Education in the institution of learning itself; to verify how work offers with Environmental Education projects determines a character transformation in student practices; to diagnose production potential of related knowledge as to local questions (productive and pedagogical sectors of the School) and the participation/intervention in this reality; to evaluate the results of this practice, offering contributions for future work of Environmental Education in the Federal Agrotechnical School of Uberlândia and other institutions of learning. We applied research/action to carry out projects of Environmental Education, since this methodology establishes close association with an action or with the solution of collective problems and with which, researchers and participants are involved in a cooperative and/or participative way.

The present dissertation has the interactions between the university and the society as its background for the research which focus on the environment. To do so, 27 (twenty-seven) dissertations and a thesis (all of them accomplished by the post-graduation program of Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Geography Institute) were taken into consideration. Such works date back to the year 2000, when the results of the program were first presented for appraisal, and July 2007. The studies cover several topics of the environmental issue in Uberlândia-MG which was chosen in order to restrict the searched field. A methodology of analysis was developed for the purpose of presenting a picture of the trends which have or not influenced the selected works. We tried to achieve this task by basing on a series of epistemological and theoretical references taken from authors who have been talking over new challenges for social sciences and humanities in general and geography in particular. The main references are Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Edgar Morin, Milton Santos, Arlete Moysés Rodrigues, Henri Lefebvre, Yves Lacoste and Alain Lipietz, among others. From this reference, we set up a number of structural aspects, embodied as platforms, levels, dimensions of analysis, starting from broader to the more specific ones. From each dimension, we drew up a critical vector composed by two coordinates. The critical vectors are: Complexity Vector Interdisciplinary and Interactivity; Organization Vector of Space Space and Nature; Geopolitics Vector Ecology and Politics. The vectors were structured as matrices, with questions for each coordinate. These questions had answers Yes, No or Not applicable, obtained by the reading of the works. With this "architecture", we aimed to determine what the position of the analyzed works is. The incidence of answers Yes made it possible to know whether and what extent the ways of thinking derived from this set of ideas is affecting the scientific production on environmental subjects in the IG/UFU. The results show that the highest incidence of critical vector is the Organization of Space, in its coordinated Nature. The lower incidence is the Complexity vector, in Interdisciplinary coordinate. The Space coordinate also showed low incidence as well as Ecology coordinate. The application of matrices allows a critical objective design of the scientific reviewed literature and the preparation of some proposals as contribution to the Program of Post-Graduate Studies in the IG/ UFU.

In the face of contemporary issues (social, economic, environmental) for the premises of sustainable development, this project seeks to scrutinize what is the Federal University of Uberlandia s position on those issues aimed at promoting a sustainability Eco-Knowledge indicator to interpret the perception of the academic community related to the topic. With this purpose we could see through a descriptive analysis / deductive explanation that the issues facing sustainable development are not studied in depth at the University, apart from some academic units, and because of that the graduates have diffuse and inchoate knowledge acquired a greater percentage in the media, television, newspaper, magazines and internet. This result is reinforced when we compare the indicators of Eco-Knowledge in Natural Perspective (2.94) and Social Perspective (2.03), developed using data obtained by the survey, with an ideal value stipulated arbitrarily (6.3 ). For the fostering of these indicators are considered seven components that comprise the Natural Outlook, and also seven components that illustrate the Social Perspective which is made up of the Conceptions (1), Actions(2), Importance (3), Impediments (4), Consumerism (5), Professional Field (6), Source of Knowledge-UFU (7) related to the concept and the promotion of sustainable development for both the natural environment issues which are related to the preservation of natural resources, and to the social context which issues include paradigms and behaviors of contemporary society. From these results it is noticeable that the difficulties regarding the implementation and fostering of sustainable development in the spheres of production of scientific knowledge, goes beyond the issues related to fragmentation of knowledge and the need for a global vision linked to different levels of ideological reality. The problem is the lack of approach of this theme forward all courses that make up the academic sphere, that is, studies addressed to Sustainable Development are restricted to small groups interested in sustainability on the subject.

The Urbanization process of Brazilian cites, already had beginning in the first half of the XX century, it was accompanied by the disordered growth of industry and by the rural exodus, it brought, with itself, not only the concentration and urban expansion, but also the home conflict, health, education, transport, leisure etc. The present study has as main objective to analyze the existent relationships between the transport system and the problem of social exclusion, starting from a debate about this relationship and of a quantitative approach of mobility indexes and accessibility to the urban collective transportation in the municipal district of Uberlândia MG. The methodology uses analysis indicators such as: income distribution, number of trips presented by the collective transport system, the urban transport system tariffs of the system of urban transport, number of accomplished trips, researches O/D (origin destiny) and the evolution of the demand along the years. The study anger to approach the evolution of the urban transport system and their social and economical role, of great importance, because it democratizes the mobility in the measure that facilitates people s locomotion, those don t possess other middle of displacement in the urban mesh of cities.

The study pursued the objective to create a precedent of solid waste management in the school universe of the city of Uberaba. The experiment was carried out in the state school Corina de Oliveira. Students, teachers and employees were confronted with the challenge to divert from the landfill most of the solid waste produced in the school. The waste was separated into biodegradables, inert recyclables and refuse. Windrow composting was applied to transform the biodegradables into compost that was used in gardening. The inert recyclables were handed to reverse logistics operators. Only the refuse was directed to the landfill. As qualitative result the study showed that students may easily be induced to operate the waste movement, including the windrows. As quantitative result it was discovered that the school produces 7.0 kg of waste per working day, of which 2.67 kg is biodegradable material, 2.98 kg is inert recyclable material and 1.35 kg is refuse. The management model applied here reduced the rate of landfill disposal from 7.0 kg to 1.25 kg per working day, or from 100% to 19%. With this result, the research established a precedent to be imitated in the school universe of the city.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais

The city of Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, is an important center of production and poultry genetics. Through the rural survey conducted by the Municipal Agriculture and Food Supply of the City of Uberlândia, a significant number of rural farms have poultry hillbillies. These creations do not have biosecurity standards that prevent the introduction of contagious diseases in their herds. Some of these properties are close to industrial poultry farms, putting them at risk of infection by these pathogens. Avian influenza, a viral disease that is transmitted from birds to man, still represents a threat to the population and put on alert the scientific community. Problems associated with the disease, such as sacrifice and the elimination of thousands of poultry and human infection with high mortality, intensified after 2003, affecting mainly the Asian countries. In Brazil the disease is considered exotic, and epidemiological investigations carried out in various places of migratory birds in the country. The results demonstrated the occurrence of low pathogenic virus in birds examined. The program of animal health protection in Brazil, including the National Avian Health Program (PNSA) performs work of prevention and control of emergency and exotic diseases such as avian influenza. As part of the control and prevention is monitoring bird migration sites of some of the country. The survey of the Aviafauna local, located in the vicinity of the hydroelectric dam Amador Aguiar I and II, in the cities of Uberlandia, Indianapolis and Araguari identified the occurrence of migratory birds from North America, a region that already had the virus isolation avian influenza highly pathogenic. Although the region presents a low risk for introducing avian influenza, as well as the rest of the country, there is a close coexistence of these migratory birds to the population of wild birds and hillbillies. Whereas these birds are very close to properties of industrial production of poultry, there is a need to perform an epidemiological investigation of migratory birds. It also adds the need for specific legislation, under the auspices of the Ministry of Agriculture, for the control of health of the subsistence or backyard.

The sacred wandering is a work on geo-anthropology of time and space from the popular culture in the region of the São Francisco River in the north of Minas Gerais, focusing in the city São Romão. From the survey of historical and geographical aspects of São Romão, I intend to identify and analyze a geography-wandering of residents from different places within the region close to the city. Throughout the lives in time and space, we find Vila Risonha , marked by peculiar characteristics of party and working areas. The rural livelihoods are prevalent in urban areas, providing a resistance of rural and popular culture, with its parties recognized throughout the region. The wandering found in the most part of people s lives from that region makes possible the understanding of popular culture practicing, identifying the vocation for the trip from the most part of manifestations of its popular Catholicism. From the wanderings lived in the Sertões , I aim to build an understanding and analysis of times and spaces from the creators of popular culture from a society in northern of Minas Gerais, on the banks of San Francisco River. It is a geography-errant to think about the wandering as a fundamental principle in the construction of new forms of integration in the space, creating other territorialities and recreating, with a continuation, a cultural landscape ribeirinha and norte-mineira .

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

The present study investigates the reversal logistic of waste in urban geography and proposes a model of proactive management. As methodological principles, were used bibliographical review, field research and document analysis. In order to reflect this context, concepts like reverse logistic, urban space, selective collection, environment, solid waste, sustainability, life cycle, public power, consumer, sanitary landfill, recycling and composting were used, promoting a dialogue among them. The intention is to understand the complex reality in which wholesalers, intermediaries, recycling materials collectors, cooperative and association are immersed. A diagnosis was made about the urban household solid waste in the city of Uberlândia MG, giving grater enphasis on inorganic recyclable materials, followed by an analysis of organic waste. From the results of the diagnosis, a representative pyramid of reverse logistic was built and subsequently an analysis was carried out for each component. To do so, structured and semi-structured interviews, informal conversations and free observations were conducted to better understand the universe studied. The study is concluded with some reflections and suggestions, arising from fieldwork, targeted for a proposed management model, which is proactive, flexible, democratic and more adaptable to different realities. The aim with such a model is the principles of self-sustainability and self-management, seeking economic benefits for those involved in the production chain of urban solid waste in order to divert the maximum amount possible of organic and inorganic solid wastes that are sent daily to the sanitary landfill.